ORACLE 11g r2 INSTALL ON RHAT 6 x86-64
Applies to:
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.3 to 11.2.0.3 [Release 11.2]
Oracle Server - Standard Edition - Version 11.2.0.3 to 11.2.0.3 [Release 11.2]
Linux x86-64
Purpose
This note explains the requirements that need to be met for a successful installation of Oracle
11gR2 RDBMS release 11.2.0.3 (or higher 11.2.0.x version) on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0 (or
higher 6.x version), 64-bit (x86-64).
It is NOT the purpose of this NOTE to repeat every "how-to" step that is presented in the 11gR2
Installation Guide manual. For example this NOTE does not include how to create the Linux OS
account named "oracle", nor does it cover how to set environment variables. Both are adequately
covered in Chapter 2 "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements" of the 11gR2 Installation
Guide manual.
You can download the 11.2.0.3 software from My Oracle Support (patch 10404530)
Scope
This procedure is meant for those planning/installing Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS release 11.2.0.3.0 (or
higher 11.2.0.x version) on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0 (or higher 6.x version) on the 64-bit (x8664) platform. Since it is the expressed goal to keep Oracle Linux (OL) functionally IDENTICAL to
RHEL, this NOTE is also completely applicable to 64-bit (x86-64) OL 6.0 (or higher 6.x version).
This procedure is not meant for those planning/installing Grid Infrastructure (GI) or any other
Oracle products.
Details
Requirements for installing Oracle 11gR2 RDBMS release 11.2.0.3 64-bit on RHEL6 or OL6 64-bit
(x86_64)
I. Hardware:
===========
1. Minimum Hardware Requirements
a.) At least 1.0 GB (1024MB) of physical RAM
b.) Swap disk space proportional to the system's physical memory as follows:
RAM
Between 1 GB and 2
GB
Swap Space
1.5 times the size of
RAM
Between 2 GB and 16
GB
More than 16 GB
Equal to the size of
RAM
16 GB
NOTE: The above recommendations (from the 11.2 Database installation guide) are MINIMUM
recommendations for installations. Further RAM and swap space may be required to tune/improve
RDBMS performance.
c.) 1.0 GB (1024MB) of disk space (and less than 2TB of disk space) in the /tmp directory.
d.) approximately 4.4 GB of local disk space for the database software.
e.) approximately 1.7 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage
(optional).
2. Oracle Database is supported on ext2, ext3 and ext4 file systems (see Note:236826.1 for further
information)
II. Software:
============
1. As is specified in section 1.3.2 of the Oracle Database Installation Guide for 11gR2 on Linux
(part number E24321-02), Oracle recommends that you install the Linux operating system with the
default software packages (RPMs) and do not customize the RPMs during installation. For
additional information on "default-RPMs", please see Note 376183.1, "Defining a "default RPMs"
installation of the RHEL OS" or Note 401167.1, "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the
Oracle Enterprise Linux (OEL) OS".
2. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6.0 (or higher 6.x version) or Oracle Linux 6.0 (or higher 6.x
version)
NOTE: RHEL6 servers must be running kernel 2.6.32-71.el6 (x86_64) or higher. OL6 servers
must also be running kernel 2.6.32-71.el6 (x86_64) or higher 2.6 version or Unbreakable Enterprise
Kernel 1 (UEK1, kernel version 2.6.32-100.28.5) or Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 2 (UEK2,
kernel version 2.6.39).
3. Required OS Components (per Release Notes, and Install Guide)
a.) The exact version number details of this list are based upon 64-bit (x86_64) RHEL 6.0.
When a higher "update" level is used, the RPM release numbers (such as 4.4.4-13) may be slightly
different. Since updates of RHEL 6 are certified, this is fine so long as you are still using 64-bit
Linux (x86_64) RHEL 6 RPMs.
b.) Some of the Install Guide requirements will already be present from the "default-RPMs"
foundation of Linux that you started with:
1.) binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
2.) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
3.) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
4.) ksh-20100621-12.el6 (x86_64)
5.) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
6.) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
7.) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
8.) make-3.81-19.el6 (x86_64)
c.) The remaining Install Guide requirements will have to be installed:
1.) compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
2.) gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
3.) gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
4.) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
5.) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
6.) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
7.) sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
d.) Customers wishing to install the 11.2.0.3 32-bit Client software should also install these
packages:
1.) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)
2.) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
3.) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
4.) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
5.) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
6.) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
7.) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
8.) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
4. Additional Required OS Components (per the runInstaller OUI)
a.) intentionally blank
5. Additional Required OS Components (per this NOTE)
a.) Please do not rush, skip, or minimize this critical step. This list is based upon a "defaultRPMs" installation of 64-bit (x86_64) RHEL 6. Additional RPMs (beyond anything known to
Oracle) may be needed if a "less-than-default-RPMs" installation of 64-bit (x86_64) RHEL Server
6 is performed. For more information, please refer to Note 376183.1, "Defining a "default RPMs"
installation of the RHEL OS" or Note 401167.1, "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the
Oracle Enterprise Linux (OEL) OS".
