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POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION,
ONE HEALTH COURSE
Introduction
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
MODULE COMPETENCIES
• Competency #1
• Identify and understand the role of and policies enacted by
international agencies that address One Health issues.
• Competency #2
• Identify and under the role of and policies enacted by
national ministries/agencies that affect One Health issues
• Competency #3
• Advocate for a policy that address One Health issues.
• Competency #4
• Analyze the effect of regional and local policies,
economics, and culture on One Health issues.
MODULE OVERVIEW
Time/Length
Topic/Activity
30 Minutes
Introduction
120 Minutes
Policies, Regulations, Guidelines, Procedures, Position Papers: Definitions and
International Organizations that Create Them
60 Minutes
Anatomy of an International/Inter-Governmental Policy
60 Minutes
Analyzing WHO, OIC and FAO Policies, Regulations, Guidelines and Policy Papers
150 Minutes
Discovering National Policies
90 Minutes
Becoming an Advocate for One Health Policies
90 Minutes
Policy Advocacy in Action
60 Minutes
Advanced Policy, Advocacy and Regulation (recommended for graduate
students)
30 Minutes
Learning Reflections and Evaluation
Policies, Regulations, Guidelines, Procedures,
Position Papers: Definitions and the
International Organizations that Create Then
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
Policies
Policies
Regulations
Policies
Regulations
Guidelines
Policies
Regulations
Standards
Guidelines
Policies
Regulations
Standards
Processes
Guidelines
Procedures
Policies
Regulations
Standards
Processes
Guidelines
Procedures
AND POSITION PAPERS
are an essay or paper that presents an opinion about
an issue, typically that of a recognized expert or
organization.
INTERNATIONAL/INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
that create policies, regulations, guidelines,
standards, procedures, position papers…
• WHO - World Health Organization
• OIE – World Organization for Animal health
• FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
FAO-OIE-WHO form a tripartite to address
human-animal-ecosystems interfaces
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
• Do WHO, OIE and FAO have One Health policies?
Do they use a One Healht approach? Why do you
think they do or do not use a One Health
approach?
• How would a One Health approach benefit these
organizations?
Anatomy of an International/InterGovernmental Regulation
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
Section
Table of Contents
Forward
Revisions
Part I: Definitions, purpose and scope,
principles and responsibilities
Part II. Information and public health response
Part III. Recommendations
Part IV. Points of entry
Part V. Public health measures
Part VI. Health documents
Part VII. Charges
Part VIII. General provisions
Part IX. IHR Experts and committee members
Part X. Final provisions
Annexes
Appendices
How would the IHR be
adapted/expanded to
include the humananimal-ecological
interface to prevent and
control the spread of
emerging pandemic
threats?
NOW YOU TRY IT…
• Find and analyze another policy, regulation or guideline from either
WHO, IOC, FAO or another international/inter-governmental
organization
• Prepare a five-minute presentation on the policy, regulation or guideline:
• If the organization is not WHO, IOC or FAO, give a short overview of the
organization
• Why you selected the organization and the policy?
• Purpose of the policy, regulation or guideline.
• Highlights of the policy, regulation or guideline.
• How does the If the policy, regulation or guideline represents a One Health
perspective? Please highlight the relevant features.
• How could the policy, regulation or guideline be amended or revised to better
use One Health perspective? Explain how it could be revised and expanded to
address the human-animal-ecological interface.
Analyzing WHO, OIE and FAO Policies,
Regulations, Guidelines and Policy
Papers
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
IN YOUR GROUP…
5 Minutes
20 Minutes
for each to give an overview of their findings.
for the group to discuss
 How do the policies, regulations or procedures in
group complement each other?
 Are there inconsistences across the policies,
regulations or procedures?
 How does/would a One Health perspective
strengthen the policy, procedures or regulations?
WHAT DID YOU FIND?
• Did any of the policies, regulations or guidelines take a One Health
perspective? If so, what were the advantages of this perspective? If not,
how would you modify the policy, regulation or guideline to achieve a
One Health perspective?
• Did you find that the policies, regulations, guidelines had areas of
overlap? Did they complement each other? Or were there differences
across the policies, regulations or guidelines?
• How would you address the differences?
• As a One Health Practitioner, how would you address the differences
among policies, regulations or guidelines established by international
entities? In what scenario might this play out?
• Do any of the existing policies promote prevention and response efforts
to emerging pandemic threats? Could a One Health perspective
improve the policies?
Discovering National Policies
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
IDENTIFY THE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
THAT HAVE POLICIES ON
•
•
•
•
•
Agriculture
Animal Health (livestock, vermin, pets, wildlife)
Protection the environment
Public health
Wildlife
IDENTIFY THE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
THAT HAVE POLICIES ON
• Agriculture
• Animal Health
• Protection of the environment
• Public health
• Wildlife
Then identify
• Each group will take one category and identify two or three national
policies in that category
• Stakeholders affected by the each policy
• If the policy, regulation, or guideline takes a One Health perspective
integrating human-animal-ecological health.
SHARE WITH THE GROUP
• One or two national level
policies
• Stakeholders affected by the
policy
• If the policy, regulation, or
guideline takes a One Health
perspective integrating humananimal-ecological health.
