SPANGLISH

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SPANGLISH

An Example of Bilingualism

Hablo un mix de los dos languagés

Spanglish

A short Spanglish conversation:

Anita:

Mark:

"Hola, good morning, como estás?"

"Good, y tú?"

Anita: morning."

"Todo bien. Pero tuve problemas parqueando mi carro this

Mark: time".

"Sí, I know. Siempre hay problemas parqueando in la area at this

What’s going on…

Code-switching - moving from one language to another in normal conversation (it is very important to honor you abuelitas (grandparents)"

Borrowing - the adaptation of an English word into a Spanish form ("Quiero parquear el coche")

Direct translation - translation of an expression directly into Spanish using English syntax ("Te

llamo para atrás" for "I’ll call you back")

Phonetic translation - the children’s cold remedy

'Vick’s VaporRub' affectionately becomes

"bibaporú"

Where….

Varieties

Tex-mex (or Chicano):

Mexican-based in Texas

Cubonics: Cuban-based in

Florida

Newyorican: Puerto Ricobased in New York

A sampling of Spanglish

A Selection of Spanglishaeróbica

(ay-RO-bi-ka) -- dynamic female. averaje (a-ve-RAH-je) -- average. boila (BOY-lah) -- heating appliance, boiler. carpeta (kar-PE-tah) -- carpet. chopin (TCHO-peen) -- 1.Shopping center mall. 2. n., going shopping. deiof (dey-OF) -- day off. frizer (FREE-zer) -- refrigerator. grocear (gro-SEAR) -- to acquire groceries. jonrón (khon-RON) -- home run. lonche (LONCHE) -- 1. midday meal. 2. food served to guests at event.

marqueta (mar-ke-tah) -- supermarket. pari (PA-ree) -- a party. ruki (ROOH-kee) -- novice.

From Spanglish: The Making of a New

American Language (Rayo, an imprint of

HarperCollins)

Spanishization – Phonological adaptation

Final C dropping

Fast food  fas foo [fas fu]

C softening

[p h en]  [pen]

[kuba]  [ kubHa ]

Final nasal substitution ([m]  [n])

Steam [stim]  [estin]

Initial schwa insertion in [s]C

Speak  espeak

(Complete) labialization of [v]

Venezuela  [benezuela]

Defricativization of [ š]

Shopping  chopping

WHY???

Spanishization – Morphological adaptation

Spanish Verbalizer in English verbs

Hang out  hangear (-ar & -ear are Spanish verbalizers)

Lunch

 lonchar

Spanish nominalizers in English verbs

Leak

 likeo (or liqueo) –eo/-ero:Spanish nominalizers

Park

 parkeo

Holdup(pers)

 joldoperos

Spanish inflection for English words

Latin(girl or boy)

Latina/Latino (-a/-o mark gender)

(It could also be considered a pure borrowing)

Englishization – Is also possible

‘ embarkated ’

(a Spanish word ‘ embarcar ’ or ‘let

someone down’, is inflected with

English morphology)

Reasons for this type of bilingualism

Cultural identity

Naturalness

Language gaps

English is concise and efficient

Spanish has sabrosura, flavor

(Clark, p. 486)

Informality (humor & creativity)

Social status

Assimilation or Acculturation?

Silvana Paternostro: Let’s take that argument a little bit further. If they don’t learn [English], they also will not follow the rules of what being an

American means?

Ilan Stavans*: Right. English is the great equalizer.

Through language comes education, through language comes political participation, language becomes the way of being and of dreaming, and all that, and then the “I love you, America.” And that is not happening.

* author of Spanglish: The Making of A New American Language

Accommodating

Acculturation – cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture; also : a merging of cultures as a result of prolonged contact

Not Assimilation – to absorb into the culture or mores of a population or group

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