b.) intentionally blank
6. Oracle Global Customer Support has noticed a recent trend with install problems that originates
from installing too many RPMs. For example:
a.) installing your own JDK version (prior to execute the Oracle Software runInstaller) is not
needed on Linux, and is not recommended on Linux. A pre-existing JDK often interferes with the
correct JDK that the Linux Oracle Software runInstaller will place and use.
b.) installing more than the required version of the gcc / g++ RPMs often leads to accidentally
using (aka enabling or activating) the incorrect one. If you have multiple RDBMS versions installed
on the same Linux machine, then you will likely have to manage multiple versions of gcc /g++ . For
more information, please see Note 444084.1, "Multiple gcc / g++ Versions in Linux"
7. All of the RPMs in section II. are on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 64-bit (x86_64)
distribution media.
III. Environment:
================
1. Modify your kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf (RedHat) as follows. If the current value for any
parameter is higher than the value listed in this table, do not change the value of that parameter.
Range values (such as net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range) must match exactly.
kernel.shmall = physical RAM size / pagesize For most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See
Note 301830.1 for more information.
kernel.shmmax = 1/2 of physical RAM. This would be the value 2147483648 for a system with
4GB of physical RAM. See Note:567506.1 for more information.
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 512 x processes (for example 6815744 for 13312 processes)
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
2. To activate these new settings into the running kernel space, run the "sysctl -p" command as
root.
3. Set Shell Limits for the oracle User. Assuming that the "oracle" Unix user will perform the
installation, do the following:
a.) Add the following settings to /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
b.) Verify the latest version of PAM is loaded, then add or edit the following line in the
/etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:
session required pam_limits.so
c.) Verify the current ulimits, and raise if needed. This can be done many ways...adding the
following lines to /etc/profile is the recommended method:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -u 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
4. The gcc-4.4.4 and gcc-c++-4.4.4 RPM items above will ensure that the correct gcc / g++
versions are installed. It is also required that you ensure that these correct gcc / g++ versions are
active, and in-use. Ensure that the commands "gcc --version" and "g++ --version" each return
"4.4.4".
5. The hostname command should return the fully qualified hostname as shown below:
% hostname
hostname.domainname
6. If any Java packages are installed on the system, unset the Java environment variables, for
example JAVA_HOME.
7. The oracle account that is used to install Oracle 11.2.0.3, should not have the Oracle install
related variables set by default. For example setting ORACLE_HOME, PATH,
LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include Oracle binaries in .profile, .login file and /etc/profile.d should be
completely avoided.
a.) Setting $ORACLE_BASE (not $ORACLE_HOME) is recommended, since it eases a few
prompts in the OUI runInstaller tool.
b.) Following the successful install, it is recommended to set $ORACLE_HOME, and to set
$PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/bin at the beginning of the $PATH string.
8. By default, RHEL 6 x86_64 Linux is installed with SELinux as "enforcing". This is fine for the
11gR2 installation process. However, to subsequently run "sqlplus", switch SELinux to the
"Permissive" mode. See NOTE 454196.1, "./sqlplus: error on libnnz11.so: cannot restore segment
prot after reloc" for more details.
UPDATE: Internal testing suggests that there is no problem running "sqlplus" with SELinux in
"enforcing" mode on RHEL6/OL6. The problem only affects RHEL5/OL5.
9. Before trying to install 11.2.0.3 64-bit on RHEL 6 x86_64, it is recommended to review Note
1454982.1 "Installing 11.2.0.3 64-bit (x86-64) on RHEL6 Reports That Packages "elfutils-libelfdevel-0.97" and "pdksh-5.2.14" Are Missing (PRVF-7532)" and implement a minor change to the
11.2.0.3 media. No change is required before installing 11.2.0.3 64-bit on OL 6 x86_64.
10. Log in as Oracle user and start the installation as follows:
./runInstaller
a.) It is best practice not to use any form of "su" to start the runInstaller, in order to avoid
potential display-related problems.
b.) When performing the 11.2.0.3 installation, make sure to use the "runInstaller" version that
comes with 11.2.0.3 software.
c.) When performing any subsequent 11.2.0.x patchset, make sure to use the "runInstaller"
version that comes with the patchset.
