Bio 9D: Thursday, 12.9.10
Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System
Silent Do Now (in NB w/ title and date)
 Sketch this image into
your notebook
 Write down what you
think it is
 Write a description of
how it is structured
When finished, take out your
stapled lab report and put
it on your desk.
Bio 9D: Thursday, 12.9.10
Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System


Homework:
Read pages 956-960 in (first half of section 37.3)
In notebook, answer questions on back of Assign. Sheet
(Notebooks collected tomorrow!)
Today’s Objective:


Identify patterns of different structures in nature in order to
connect structures with functions.
Agenda:
Observation Exercise: Patterns in Nature
 Clicker Review Questions

Rules for Observations Exercise


You will be drawing and writing in your notebook
based on prompts on the slides
For each image, you will:
 Silently
draw and write (2 min)
 Talk w/ a partner (1 min)
 Listen and raise hand to participate in class discussion
(2 min) (We will start at this step for Image 1, which
you drew during the Do Now)
Image 1:
What do you think this is?
Describe its structure…
Image 2: Sketch it into your notebook.
What do you think this is?
Describe how it is structured.
Reflect on the First Two Images
Why do you think these first two objects are
structured or “designed” the way they are?
Images 3 and 4:
• What similarities do you notice between these two
images?
• Why do you think these similarities exist?
• What do you think these things are (hint: they are not the
same thing)?
X-ray image of a lung!
Satellite image of a river delta!
Let’s look at some other patterns…
Why do trees have leaves?
Clicker Review Questions


Take out your clicker
Take out the Cell Membrane Review Q’s if you
didn’t turn them in yesterday
1. If a cell can’t regulate the passage of
water, food, and wastes in/out of the cell,
which structure is defective?
90%
A. Cell Wall
B. Chloroplasts
C. Cell Membrane
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
5%
A.
5%
B.
0%
C.
D.
2. What is the function of active transport?
A. Packaging proteins for
export from the cell
B. Distributing enzymes
throughout the cytoplasm
C. Moving substances against a
concentration gradient
D. Equalizing the concentration
of water inside and outside
the cell
86%
10%
5%
0%
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. Why would an animal cell swell up and
burst when it is placed in pure water?
A. Active transport
95%
B. Enzyme activity
C. Osmosis
D. Respiration
5%
A.
0%
B.
0%
C.
D.
5. Which diagram best represents osmosis?
A A.
B.
C
C.
D.
D
B
55%
35%
10%
0%
A.
B.
C.
D.
6. Which process is illustrated in the diagram?
A. Active transport
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Passive filtration
38%
33%
29%
0%
Fastest Responders (in seconds)
4.13
Owen Thurston
7.33
10.44
19.78
Samantha Bergman
Lorreno Pierre
Warren Jackson
31.53
Loveng Francois
Participant Scores
5
Owen Thurston
5
5
5
Samantha Bergman
Davnys Policard
Courtney Ertilien
4
Lorreno Pierre
Bio 9D: Friday, 12.10.10
Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions

Homework:



Double Block
NONE  - Enjoy the weekend
Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ title and date)
 What is the function of the respiratory system?
 How does this relate to cell respiration?
Today’s Objectives:

Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how
they relate to each other

Explain the processes of breathing and gas exchange
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
PHA Biology 9
Moretti and Dickson
Agenda
Respiratory System: Structures and Functions
Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block)
• Complications of the Respiratory System
•
Purpose of the Respiratory System



Transport O2 from the air into
the bloodstream
Release CO2 from the
bloodstream into the air
Link to CELL RESPIRATION:
 Cells
need O2 for cell respiration
to make ATP
 Cells release CO2 as a waste
product from cell resp.
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
How the Internal Organs Fit Together
Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs
Front View
Back View
Images: http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/270177
Structures of the Respiratory System
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:


Mouth & Nose:
 Air enters the body; gets moistened/filtered
Trachea (aka windpipe):
 The main airway to the lungs.
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:

Lungs:


Main organs of the respiratory
system where gas exchange
takes place.
Bronchi:
Tubes that branch off from
trachea.
 One major bronchi for each lung
that branches into smaller and
smaller “bronchioles” in the lung
Major Bronchi
Branching

Smaller
Bronchioles
Branching in
the lung
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:

