Diabetes Management in
School:
A Training for TEAM Charter
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What is Diabetes?
In diabetes:
Body does not make insulin
Insulin is needed to:
Move glucose from blood into cells for energy
If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results:
Energy levels are low
Dehydration
Complications
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Diabetes Management
Constant Juggling - 24/7
Insulin/
medication
BG
with:
Physical
activity
BG
and
Food
intake
BG
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Hypoglycemia: Risks & Complications
•
Early recognition and intervention can prevent an
emergency
•
Greatest immediate danger
•
Not always preventable
•
Impairs cognitive and motor functioning
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Hypoglycemia: Possible Causes
•
Too much insulin
•
Too little food or delayed meal or snack
•
Extra/unanticipated physical activity
•
Illness
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Hypoglycemia: Prevention
• Eating
at every meal and before vigorous
activity
• Checking
blood glucose before each meal and
when showing signs of hypoglycemia
• Keep
a quick-acting sugar source with the
student. ALWAYS.
• Treat
at onset of symptoms
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Hypoglycemia: Possible Signs & Symptoms
Mild Symptoms
Hunger
Sleepiness
Shakiness
Irritability
Weakness
Sweating
Paleness
Anxiety
Blurry vision
Dilated pupils
Increase heart rate or palpitations
Moderate to Severe Symptoms
Yawning
Irritability/frustration
Confusion
Restlessness
Extreme tiredness/fatigue
Dazed appearance
Unconsciousness/coma
Seizures
Inability to swallow
Sudden crying
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What to do for Mild Hypoglycemia (student
is able to swallow):
Intervene promptly:
•
Check blood glucose if meter is available.
•
If no meter is available, treat immediately with sugar, on
the spot.
•
NEVER send a student with suspected low blood
glucose anywhere alone
•
When in doubt, always treat. If untreated may progress
to more serious events.
•
Consider “Rule of 15”
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“Rule of 15”
General guidelines:
•
Have student eat or drink fast acting sugars (15g)
•
Check blood glucose 15 minutes after treatment
•
If 80 or greater, return to class
•
If less than 80, repeat treatment
•
If symptoms continue, call parent/guardian per plan
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Good Sources of Sugar for Blood
Sugar Less than 80:
Treatment for Lows: 15 g Carbohydrate
•
•
•
•
•
•
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4 oz. fruit juice (1 juice box)
15 g. glucose tablets (3-4 tablets)
4-6 small hard candies
15 gummy bears
3 tsp. table sugar (3 sugar packets)
One-half tube of cake frosting
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Blood Glucose Monitoring
• Blood Glucose Monitoring Video
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What to do for Severe Hypoglycemia
(child cannot swallow):
• Designate someone to call 911
• Administer Glucagon Injection
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What Is Glucagon?
•
Naturally occurring hormone made in the
pancreas
•
A life-saving, injectable hormone, that raises
blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to
release stored glucose
•
Treatment for severe hypoglycemia
•
Life-saving, cannot harm a student –
cannot overdose
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How to Administer Glucagon
• Glucagon Video
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What would you do?
• You see the student sitting in her desk with a
dazed look on her face. It is cold, yet she is
sweating. What would you do?
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What would you do?
• You are outside at recess when you notice
the student sitting on a bench, slumped over.
You walk over to check on her, and she is
unresponsive. What would you do?
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Any Questions???
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