ADDITIONAL NOTES
---------------1. Supported distributions of the 32-bit (x86) Linux OS can run on on AMD64/EM64T and Intel
Processor Chips that adhere to the x86_64 architecture
a.) Oracle 32-bit Database Server running on AMD64/EM64T with 32-bit OS is supported, but is
NOT covered by this NOTE.
b.) Oracle 32-bit Database Server running on AMD64/EM64T with 64-bit OS is not certified and
is not supported.
c.) Oracle 32-bit Database Client running on AMD64/EM64T with 64-bit OS is expected to be
supported, but is NOT covered by this NOTE.
2. Asynchronous I/O on ext2 and ext3 file systems is supported if your scsi/fc driver supports that
functionality.
Note : Asynchronous I/O on Ext4 file system is supported with Oracle 10g onwards on OEL5.6 and
later.
Reference : Oracle Linux, Filesystem & I/O Type Supportability (Note 279069.1)
3. No extra patch is required for the DIRECTIO support for x86_64.
4. No LD_ASSUME_KERNEL value should be used with the 11gR2 product.
5. The following rpm command can be used to distinguish between a 32-bit or 64-bit package.
# rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" | grep glibcdevel
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7(x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7(i686)
NOTE AGGIUNTIVE
NOTE [ID 454196.1]
Applies to:
Oracle Fusion Middleware - Version: 11.1.1.0.0 and later [Release: Oracle11g and later ]
Oracle Server - Standard Edition - Version: 11.1.0.6 and later [Release: 11.1 and later]
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 11.1.0.6 and later [Release: 11.1 and later]
Linux x86
IBM: Linux on System z
Red Hat Advanced Server
HP OpenVMS Alpha
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server x86-64 (AMD Opteron Architecture)
Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.0
IBM: Linux on POWER Systems
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server Itanium
Linux x86-64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation
Oracle Application Server 10g Enterprise Edition - Version: 11.1.1.0.0
Oracle Server Enterprise Edition - Version: 11.1.0.6 to 11.2.0.99
RHEL 5 and OEL 5 only. RHEL 4 and OEL 4 are not affected. SLES is not affected. This is
because of the more aggressive way that SELinux policies are enforced in RHEL 5 and OEL 5.
Symptoms
Immediately after a successful RDBMS installation (perhaps even including a sample DB instance
creation), sqlplus will not start:
./sqlplus / as sysdba
./sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.so: cannot restore
segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
This can occur on any Oracle application and can display against any shared library.
This same error message has also been observed with the "opmn" product when running commands
such as "webcached" and "opmnctl". The "Solution" below also worked when this same error was
seen with other products.
Changes
SELinux is running in "enforcing" mode.
Cause
You are encountering unpublished
Bug 6140224 SQLPLUS FAILS TO LOAD LIBNNZ11.SO WITH SELINUX ENABLED ON
EL5/RHEL5
Oracle Developement is actively working on this compiler version compatibility issue (ICC
compilers that are used for several libraries, such as LIBNNZ10.SO and LIBNNZ11.SO) in the
RHEL 5 and OEL 5 environments.
Red Hat's resolution to this in
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=512375
and is included within RHEL5.5
Oracle's resolution to this for 11.2.0.1 (both x86 and x86_64 ) is patch 9215184
Oracle's resolution to this is included within 11.2.0.2
Alternatively, please use the work-around presented below.
Solution
A potential solution is to change the default context of the affected oracle libraries to
textrel_shlib_t:
/usr/sbin/semanage fcontext -a -t textrel_shlib_t $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.so
/usr/sbin/semanage fcontext -a -t textrel_shlib_t $ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnque11.so
/usr/sbin/semanage fcontext -a -t textrel_shlib_t
$ORACLE_HOME/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1
This only sets up rules for labelling and does not actually apply those rules. These context
assignments should be applied with the "/sbin/restorecon {filename}" command. Please contact
your Linux OS support provider for additional details on configuring SELinux. When finished, you
can then verify that the context change took place by re-trying sqlplus.
Although this approach does have the benefit of leaving SELinux enabled and "enforcing" on the
remainder of the system, it also presumes that the Customer can identify all of the affected oracle
libraries that are involved in the compiler version compatibility issue. Since this is not a wise
presumption, Oracle Development has instead recommended the following work-around:
Switch SELinux from the default "Enforcing" mode that it is running in, to the "Permissive" mode.