Alveoli:
 Tiny
air sacs at the ends of the bronchioles where gas
exchange takes place. Look like GRAPES!
 Surrounded by a network of capillaries – tiny blood
vessels that trade O2 and CO2 with alveoli
Structures of the Respiratory System:
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Agenda
Respiratory System: Structures and Functions
Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block)
• Complications of the Respiratory System
•
Complications of the Respiratory System

6 Groups:
 Smoking (use pg. 961-963 in book)
 Pneumonia
 Cystic Fibrosis
 Bronchitis
 Asbestos
 Asthma
Complications of the Respiratory System

Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4:




Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups:



Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it
to the other students in your group.
In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by
modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung.
In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how
it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects
the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms).
Each person shares the information from their issue
As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and
contrasting that issue to their own.
Task III - Individually:

Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine
their similarities and differences
Complications of the Respiratory System

Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: (15 min)
 Research one complication of the respiratory system and
be able to describe it to the other students in your
group.
 In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the
respiratory system by modifying and annotating the
diagram of the lung.
 In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of
your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the
respiratory system, and describe how it effects the
function of the respiratory system (you can think of these
as symptoms).
Complications of the Respiratory System


Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different
groups: (25 Min)
 Each person shares the information from their issue
 As each person presents, all other group members should
be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own.
Task III – Individually (15 Min)
 Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system
complications to determine their similarities and
differences
Bio 9A: Monday, 12.13.10
Title: Breathing & Gas Exchange

Homework:
 Study
for tomorrow’s quiz by answering the questions on Study
Guide (back of Assignment Sheet)

Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ title & date)
Write today’s title & date in your notebook
 Get a balloon and, without stretching it, try to inflate it.
 Observe what your body is doing to inflate the balloon.
 Write down at least 3 observations in your notebook.


Today’s Objectives:
Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.
 Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange
in the lungs.

Agenda & Announcements
• Balloon Exercise - Debrief
• Notes: Breathing and Gas Exchange
• Breath-Holding Exercise & Debrief
Extra-Credit Opportunity!
Teach class on Wednesday –
• Must do Tuesday night’s HW tonight
• Must meet w/ Dickson during lunch on Tuesday
Today’s Objectives:
 Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.
 Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange
in the lungs.
Two Important Processes in the
Respiratory System:
(Don’t need to write this down – just a preview)


Breathing – controlled by the
diaphragm
Gas exchange – happens in the
alveoli
Today’s Objectives:
 Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.
 Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange
in the lungs.
Breathing
Diaphragm:
•A large flat muscle
that controls breathing
•Located at the bottom
of the chest cavity
Today’s Objectives:
 Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.
The Process of Breathing
Inhaling:
Diaphragm contracts & lowers
2. Volume of lungs increases (partial vacuum)
3. Air rushes in (through mouth/nose, trachea,
bronchi, to alveoli) to fill the space
1.
Exhaling:
Diaphragm relaxes & bends upward
2. Volume of lungs decreases
3. Air is forced out (from alveoli through bronchi, trachea, mouth/nose)
Today’s Objectives:
1.
 Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.
Quick Activity – Holding Your Breath

Hold your breath for as long as you can (on my start)
While you are holding your breathe, observe what happens
to your body the longer you try not to breathe.
Record these observations in your notebook.
•
•
•

•
Quick Activity – “Holding your Breath”:
Debrief:
What did you observe about your body as you tried
to hold your breath?
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
The Process of Gas Exchange
Alveoli
Blood w/ little
O2
(air sacs at ends of
branches in lungs)
Capillary
(tiny blood vessel)
O2 diffuses into
blood in
capillary
O2
CO2
CO2 diffuses
into alveoli
Blood w/ lots of
O2
The Process of Gas Exchange
Gas exchange – the diffusion of oxygen and carbon
dioxide across cell membranes



Happens in the alveoli of the lungs
Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into
capillaries (tiny blood vessels) and
binds to red blood cells
Carbon dioxide diffuses from
capillaries into alveoli
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
The Process of Gas Exchange



Gas exchange in the lungs needs MAD surface area
for enough O2 and CO2 to diffuse!
Lungs contain 1.3 million alveoli!!
The total surface of all the alveoli would cover half a
tennis court!!