Policies for:
 Agriculture
 Animal Health
 Protection of the
environment
 Public health
 Wildlife
Becoming an Advocate for
One Health Policies
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
WHY IS POLICY ADVOCACY
IMPORTANT?
A SARA study sponsored by USAID found that policy
change comes from:
Advocacy
Identifying
Problems
Finding
Solutions
WHAT IS POLICY ADVOCACY?
“Policy advocacy is any effort to influence public
policy by providing information, speaking to decision
makers, demonstrating benefits for policy change
and other such activities that encourage the
adoption. of the desired policy change.”
from Genesee County Health Department
Advocacy involves
Awareness raising,
communications, and media
work
Communication for
behaviour change
Developing
partnership/coaliations/allian
ces
Lobbying and negotiating
Campaigning
Research/publication
Social mobilitation
Conferences/events
Particularly when it is geared to..
Deliver persuasive, evidence-based and solutionoriented messages to public. Decision-makers,
stakeholders and those who influence them
Create an enabling environment for effective
implantation of policy changes
Generate organizational support and momentum
behind issues, connect messengers with decisionmakers, and to achieve common advocacy
One-on-one discussions with decision-makers to
influence them to change policy, practice, or
behavior
Create and mobilize the public around the
advocacy issue
Illustrate the underlying causes and solutes to a
problem, and draw recommendations that can
be address by decision-makers and stakeholders
Engage multiples levels of society, including those
who are marginalized, as allies and partners in
overcoming barriers to implementation of
programs
Bring together a variety of stakeholders and
decision-makers to highlight the causes and
identify the solutions to the issues, with follow-up
that includes concrete and immediate action
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A
POLICY
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
Assess the environment
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
Identify key stakeholders
and partners
Assess the environment
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
Develop a communication
strategy
Identify key stakeholders
and partners
Assess the environment
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
Craft key messages
Develop a communication
strategy
Identify key stakeholders
and partners
Assess the environment
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE
FOR A POLICY
ADVOCATE
Craft key messages
Develop a communication
strategy
Identify key stakeholders
and partners
Assess the environment
Identify issues
BEYOND FORMAL POLICY CHANGE
• Who can effectively
implement the policy
change without official
action?
• How can you reach these
people and help them make
the change?
• Would they join your
advocacy effort to change
the official policy?
Picture from xyzuniversity.com
ADVOCACY ASSIGNMENT
• Write a letter or a press release or create a poster to
advocate for a One Health related issue that you
feel needs policy support.
Use “How to Make Your Point with Government” or the “How Do Journalists
Work” in the reference section in the student’s guidebook to learn more about
how to write a letter to a government decision-maker or how to write a press
release.
Policy Advocacy in Action
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
INSTRUCTIONS
• Each group is to assume their role
and advocate for their constituency
Assignments:
• Assignment is for the entire group to
reach consensus on a national Bat
Control/Management policy.
2. Ministry of Health
• Share the schedule:
• 30 minutes for groups to prepare
• 30 minutes role play in which they
must come to consensus on a policy
1. Environmental NGOs -Bat
Conservation International,
World Wildlife Fund
3. Ministry of Commerce and
Tourism
4. Ministry of Agriculture/ Fruit
Crop Growers
5. Ministry of Natural Resources
6. Indigenous
Population/Guano harvesters
Conflict in Atangua
Atangua is an island nation that is located 20 miles offshore of Malindo. It is known for its
natural beauty because it is covered with rainforests and encircled by mangroves. It
has several indigenous groups that subsist on forest and sea products. There are two
urban centers that are growing. Industries on the island include tourism, fisheries, flower
production, mango production, and guano mining.
As a result of recent fires in the tropical rainforest, some bats have begun eat mangos in
the mango orchards. Irate farmers have begun shooting at the bats to discourage
them from eating the mangos. Bats are protected species and only indigenous
populations are allowed to hunt for rituals. Bats play an important role in pollinating and
seed dispersal for rainforest trees.
Among the indigenous population, fruit bats are considered sacred. They consume the
fruit bats as part of religious ceremonies. They also harvest guano as a source of
income.
Recently a developer is proposing to build a high-end luxury resort within the rainforest.
An outbreak of Nipah virus has occurred on the mainland. It has occurred among
people who harvest and consume date palms sap. Date palm beverages are
consumed widely among the population of Atangua.
The tourism bureau is afraid that the fear of Nipah virus will discourage tourist from
coming to the island. The resort developer is threatening to not build the resort unless
bats are removed from a 10 square mile radius from the resort area.
The Governor has assembled a group of committee to come up with a national policy
to address the bat management issue.
REMEMBER, YOUR ASSIGNMENT IS ...
• To represent your group
• AND for the group to reach consensus on a national
Bat Control/Management policy
WHAT DO YOU THINK
• What happened?
• How do you feel?
• What was the result…were you able to successfully
reach consensus on a policy?
• If so, what made the group effective
• If not, why not? What made the group ineffective?
NOW WHAT DO YOU THINK
Individual Reflection:
• What did you learn about yourself?
• What would you do differently next time?
Module Review
POLICY, ADVOCACY, AND REGULATION
ONE HEALTH COURSE
ONE THING..
• That you liked/felt was a strength of the module.
• That you would suggest we change.
Thank you.