American Civ. 10
CHAPTER 21
Name: _________________________
STUDY GUIDE
SCORE: _______/25 pts
Section 1
Main Idea –

Nixon won the 1968 election by appealing to a “silent majority” of Americans.
.

- Americans who supported the government and longed
for an end to country’s violence/turmoil. Also called “Middle America”.

- Nixon’s efforts to attract Southerners to the Republican Party,
including taking steps to slow desegregation.
 ______________________- Nixon’s foreign policy advisor.

– Nixon’s plan to reduce federal government and
increase power of state and local governments. Congress passed a series of revenue-sharing
bills that granted federal funds to state and local agencies to use.

– Gradual withdrawal of American troops in Vietnam
while So. Vietnamese were trained to defend themselves

- Relaxation of tensions between United States and
its two major Communist rivals, Soviet Union and China.


– High level diplomatic meeting.
– Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. A plan to
limit nuclear arms signed by Soviet Union and United States.
Section 2
Main Idea –



Tactics used by Nixon’s supporters to ensure his reelection in 1972, led to the Watergate scandal.
_______
- 5 men had broken into the DNC (Democratic National Committee)
office in the Watergate office/apartment complex to steal sensitive campaign
information and place wiretaps on the office telephone.
________
- Democratic challenger to Nixon for the presidency.

– Nixon used this in order to avoid turning over Watergate
tapes by claiming the tapes contained would compromise national security.

– Member of Nixon’s White House inner circle who
leveled allegations against Nixon.
1
American Civ. 10
CHAPTER 21
STUDY GUIDE

SCORE: _______/25 pts
- Government lawyer appointed by Nixon to handle the
Watergate cases. Tried to force Nixon to give up the tapes.


Name: _________________________
_______
–Firing of Archibald Cox , resignation of Elliot Richardson.
– Law enacted to limit campaign contributions
and established an independent agency to administer stricter laws.
Section 3
Main Idea –

In the 1970’s, Americans had to face a slowing economy and an end to plentiful, cheap energy.

– The loss of value of money.

– Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. A cartel dominated by
Arab countries. This group decided to use oil as a political weapon in 1973.

– Prohibit the shipment of petroleum to countries that supported Israel.

– Combination of inflation and a stagnant economy with high unemployment.

____ – Meeting of leaders of NATO and Warsaw Pact recognized the borders
of Eastern Europe established at the end of WWII. Soviets agreed to uphold basic
human rights, such as the right to move across national borders.

– Historic peace treaty between Israel and Egypt. Meeting held at
Camp David, MD. , U.S. presidential retreat.

– President Carter transferred control of this area to Panama in 1999.
The U.S. had built and operated it for 60 years

– Nov. 1979, Iranian revolutionaries stormed the American embassy
in Tehran and took 52 Americans as hostages. Rescued 444 days later.
Section 4
Main Idea –


During the 1960’s and 1970’s, African Americans built on the civil rights achievements
of the 1950’s to advance their social, political and legal status.
– 1971 court case which upheld constitutionality
of busing students to achieve integration in education.
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American Civ. 10
CHAPTER 21
STUDY GUIDE
Name: _________________________
SCORE: _______/25 pts

– Called for companies, schools, and institutions doing business
with the federal government to recruit African Americans with the hope this
would lead to improved social & economic status.

– White applicant who was denied admittance to Univ. of CA.
medical school. Sued college on basis of discrimination of his race.

– Organized by African American members of Congress to more
clearly represent their concerns as legislatures.


– Founding member of Congressional Black Caucus.
First African American woman elected to Congress.

– Staged symbolic protest in 1969 by occupying abandoned
federal prison on Alcatraz Island for Native American rights.

– Site of killing of many Sioux by U.S. troops in 1890.
Protest by AIM in 1973 for 70 days.

– law denying discrimination to individuals with disabilities..
Section 5
Main Idea –


Concerns about the effects of a deadly pesticide, the visible signs of pollution in
American cities and an influential book inspired a movement to protect the environment.
– Marine biologist who wrote the book “Silent Spring” about the
harmful effects of pesticides, especially DDT.

– Fog made heavier and darker by smoke and chemical fumes.

– Day in April devoted to addressing environmental concerns.

– Environmental Protection Agency, sets and enforces pollution standards,
promotes research, and directs anti-pollution activities with state & local governments.

– Housing development near Niagara Falls, NY which was built over
a toxic waste dump, causing residents to become sick and also caused birth defects.

– Natural sources of generating energy such as coal, oil and
natural gas which are limited in supply.

– Nuclear facility outside of Harrisburg, PA which overheated
after its cooling system failed.
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