Commands, as root:
======================
getenforce
(returns "Enforcing")
setenforce 0
getenforce
(returns "Permissive")
This allows SELinux to continue running, and logging denial messages, but SELinux will not
actually deny any operations. Once Development has resolved this issue, you can (and should)
return SELinux to the default "Enforcing" mode as follows:
Commands, as root:
======================
setenforce 1
getenforce
(returns "Enforcing")
The commands for the work-around above are immediate, and will remain in effect until the next
reboot. Please also ensure that SELinux "Permissive" enforcing is set at boot time by adding
"enforcing=0" to the kernel boot line. An example of setting the SELinux mode to permissive from
GRUB could be as follows:
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES (2.6.18-8.EL)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-8.EL ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet
enforcing=0
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-8.EL.img
Although not recommended by Oracle Global Software Support nor Oracle Development, SELinux
could also be completely disabled if desired. For additional guidance, please see
Document 457458.1, "How to Disable or set SELinux to Permissive mode"
NOTE [ID 401167.1]
The correct choice for a subsequent Oracle RDBMS installation is "Workstation". The preselected choice of "Personal Desktop" lacks nearly 200 RPMs, including sufficient kernel flexibility
to support the gcc component that will be required during the Oracle RDBMS installation process.
The "Server" choice lacks more than 300 RPMs, including X-Windows functionality. The
"Custom" choice is an open-ended OS installation process, intended to give OEL it's maximum
configurability for all circumstances. All Oracle development, coding, testing, documentation,
certification and support experience for Oracle on OEL is based upon a "default-RPMs" installation
(as defined below) of the "Workstation" installation type.
If you intend to use your OEL OS installation for a subsequent Oracle RDBMS installation,
you must ensure that you select "Workstation" if you are offered the "Installation Types"
screen.
Definition: a "default RPMs" installation of the OEL OS
==========================================
During the CD-ROM installation process of the OEL Operating System, a "Package Installation"
screen is encountered about 3/4 of the way through the installation setup interaction process. The
pre-selected answer on this OEL installation screen is "Install default software packages" or 'default
RPMs'.
The screen in OEL 5.0 and beyond is slightly different in appearance, but exactly analogous.
To view that OEL Server 5 screen, click here.
To view that OEL Server 6 screen, click here.
There is also a "Customize software" selection, that allows the addition of RPM groupings such as
"Development Libraries" or "Legacy Library Support". The ADDITION of such RPM groupings is
NOT an issue.
However, de-selecting any "default RPM" groupings or individual RPMs can result in failed
RDBMS installation attempts. Oracle recommends that you install the Linux operating system with
the default software packages (RPMs). Do not customize the RPMs during installation. This
installation includes most required packages, and helps to limit manual checks of package
dependencies. If you choose to customize the RPMs during installation, see the following
alternatives:
-- Oracle® Database Installation Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1) for Linux
Part Number B32002-04
Chapter 1, "Overview of Oracle Database Installation"
section 1.2.1, "Completing a Default Linux Installation" (applicable to 9iR2, 10gR1, 10gR2, and
11gR1 software)
-- ORACLE Validated Configurations (http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/linux/validatedconfigurations/index.html and Note 437743.1)
-- Note 728346.1, "Linux OS Installation with Reduced Set of Packages for Running Oracle
Database Server"
Example, observed indicators that a "default installation" of OEL is missing
================================================
Example #1
===========
When installing a required RPM, such as glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm, a Customer may
encounter "Failed dependencies", such as the following:
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm
warning: glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID
db42a60e
error: Failed dependencies:
libICE.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libSM.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libX11.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXext.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXi.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXpm.so.4 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libasound.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libaudiofile.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libdb.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libdb.so.2(GLIBC_2.0) is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libesd.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgdk-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgdk_imlib.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libglib-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgmodule-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgtk-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libjpeg.so.62 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libpng.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libz.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
The missing files (such as libICE.so.6 and libz.so.1) indicate that RPMs such as xorg-x11-libs6.8.2-1.EL.13.37, and zlib-1.2.1.2-1.2 are missing. Since these RPMs are normally installed during
a "default-RPMs" installation, this proves that a that a "default installation" of OEL is missing.
Although this is a contrived, specific example, "Failed dependencies" of this sort MUST be
resolved. Do not use a "--nodeps" parameter. The easiest way to avoid "Failed dependencies" errors
of this type is to ensure that the initial build of the Linux system includes at least the "default" RPM
packages of the distribution.
Additions beyond the "default" RPMs can be made at the Customer's discretion. Subtractions from
the "default" RPM packages of the distribution may result in "Failed dependencies" such as these
that must be resolved.
