Name __ANN SERKEE__________________________________
Period __________
Part 1: Eisenhower’s 50’s
Answers should be on a separate sheet of paper for this section of the homework.
1. Though Truman and Eisenhower never ran against one another in an election, suppose
they had. For whom would you vote and why?
ANSWERS WILL VARY
2. In actuality, who did Eisenhower run against in 1952? In 1956? Bonus: Who was
Eisenhower’s vice-President?
EISENHOWER RAN AGAINST FORMER ILLINOIS GOVERNOR ADLAI
STEVENSON. EISENHOWER’S VP WAS RICHARD NIXON.
3. *** Why did the suburbs happen? Give the many reasons that met to explain why onethird of the population was living in the suburbs in the 1950s.
THERE ARE SEVERAL REASONS WHY THE SUBURBS HAPPENED: WEALTH
OF THE NATION, MORTGAGES WERE READILY AVAILABLE, THE BABY
BOOM WHICH PRODUCED LARGER FAMILIES, THE CONSTRUCTION OF
HIGHWAYS, MASS-PRODUCED HOUSING, MEDIA’S ENCOURAGEMENT OF
THE SUBURBAN IDEAL, AND CONSUMERISM AND CONFORMITY.
4. The suburbs. Create the typical American family of the 1950s. Name them. Describe
each of them—what they wear, what they look like, what they do for a living or for fun,
etc. Drawings are accepted.
ANSWERS WILL VARY.
5. Consider the many foreign encounters that occurred during the Eisenhower years.
Which—in your opinion—were handled well? Which—in your opinion—were handled
poorly?
ANSWERS WILL VARY.
6. *** Massive retaliation:
a. Explain the concept of massive retaliation.
b. Give two instances where the threat of massive retaliation avoided or shortened
war for the United States.
MASSIVE RETALIATION IS THE WILLINGNESS TO USE ANY FORCE
NECESSARY—EVEN CHUCK NORRIS—TO ACHIEVE A STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVE. THIS CONCEPT WAS USED WITH THE KOREAN WAR AND
WITH THE FORMOSA (TAIWAN) CRISIS.
7. *** The CIA was used actively by the Eisenhower administration.
a. Where was the CIA used?
b. Do you feel it is right, in the interest of national security, for the US to intervene
to overthrow foreign governments?
IN THIS UNIT, WE HAVE SEEN CIA OPERATIONS IN GUATEMALA AND IRAN.
OPINIONS WILL VARY ON THEIR USE.
8. Explain how the battle of Dienbienphu caused the United States to increase its
involvement in Vietnam. Consider WHY the United States increased its involvement
there.
DIENBIENPHU WAS THE “STRAW THAT BROKE FRANCE’S BACK.”
THE DEVASTATING LOSS IN WHAT THE FRENCH THOUGHT WOULD
BE A CONVENTIONAL VICTORY. THE LOSS FORCED THE FRENCH TO
LEAVE. SOMEONE NEEDED TO “HOLD UP THE DOMINO” THAT WAS
VIETNAM. THERE WOULD BE AN INCREASE IN US INVOLVEMENT.
*** Likely topics for essay on the test: suburbs and new look foreign policy.
Part 2: Photo Review
Explain what is happening in each of the pictures below. Be as precise with the details as
possible. Answers can be written directly on here. Also label with #9, #10, #11, and #12 the
location of where these events happened in the United States.
9.
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS. ELIZABETH ECKFORD ON THE FIRST
DAY OF SCHOOL, 1957. PROTESTERS SURROUND SCHOOL; THE
NATIONAL GUARD PREVENTS ECKFORD AND EIGHT OTHER BLACK
STUDENTS FROM ATTENDING.
10
..
GREENSBORO, NC. FOUR STUDENTS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA A&T STAGE A SIT-IN TO DESEGREGATE A
WOOLWORTH’S LUNCH COUNTER.
11
.
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. ROSA PARKS PICTURED ABOVE IS
ARRESTED FOR DISOBEYING SEGREGATED SEATING ON A PUBLIC
BUS.
12
MONEY, MISSISSIPPI. BRYANT’S MEAT MARKET—THE SITE OF
EMMETT TILL’S INTERACTION WITH CAROLYN BRYANT. THE
ENCOUNTER WOULD END SEVERAL DAYS LATER WITH THE
BEATING AND KILLING OF 14 YEAR-OLD EMMETT TILL.
Part 3: International Challenges
Use the following key to answer the following questions:
A. Korea; B. China; C. Vietnam; D. Iran; E. Guatemala; F. Egypt; G. Cuba; H. Soviet Union
13. __H__ Khrushchev comes to power
14. __C__ The Battle of Dienbienphu
15. __D__ Mohammed Mossadegh is ousted by the CIA and replaced by Shah Reza Pahlavi
16. __G__ Castro comes to power
17. __A__ Eisenhower helps end the war there
18. __E__ The United Fruit company is threatened by land re-distribution here
19. __B__ Chiang Kai-Shek threatens invasion
20. __D__; __E__ The CIA was actively used here to set up US-friendly governments (2 answers
21. __H__ Francis Gary Powers’ spy plane is shot down here
22. __C__ This country was divided by the 17th parallel
23. __E__ Jacobo Arbenz was ousted from government because of perceived Communist ties
24. __F__ The Suez Canal became a point of contention here.
25. __H__ This country launched Sputnik in 1957.