Social Studies, Chapter 7: “Comparing the Colonies” (KEY)
MAP of 13 COLONIES
REGION
COLONIES
GEOGRAPHY
New
England
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New Hampshire
rocky soil
plenty of forests
access to sea
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
rich soil
“blue”
Middle
“red”
Southern Maryland
Virginia
“yellow” North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
JOBS
(ECONOMY)
small farms
lumbering
fishing
shipbuilding
trade
farmers of crops
& cattle
sold pork, beef,
wheat, & rye to
other colonies
wonderful
landowners with
climate &
large plantations
geography = cash
crops (tobacco &
rice)
INTERESTING
FACTS
Mostly Puritans
Make English
(Anglican) church
simpler (pure)
Religion strong in
daily life
Strong economy
brought other
Europeans there
= a diverse
population
depended on
indentured
servants & slaves
to work
plantations
Social Studies, Chapter 7: “Comparing the Colonies”
MAP of 13 COLONIES
REGION
New
England
“blue”
Middle
“red”
Southern
“yellow”
COLONIES
GEOGRAPHY
JOBS
(ECONOMY)
INTERESTING
FACTS
Social Studies Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Vocabulary
wor
British
colonial regions
economy
democratic
diverse
indentured
servant
grant
assembly
geography
Another word of my choice:
Sentence from text & page
My definition after reading text and
the glossary entry in the text
Chapter 7, Lesson 3 – Massachusetts: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the Massachusetts Colony: _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 3 – Massachusetts: New England Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
In 1630 = 10 years
Rocky soil
after Pilgrims came, Really cold winters
Puritans formed
that killed insects
Mass. Bay Colony to and germs that
escape mistreatment caused disease
of British
government, so
Very large forests
moved to New
England
Clean water
Job Opportunities
Government
farmed and raised
animals on small
plots of land
More democratic
than either England
or other European
countries
Created colony
based on their
religious beliefs
whalers – used fat for
oil and candles
Leaders made very
strict laws to control
order
cut lumber
fishermen
built trade ships
only male members
of Puritan church
could vote
Elections once a year
Other Facts of
Interest
Pilgrims were a type
of Puritan
Chapter 7, Lesson 4 – Rhode Island: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the Rhode Island Colony: ________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 4 – Rhode Island: New England Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
founded so people
forests
had freedom to
practice all different bays and rivers
kinds of religions
rich soil
harsh winters, but
plenty of rain in
summer for crops
Job Opportunities
Government
fur trappers
Most democratic of
the colonies
fisherman
traders
Other Facts of
Interest
Roger Williams
originally lived in
Mass.
in early years, all
men could vote
He was forced to
leave because he felt
farmers who raised
Later, only men who Church and
animals & grew corn, owned property
government should
tobacco, & beans
could vote
be separated
shipped rum, sugan, voters did NOT have
wool, & beef to New to be members of the
England colonies &
church
West Indies
In 1636, Williams
started a town,
Providence, which
became capital of RI
African slave traders
Rivers made area
great for
transportation and
trading
Chapter 7, Lesson 5 – New York: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the New York Colony: __________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 5 – New York: Middle Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
originally settled by New York Harbor
the Dutch from
Netherlands
Hudson River Valley
(Holland)
Mohawk River Valley
Came to establish
fur-trading posts
iron
Job Opportunities
Government
shipping
Colonists had little
say
trade
miners, lumbermen,
sailors, trappers,
merchants, craftsmen
But English wanted cold winters
farming – wheat,
land so settlers in
corn, vegetables, &
New England could hot, humid summers tobacco
move westward =
captured it in 1664 & long growing seasons
king gave to his
brother, the Duke of
York
powerful governor
who was appointed
by British royalty
Governor appointed
other officials
Governor enforced
laws
Other Facts of
