Muscular System
Latin Root Words
Latin Root Word
Definition
Sarco
Muscle
Myo
Muscle
Epi-
Above
Peri-
Around
Endo-
Inside
-Um
Structure
Fascia
Band
Mere
Part
Reticulum
Net
-ase
Enzyme
Synergy
working together
Agonist
Prime mover
Antagonist
Working against
Tissue Review
Primary purpose of Muscles?
Movement
Tissue Review
Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth
The Muscles:
Each muscle is an organ comprised of skeletal
Muscle
Connective tissue coverings,
_________tissue,
several ___________
Nervous
Blood to
_______ tissue to cause it to contract, and ______
nourish it.
Example Question: Muscles are organs that are composed of what types of tissues?
• Connective Tissue Coverings:
A muscle has several dense connective coverings.
Layers of dense connective tissue, called ________,
Fascia
surround and separate each muscle. This connective
tissue extends beyond the ends of the muscle and gives
Tendon that are fused to the periosteum
rise to cord like ________
of bones.
Sometimes muscles are connected to each other by broad
aponeurosis
sheets of connective tissue called ____________________
Aponeurosis
• Connective Tissue Coverings:
Under the outer layer another layer of connective tissue
around each whole muscle is called the
epimysium (above the muscle)
___________________________
Perimysium (around the muscle) surrounds
The ____________________________
individual bundles of muscle fibers called ___________
Fascicles
within each muscle
Each muscles cell (fiber) is covered by a connective tissue
Endomysium (inside the muscle)
layer called _______________________
Bone
Epimysium
Epimysium
Perimysium
Tendon
Endomysium
Fascicle
Perimysium
Endomysium
Muscle Fiber
Fascicle
Perimysium
• Skeletal Muscle Fibers Structure
The muscle fiber membrane is called the
Sarcolemma
___________________ which contains the cytoplasm
sarcoplasm
called _________________.
Within the sarcoplasm are many parallel
Myofibrils
____________________composed
of smaller filaments
and Thin Filaments
called Thick
____________________.
These myofilaments are actually two types of filaments,
a thicker filament composed of the protein
myosin
_____________
and a thinner mostly made of the
protein _____________.
actin
Bone
Tendon
Fascia
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium
Nucleus
Fascicle
Nerve
B.V.
Sarcoplasmic
Reticulum
Myofibril
Muscle Fiber
Sarcolemma
Actin (Thin)
Myosin (Thick)
• Skeletal Muscle Fibers Structure
A bands and the light
The dark stripes are called ___
I bands
bands are called ______________.
Sarcomere
A _______________
is defined as a unit extending from
Z line
one __________
line to the next (center of the light
band.)
Skeletal Muscle Fiber
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Actin
Sarcomere
Myosin
Myofirbril
H zone
I Band
Z Line
A Band
M Linke
A Band
I Band
I Band
H Zone
Z line
I Band
M line
A Band
Z line
I Band
Sarcomere Anatomy
• I Band = Light, Thin Actin Filaments only
• A Band = Dark, Thick Myosin Filaments and Thin
Actin Filaments
• Z line = I band (actin filaments) connect to Z line
• H Zone = Thick Myosin Filaments only
• M Line = Thickening in the H zone
Muscle Identification
• Use the text book to label the muscles in your
packet.
• You will need to begin memorizing these muscles.
• Page 188 - 199