Example #2:
===========
During the process of installing an RPM listed in a Oracle Installation Pre-Requisites metalink note
(compat-db-4.0.14-5.1.i386.rpm) an error occurs that file libtcl8.3.so is missing. Since the RPM that
provides this missing file is normally installed during a "default-RPMs" installation, this proves that
a that a "default installation" of OEL is missing.
Example #3:
===========
Relink oracle is giving error :
ld: crtbegin.o: No such file: No such file or directory
make: *** [/iisl/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/ora10gdb/rdbms/lib/oracle]
Error 1
Since the RPM that provides this missing file is normally installed during a "default-RPMs"
installation, this proves that a that a "default installation" of OEL is missing.
Example #4:
=============
The install process of 64-bit 10.2.0.1 on OEL 4 x86_64 gives an error stating that the file
"libXp.so.6" is missing. And indeed, both the expected /usr/X11R6/lib64/libXp.so.6 and the
expected /usr/X11R6/lib/libXp.so.6 files are missing. The RPMs that provide each of these files
(xorg-x11-deprecated-libs-6.8.2-1.xxx.x86_64.rpm and xorg-x11-deprecated-libs-6.8.21.xxx.i386.rpm) are absent. Since these RPMs are normally installed during a "default-RPMs"
installation, this proves that a that a "default installation" of OEL is missing.
Example #5:
==============
An experienced DBA was contacted by the users at his new job. They had a familiar database
instance problem. From his previous employments, he knew just what query to run for the users to
give them the information that they needed to correct the problem. However, when the experienced
DBA ran the query, it crashed the DB instance.
It was determined that the organization that had previously been hired to install Linux on these
RAC nodes had NOT performed a “default-RPMs”. Once the exact same Oracle RDBMS
installation and the exact same DB instance was placed upon onto a “default-RPMs” Linux
installation, the exact same query performed as expected.
Example #6:
==============
A 10.2.0.1 RDBMS install, and even a 10.2.0.3 patchset upgrade had been completed successfully.
When a subsequent Oracle CPU patchset was attempted, a known and documented re-linking error
occurred. However, when the known, documented solution was attempted, it did not correct the relinking error. Oracle Support was able to determine that the known, documented solution did not
work for this customer because a usual, foundational, Linux library was missing - a library that
would have been present if a “default-RPMs” installation had been performed.
How to review the exact RPM groupings and the individual RPMs that were selected at install
time
=============================================================
During every OEL install of every type, the file /root/anaconda-ks.cfg is created, leaving a record of
how the system was initially created. This file is not updated during subsequent RPM installation or
updates, but rather is intended as record of initial system creation.
The "%packages" section of the /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file should read AT LEAST as follows. The
ADDITION of RPM groupings or packages is NOT an issue. However, de-selecting any "default
RPM" groupings or individual RPMs can result in failed RDBMS installation attempts. Oracle
recommends that you install the Linux operating system with the default software packages
(RPMs). Do not customize the RPMs during installation. This installation includes most required
packages, and helps to limit manual checks of package dependencies. If you choose to customize
the RPMs during installation, see the following alternatives:
-- Oracle® Database Installation Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1) for Linux
Part Number B32002-04
Chapter 1, "Overview of Oracle Database Installation"
section 1.2.1, "Completing a Default Linux Installation" (applicable to 9iR2, 10gR1, 10gR2, and
11gR1 software)
-- ORACLE Validated Configurations (http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/linux/validatedconfigurations/index.html and Note 728346.1, "Linux OS Installation with Reduced Set of
Packages for Running Oracle Database Server"
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file for a 64-bit OEL 5 u2 "default-RPMs"
installation
-------------------------------%packages
.@office
.@editors
.@text-internet
.@gnome-desktop
.@dialup
.@core
.@base
.@games
.@java
.@legacy-software-support
.@base-x
.@graphics
.@printing
.@sound-and-video
.@admin-tools
.@graphical-internet
emacs
kexec-tools
squashfs-tools
device-mapper-multipath
xorg-x11-utils
xorg-x11-server-Xnest
libsane-hpaio
system-config-kickstart
-sysreport
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file for a 64-bit OEL 5 u0 "default-RPMs"
installation
(usually, update levels (such as .1, .2, or .3) have identical %packages sections. x86_64 OEL 5.0 is
listed here because it is significantly different)
-------------------------------%packages
.@admin-tools
.@base
.@base-x
.@core
.@dialup
.@editors
.@games
.@gnome-desktop
.@graphical-internet
.@graphics
.@java
.@office
.@printing
.@sound-and-video
.@text-internet
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks-cfg file for a 64-bit OEL 4 U6 (and above) "defaultRPMs" installation
---------------------------%packages
.@ admin-tools
.@ text-internet
.@ gnome-desktop
.@ dialup
.@ compat-arch-support
.@ smb-server
.@ base-x
.@ web-server
.@ printing
.@ server-cfg
kernel (This "kernel" line may instead read "kernel-smp", based upon the number and type of
CPUs in your Linux system.)
e2fsprogs
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file for a 32-bit x86 OEL 5.x "default-RPMs"
installation
---------------------------Two acceptable (valid) alternative indications of a “default-RPMs” Linux foundation may exist.