Interest
Some workers were
indentured servants
and African slaves
Chapter 7, Lesson 6 – Pennsylvania: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the Pennsylvania Colony: _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 6 – Pennsylvania: Middle Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
1681 granted to
forests
William Penn as a
place where Quakers Delaware River
could live safely
Valley = rich soil
Penn’s ideas
attracted people
from other countries
and religions
Job Opportunities
Government
farming = dairy
cattle, vegetables ,
corn, wheat
Governor = William
Penn approved by
the king
Rivers
miners, lumbermen,
merchants
Provincial Council
made laws
iron and coal
craftsmen
General Assembly
either accepted or
rejected these laws
cold & snowy winters best “poor man’s”
colony = taxes lower
& no special church
tax
Other Facts of
Interest
Quakers disagreed
with other church’s
beliefs and
ceremonies
Quakers refused to
fight in wars
William Penn jailed
for beliefs
All male property
Penn lived peacefully
owners vote for
with Native
members of assembly Americans & treated
Merchants & farmers
as friends
became wealthy
African slaves
brought, even
though many
Quakers against it
Chapter 7, Lesson 7 – Maryland: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the Maryland Colony: ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 7 – Maryland: Southern Colony (KEY)
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
1634 – started by
hot, steamy summers
Cecilius Calvert to:
Chesapeake Bay split
1) make money
colony in half, but
was a route to sea
2) safe place for
Catholics to practice
religion
Job Opportunities
Government
small farms of
At first, Calvert in
tobacco, corn, wheat, charge of
& fruit trees
government
lumbering, shipping,
fishing,
1638, colony allowed
to have an assembly
raising cattle for beef White men with
and milk
property vote for
assembly members
Some bought & sold
slaves
As non-Catholics
moved in, law passed
Large plantations
that only Catholics
with tobacco grew
could vote and serve
rich
in office
Other Facts of
Interest
Catholics treated
cruelly in England
and some colonies by
non-Catholics and
British government
Climate encouraged
mosquitoes that
carried disease
Plantation work
done by African
slaves and
indentured servants
Chapter 7, Lesson 8 – Georgia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the Georgia Colony: ____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 7, Lesson 8 – Georgia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
started in 1732
Mild winters
because:
hot, humid summers
1) British government
wanted Spanish to
southern part was
stay in Florida to the swampland (low, wet
south
areas)
Job Opportunities
Government
Farming most
important = rice,
indigo, cotton,
tobacco
in beginning, only
rich men who had
started the colony
ran government
trade with Native
Americans
in 1752, control
turned over to the
British king
2) some wealthy
forests in the north
Englishmen wanted cut down and
to help poor people cleared for farmland
from going to
debtor’s prison = Poor
people could support
themselves in
America
craftsmen =
shoemakers,
bricklayers, potters,
blacksmiths
king allowed white
men to elect
assembly
at first, slaves not
permitted, but later
widely used
But, king could stop
any law the assembly
passed
Other Facts of
Interest
Debtors in England
went to jail if they
could not pay their
bills
Indigo plants used to
make blue dye
Social Studies
Chapter 7
Comparing the Colonies
Name: _____________________________________
Questions to Ponder
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Which two colonies are the most alike? In what ways are they similar?
2. Which two colonies are the most different? In what ways are they dissimilar?
3. If you were alive during this period in history, in which colony would you have chosen to live? Why?
4. If you were alive during this period in history, in which colony would you have refused to live? Why?
5. Rank the six colonies discussed in this chapter from the most important to the least important (6 – 1). Give one
reason why you ranked each colony as you did.
6. Why is it important to study this time period in history? Give two reasons with a detailed explanation of each
reason.
