Energy Unit Review Guide - Answers
1-Anaerobic means without _______. Give
another name for anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic means without oxygen. Anaerobic
respiration is also called fermentation.
2-How much ATP is produced from fermentation?
Two ATP’s are produced from the fermentation
process.
3-Where does fermentation occur?
Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.
4-What type of fermentation occurs in plants and
animals? What is the waste product? What are
some practical uses of this type of fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in plants and
animals. Lactic acid is the waste product
produced from this process. Lactic acid is used
in making dairy products and soy sauce.
5-What type of fermentation occurs in bacteria
and yeasts? What are the waste products? List
3 practical uses.
Alcoholic fermentation occurs in bacteria and
yeasts. The waste products of alcoholic
fermentation are carbon dioxide and ethyl
alcohol. These products are used in brewing
beer and wine, as a gasoline additive, and in
baking.
6-What is the purpose of fermentation?
Fermentation is a process by which food
molecules are broken apart to release
their energy. It is very fast and simple but not
very efficient.
7-Describe 3 differences between aerobic
respiration and fermentation.
Aerobic respiration: requires oxygen, occurs in
mitochondria, gives 38 ATP,
slower and more complicated process
Fermentation: does not require oxygen, occurs
in cytoplasm, gives 2 ATP, faster
but less efficient process
8-Aerobic respiration requires the presence of
_______________.
Aerobic respiration requires the presence of
oxygen.
9-What food molecule is used as an energy
source in cellular respiration?
Glucose is the food molecule used as an energy
source in cellular respiration.
10-Where does aerobic respiration occur in the
cell?
Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria
of the cell.
11-Write the balanced equation for cellular
respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------- 6H2O + 6CO2 +
38 ATP
12-How much ATP can be produced from one
molecule of glucose during aerobic
respiration?
38 molecules of ATP can be produced from one
molecule of glucose during
aerobic respiration.
13-What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
The purpose of aerobic respiration is to break
apart food molecules to release
their energy. It is a very efficient but slow
process.
14-Be able to answer questions pertaining to the
cellular respiration lab.
15-Which has more potential energy, ADP or ATP?
ATP has more potential energy than ADP.
16-Write the balanced chemical equation for the
process of photosynthesis.
What are the reactants? What are the
products?
6H2O + 6CO2 + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
The reactants of photosynthesis are water,
carbon dioxide, and light energy, the
products of photosynthesis are glucose and
oxygen.
17-What part of the cell does photosynthesis
occur in?
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of the
cell.
18-What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
The purpose of photosynthesis is for plants to
convert light energy from the sun
into chemical energy (food) which they are
able to use for growth, etc.
19-Name the main pigment of photosynthesis
and describe its function.
Chlorophyll is the main pigment of
photosynthesis; its primary function is to trap
light energy from the sun.
20-List two examples of accessory pigments.
Why are they important?
Carotenes, Xanthophylls, Luteins, &
Anthocyanins are examples of accessory
pigments. Their purpose is to absorb
wavelengths of light missed by chlorophyll
(greens and yellows).
21-Why do leaves change color in the fall?
The fall is characterized by lower light levels
which cause chlorophyll
production to cease and colder temperatures
which destroys chlorophyll
present in the leaf. Once the chlorophyll is
gone, the other pigments present
become visible.
22 -Describe the relationship between the rate of
photosynthesis and the following variables:
 carbon dioxide availability –
 more CO2 = faster photosynthesis
 temperature –
 warmer temperatures = faster
photosynthesis until ~50 degrees Celsius,
at this point the high temperature cause
chlorophyll to break down and
photosynthesis slows down or stops
 light intensity –
 higher intensity = faster photosynthesis
 wavelength (color of light) –
 green = slowest; reds, blues (white) =
fastest
23-The light reaction occurs only in the presence
of _____________.
The light reaction occurs only in the presence of
light.
24-Explain what happens during the light reaction
(be specific)
During the light reaction, water is split. Oxygen
gas is released and Hydrogen
ions are picked up by NADP. The energy
released from the splitting of water is
stored as ATP.
25-The dark reaction is also known as the
_________________________.
The dark reaction is also known as the Calvin
cycle.
26-Explain what happens during the dark
reaction (be specific)
During the dark reaction, carbon dioxide is
absorbed from the air and combined with the
hydrogen ions from the light reaction to form
glucose. The ATP from the light reaction
provides the energy required to carry out this
process .
27-True or False: Cellular respiration occurs at all
times in the plant.
28-True or False: Photosynthesis occurs at a
faster rate than respiration.
29-True or False: Oxygen is given off during the
day only.
30-Why don’t cells store a lot of ATP?
Cells are able to generate ATP very quickly
when needed.