They are equivalent. All details must be present from either alternative “0”, or alternative “1+” as
follows:
Alternative “0” – shows that OEL 5.0 media was first used to install Linux.***
%packages
.@dialup
Unfortunately, due to a known v 5.0 RHEL/OEL bug, this %packages section for the OEL 5.0
product is incomplete. The bug has been corrected in OEL Server 5.1 . This means that in order to
accurately evaluate the "default-RPMs" status of OEL Server 5.0, you must also compare individual
RPM command outputs, as explained below in the section "Example RPM command outputs". Run
these same commands. Compare outputs. Any missing RPMs indicate that a "less-than-defaultRPMs" installation of OEL Server 5.0 is present.
Alternative “1+” – shows that OEL 5.1 or greater media was first used to install Linux.***
(for example, this listing is also accurate for OEL Server 5.2 and greater)
%packages
.@office
.@admin-tools
.@editors
.@text-internet
.@gnome-desktop
.@dialup
.@core
.@base
.@games
.@java
.@base-x
.@graphics
.@printing
.@sound-and-video
.@graphical-internet
system-config-kickstart
kexec-tools
squashfs-tools
device-mapper-multipath
xorg-x11-utils
xorg-x11-server-Xnest
libsane-hpaio
-sysreport
All Other Alternatives - The ADDITION of RPM groupings or packages is NOT an issue. Deselecting any "default RPM" groupings or individual RPMs can result in failed RDBMS installation
attempts, and as such, is not recommended by Oracle Support Services.
*** Note that the use of automatic update routines such as “up2date” and “RedHat Network” may
result in a “/etc/redhat-release” version greater than 5.0
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks-cfg file for a 64-bit OEL 4 U5 "default-RPMs"
installation
(usually, update levels (such as update 4 or update 5) have identical %packages sections. x86_64
OEL 4 U5 is listed here because it is significantly different)
---------------------------%packages
.@ admin-tools
.@ text-internet
.@ gnome-desktop
.@ dialup
.@ smb-server
.@ base-x
.@ web-server
.@ printing
.@ server-cfg
kernel (This "kernel" line may instead read "kernel-smp", based upon the number and type of
CPUs in your Linux system.)
e2fsprogs
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks-cfg file for a 64-bit OEL 4 U4 "workstation defaultRPMs" installation
(usually, update levels (such as update 4 or update 5) have identical %packages sections. x86_64
OEL 4 U4 is listed here because it is significantly different)
---------------------------%packages
.@ office
.@ admin-tools
.@ editors
.@ text-internet
.@ gnome-desktop
.@ dialup
.@ games
.@ base-x
.@ graphics
.@ printing
.@ sound-and-video
.@ graphical-internet
e2fsprogs
kernel-smp (This "kernel-smp" line may instead read "kernel", based upon the number and type of
CPUs in your Linux system.)
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks-cfg file for a 32-bit OEL 4 U7 "workstation defaultRPMs" installation.
(usually, update levels (such as update 6 or update 7) have identical %packages sections. x86 OEL
4 U7 is listed here because it is significantly different)
---------------------------%packages
.@ admin-tools
.@ text-internet
.@ gnome-desktop
.@ dialup
.@ compat-arch-support
.@ smb-server
.@ base-x
.@ web-server
.@ printing
.@ server-cfg
e2fsprogs
kernel-smp
grub
"%packages" section of /root/anaconda-ks-cfg file for a 32-bit OEL 4 U6 "workstation defaultRPMs" installation
(update levels (such as update 4 or update 5) have identical %packages sections.)
---------------------------%packages
.@ office
.@ admin-tools
.@ editors
.@ emacs
.@ gnome-software-development
.@ text-internet
.@ x-software-development
.@ gnome-desktop
.@ dialup
.@ games
.@ emacs
.@ base-x
.@ graphics
.@ printing
.@ sound-and-video
.@ development-tools
.@ graphical-internet
kernel-smp-devel
e2fsprogs
kernel-devel
kernel-smp
grub
Please understand that this document does NOT state (for example) that Games (@games) are
required to run Oracle. What this NOTE is stating is that a "default-RPMs" installation is strongly
recommended, and that a "default-RPMs" installation will result in a "/root/anaconda-ks.cfg" file as
shown.