7. What is the single most important idea or concept you learned from reading and discussing Chapter 7? Why?
a. Connecticut: Megan, Drew, Karlee
b. New Hampshire: Sammi, Ben, Donny
c. New Jersey: Carter, Olivia B, James
d. Delaware: Tara, Olivia C, Peter
e. Virginia: Kristin, Joey, Ryan
f. North Carolina: Daniel, Nicky, Zach
g. South Carolina: Alyssa, Sydney, Maheen
Virginia: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
mountains
Job Opportunities
farmers
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
Known as “Birthplace
Nation”
My personal thoughts about the Virginia Colony: ____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
North Carolina: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
1585 & 1587 first
group established
colonies on Roanoke
Island
Farmers
Lumbermen
Fishermen
mountaineers
Atlantic Ocean
Rich farmland
Swamps
Hills
Over half state
forests & mountain
Summers hot &
humid
44 inches rainfall
yearly
5 inches of snow
yearly
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the North Carolina Colony: ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Carolina: Southern Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Money for King
Ocean
Forests
Plains
Mountains
Sandy beaches
Subtropical climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
My personal thoughts about the South Carolina Colony: ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Delaware: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Job Opportunities
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
Religious freedom
Fishing
Hunters
Blacksmithing
Lumbering
Shipbuilding
Traders
Governor
Voted on special
taxes
Council
Functioned very well
Accepted all religions
To make their
religion expand
Moderate climate
70 degrees F in
summer
Beaches
Provide ocean access
to Pennsylvania
Rich soil for farming
Enrich themselves
with new land
Rivers
Mild winters
Mountain valleys
Pennsylvania
Propertyship owned
it for 96 years
My personal thoughts about the Delaware Colony: __________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
New Jersey: Middle Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Farming and trade
1664
Rich fertile soil
Job Opportunities
Farming
Merchants
Deep safe harbors for Tradesmen
ships
Fishermen
Government
Other Facts of
Interest
Town clerk
Most people farmers
Coastal plains
Gentle hills
Mountains
Sailors
Schoolteachers
Tavern keepers
Apothecary
Minister
Warm with long
summer seasons
My personal thoughts about the New Jersey Colony: __________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Connecticut: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Thomas Hooker
Mountains
Job Opportunities
Government
Fishermen
Puritans only
Other Facts of
Interest
believed the
government officials Mild summers
had too much power
in England
Cold winters
Farmers
allowed in positions
Shipbuilders
whalers
My personal thoughts about the Connecticut Colony: _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
New Hampshire: New England Colony
Reasons for Founding Geography &
Climate
Religious freedom
Lived by mouth of
Piscataquea River
1623 John Mason
founded
Good soil
Forests
Job Opportunities
Government
Fishing
Lots of governors
Trappers
Other Facts of
Interest
Motto: “Live Free or
Die”
Loggers
Shipbuilders
My personal thoughts about the New Hampshire Colony: ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Criteria for Assessment Paragraphs:
For a grade of “C”: (Just list a few facts in sentences w/no personal thoughts or details)
I really like Colony X because it has cold winters and hot summers. They grew corn,
tobacco, and wheat. I like their government and that men could vote. Colony X has jobs I
like, such as lumberman and fisherman. That’s why I like Colony X.
For a grade of “B”: (More facts listed in sentences, but still not much personal thought or
detail)
I really like Colony X for many reasons. First, it has the perfect climate, cold winters
and hot summers. It has forests so people could be lumbermen and rivers for fishing. They
grew corn and wheat on small farms. Tobacco was grown on small plantations. The government was more democratic than the other colonies. I liked the fact that it was started in 1643
by John Jones as a place to become rich and make a better living than in England. Now you
know why Colony X is for me.
For a grade of “A”: (Facts are written in detailed sentences with personal thoughts about
each)
I would really have liked living in Colony X for many reasons. First, it has the perfect climate
for me. I love cold winters for skiing and sledding. Hot summers are the best for swimming and just
being outdoors. Next, the geography is appealing to me. I think being a lumberman spending my
time in the forests cutting down trees would be fun and healthy. The many rivers would give me the
opportunity to fish and to travel to other colonies. I wouldn’t mind making a living by fishing, trading,
or shipbuilding. In addition, I believe living in a democracy is important, but I don’t like the fact that
only men could vote. My final reason for liking Colony X is because of why it was founded. I believe
every man and woman should have the freedom to choose a job that will give them a better way of
life by having the opportunity to make money as long as they want to work for it. I don’t mind hard work.
Colony X is definitely where I would have lived if I were alive back then.