MR. LIPMAN’S AP GOVERNMENT
POWER POINT FOR CHAPTER 4
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
state and local governments derive
their power from state constitutions
issue of sovereign immunity
11th amendment (Chisholm v. Georgia 1794)
and the Judiciary Act of 1789
The “one-person, one-vote” principle required
__________.
A.A constitutional amendment to become
affective
B. each citizen to vote regardless of whether they
wanted to or not
C. each person to cast only one ballot rather than
the traditional two
D.each legislative district within a state to have
the same number of eligible voters so that
representation would be equitable
E. each person to be taxed every time they voted
in a local or state, but not federal, election
The “one-person, one-vote” principle required
__________.
A.A constitutional amendment to become
affective
B. each citizen to vote regardless of whether they
wanted to or not
C. each person to cast only one ballot rather than
the traditional two
D.each legislative district within a state to have
the same number of eligible voters so that
representation would be equitable
E. each person to be taxed every time they voted in
a local or state, but not federal, election
• The principle of “one man-one vote” and
Baker v. Carr (1962)
• Gerrymandering and the state legislature
• Line item veto power of governor over budget
• Rule of Inclusion (state courts enforcing fed
laws in times of conflicting statutes)
CRIMINAL POWERS OF GOVERNOR
• 1. Pardon
• 2. Commute
• 3. Parole
• 4. Extradite
State Legislatures
• Most powerful state
entity
• Have become
professional (full
time, salaried)
• Bicameral except
for Nebraska
• Only fifteen states
have term limits
To Learning Objectives
STATE LEGISLATURE ISSUES
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. Term limits
2. Direct Initiative (people do it all)
3. InDirect Initiative ( leg. “lets” people vote)
4. Recall petitions
5. Referendums
6. Judicial selections (merit, appointment,
vote)
What does the inclusionary principal suggest?
A.All citizens should be included in the decision
making process at the state and local level.
B.All legislators should be included in every
legislative session regardless of legal status.
C.Judges require all witnesses related to a case
to testify in front of a grand jury.
D.When state laws conflict with federal laws,
states are obliged to enforce the federal law.
What does the inclusionary principal suggest?
A.All citizens should be included in the decision
making process at the state and local level.
B.All legislators should be included in every
legislative session regardless of legal status.
C.Judges require all witnesses related to a case
to testify in front of a grand jury.
D.When state laws conflict with federal laws,
states are obliged to enforce the federal law.
To Learning Objectives
Local Governments and Municipalities
• 1. Dillon’s Rule (municipality derives power
from state legislatures exclusively)
• 2. Non-Partisan elections (no party on ballot)
• 3. Political Machines
• 4. Municipal Charters
• 5. Counties
What is one reason why Republicans made large
gains in state elections from 1994 to 2000?
A. The marketing strategies became more
sophisticated with the help of professional
marketing companies.
B. The liberal ideologies that Democrats had
been espousing since the 1960s became
dated and out of touch with the average “hard
working/real” American.
C. Republicans found charismatic leadership in
their new House Majority leader Newt
Gingrich.
D. Southern voters who had been voting for
conservative Democrats began voting for
conservative Republicans.
What is one reason why Republicans made large
gains in state elections from 1994 to 2000?
A.The marketing strategies became more
sophisticated with the help of professional
marketing companies.
B. The liberal ideologies that Democrats had been
espousing since the 1960s became dated and
out of touch with the average “hard
working/real” American.
C. Republicans found charismatic leadership in
their new House Majority leader Newt
Gingrich.
D.Southern voters who had been voting for
conservative Democrats began voting for
conservative Republicans.
Indian Issues
• 1. Domestic Dependant Nations (rely on Fed
government for tribal authority)
• 2. Reservation Lands (designated by treaty)
• 3. Trust Lands (owned outright by Indians who
acquired it by purchase)
• **Both state and property tax exempt in most
cases**
State Monetary Issues
• 1. Must have balanced budgets every year
• 2. Rely primarily on income, property, and sale
taxes for revenue
• 3. Growth of lotteries and gambling as
revenue sources
• 4. Approx. ¼ of budget revenue from Fed.Govt
• 5. Progressive, Proportional, Regressive Taxes
• 6. Schools and the Finance Issue
What are the sources of state and local
government revenue?
Federal dollars have come in handy for states in
recent years due to stiffer requirements for what?
A. Enhanced security
B. Drunk driving laws
C. Parks and recreation services
D. Gun laws
E. Voter rights laws
Federal dollars have come in handy for states in
recent years due to stiffer requirements for what?
A. Enhanced security
B. Drunk driving laws
C. Parks and recreation services
D. Gun laws
E. Voter rights laws