All Oracle development, coding, testing, documentation, certification and support experience for
Oracle on OEL is based upon this "foundation" of a "default-RPMs" installation of OEL AS/ES. In
the same way that you would not expect the wood framing for a tudor-style house to fit on a ranchstyle concrete foundation, please do not expect the Oracle RDBMS software to successfully install
upon a "less-than-default-RPMs" foundation of OEL AS/ES.
At this point, a common question is “Why can’t I just fix the wrong foundation of Linux that I
already have? Why do I have to re-install Linux? Or continuing the analogy above, “Why can’t I
just go down to the local hardware store, rent a jackhammer, buy a couple of bags of instant
concrete, and MAKE it fit?
The answer is “experience”. In the experience of Oracle Global Support, you will continue to
experience an infinite series of “installation” or “patching” or “instructions not working” or “GUI
tool” or “stability” problems until you re-build this system. Customers who have tried to “just fix it”
invariably spend days and in some cases even weeks of frustration before they just “do the strongly
recommended thing” and re-install a "default-RPMs" foundation of Linux.
You would not allow your concrete contractor to try to MAKE your brand-new house fit onto his
ranch-style foundation. In the same way, do not allow yourself to try to MAKE your brand-new
Oracle RDBMS installation fit onto the Linux choice of a "less-than-default-RPMs" installation. To
do so would lead you towards a potentially infinite series of problems.
Example RPM command outputs for a "default RPMs" installations
=======================================================
Since the exact listing of RPMs that are installed on a particular system during a "default-RPMs"
installation of OEL AS/ES is a function of the hardware, and update level of the OEL OS, a
complete RPM listing of a "default-RPMs" installation cannot be provided. Several example RPM
command outputs are instead provided for an example "default RPMs" installation:
(These outputs are from a 32-bit OEL 5.0 "default-RPMs" installation. Exact RPM version numbers
may be slighly higher on your system.)
$ rpm -qa | grep gcc
libgcc-4.1.1-52.el5
$ rpm -qa | grep libaio
libaio-0.3.106-3.2
$ rpm -qa | grep glibc
glibc-2.5-12
glibc-common-2.5-12
$ rpm -qa | grep head
kernel-headers-2.6.18-8.el5
readahead-1.3-7.el5
$ rpm -qa | grep libXp
libXpm-3.5.5-3
$ rpm -qa | grep compat
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.112
$ rpm -qa | grep libstdc
libstdc++-4.1.1-52.el5
$ rpm -qa | grep X11
libX11-1.0.3-8.el5
$ rpm -qa | grep make
make-3.81-1.1
$ rpm -qa | grep setarch
setarch-2.0-1.1
NOTE [ID 376183.1]
Applies to:
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version 9.2.0.4 to 11.2.0.2 [Release 9.2 to 11.2]
Linux x86
IBM: Linux on System z
Red Hat Advanced Server
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server x86-64 (AMD Opteron Architecture)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server Itanium
Linux x86-64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation
Linux Itanium
Goal
This document will explain the RDBMS installation symptoms that might be observed when Linux
OS RPMs that are expected to be present from the initial OS installation are in-fact absent.
After defining a "default RPMs" installation of the RHEL OS, the document begins with several
example RDBMS installation symptoms that have been observed, each of which indicate that a
"default installation" of RHEL is missing. This document then continues with a strategy to verify
the exact RPM groupings and the individual RPMs that were selected at OS install time. Finally, the
document concludes with example RPM command outputs for a "default RPMs" installation.
Although the details that are used to explain the concept of a "default-RPMs" installation of RHEL
AS/ES in this document are from a 64-bit RHEL 4 U1 installation, the principles of this note apply
to all certified Linux distributions. The equivalent NOTE for the SLES OS is:
NOTE 386391.1 "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the SLES OS"
The equivalent NOTE for the Oracle Enterprise Linux (OEL) is:
NOTE 401167.1 "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the OEL OS"
Fix
Definition: a "default RPMs" installation of the RHEL OS
=============================================
During the CD-ROM installation process of the RHEL Operating System, a "Package Installation"
screen is encountered about 3/4 of the way through the installation setup interaction process. The
pre-selected answer on this RHEL installation screen is "Install default software packages" or
'default RPMs'.
(This screen in RHEL Server 5.0 and beyond is slightly different in appearance, but exactly
analogous.
To view that RHEL Server 5 screen, click here.
To view that RHEL Server 6 screen, click here.
There is also a "Customize software" selection, that allows the addition of RPM groupings such as
"Development Libraries" or "Legacy Library Support". The ADDITION of such RPM groupings is
NOT an issue.
However, de-selecting any "default RPM" groupings or individual RPMs can result in failed
RDBMS installation attempts. Oracle recommends that you install the Linux operating system with
the default software packages (RPMs). Do not customize the RPMs during installation. This
installation includes most required packages, and helps to limit manual checks of package
dependencies. If you choose to customize the RPMs during installation, see the following
alternatives:
-- Oracle Database Installation Guide
11g Release x (11.x) for Linux
Chapter 1, "Overview of Oracle Database Installation"
section 1.2.2, "Completing a Default Linux Installation" (applicable to 9iR2, 10gR1, 10gR2, and
11gR1 software)
section 1.3.2, "Completing a Default Linux Installation" (applicable to 11gR2 software)
-- ORACLE Validated Configurations (http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/linux/validatedconfigurations/index.html)
-- NOTE 728346.1, "Linux OS Installation with Reduced Set of Packages for Running Oracle
Database Server"
Examples (observed indicators that a "default installation" of RHEL is missing )
============================================================
Example #1
===========
When installing a required RPM, such as glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm, you may encounter
"Failed dependencies", such as the following:
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm
warning: glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID
db42a60e
error: Failed dependencies:
libICE.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libSM.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libX11.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXext.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXi.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libXpm.so.4 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libasound.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libaudiofile.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libdb.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libdb.so.2(GLIBC_2.0) is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libesd.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgdk-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgdk_imlib.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libglib-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgmodule-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libgtk-1.2.so.0 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libjpeg.so.62 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libpng.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
libz.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.9.i386
Although this is a contrived, specific example, "Failed dependencies" of this sort MUST be
resolved. Do not use a "--nodeps" parameter. The easiest way to avoid "Failed dependencies" errors
of this type is to ensure that the initial build of the Linux system includes at least the "default" RPM
packages of the distribution.
Additions beyond the "default" RPMs can be made at your discretion. Subtractions from the
"default" RPM packages of the distribution may result in "Failed dependencies" such as these that
must be resolved.
Example #2:
============
The "runInstaller" (or OUI) RDBMS installation program may suddenly end, without any indicative
logging or error messages. This specific response was observed from the RDBMS version 9.2.0.7
runInstaller, immediately after successfully completing a 9iR2 base install with the 9.2.0.4
runInstaller.
Example #3:
===========
During the process of installing an RPM listed in a Oracle Installation Pre-Requisites My Oracle
Support (MOS) note (compat-db-4.0.14-5.1.i386.rpm) an error occurs that file libtcl8.3.so is
missing.
Example #4:
===========
Relink oracle is giving error:
ld: crtbegin.o: No such file: No such file or directory
make: *** [/iisl/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/ora10gdb/rdbms/lib/oracle]
Error 1
Example #5:
=============
The install process of 64-bit 10.2.0.1 on RHEL 4 x86_64 gives an error stating that the file
"libXp.so.6" is missing. And indeed, both the expected /usr/X11R6/lib64/libXp.so.6 and the
expected /usr/X11R6/lib/libXp.so.6 files are missing. The RPM that provides this file in the 32-bit
architecture (xorg-x11-depreciated-libs-6.8.2-1.EL.13.6.i386.rpm) is absent. The RPM that provides
this file in the 64-bit architecture (xorg-x11-depreciated-libs-6.8.2-1.EL.13.6.x86_64.rpm) is also
absent. Since both of these RPMs are normally installed during a "default-RPMs" installation, this
proves that a that a "default installation" of RHEL is missing.
Example #6:
=============
The install process of 64-bit 10.2.0.1 on RHEL 4 x86_64 gives an error stating that the file
"libXp.so.6" is missing. But, it is there, located at /usr/X11R6/lib64/libXp.so.6. The problem in this
case is that the 32-bit architecture file is also required in /usr/X11R6/lib/libXp.so.6, and is missing.
Although the RPM that provides this file in the 64-bit architecture (xorg-x11-depreciated-libs-6.8.21.EL.13.6.x86_64.rpm) is present, the RPM that provides this file in the 32-bit architecture (xorgx11-depreciated-libs-6.8.2-1.EL.13.6.i386.rpm) is absent. Since both of these RPMs are normally
installed during a "default-RPMs" installation, this proves that a "default installation" of RHEL is
missing.
Example #7:
=============
A 10gR2 install on zLinux (aka s390x) fails when installing on RHEL4u3. The included JVM is
failing with some unresolved objects. The 31-bit version of the xorg-x11-deprecated-libs-6.8.21.EL.13.25 RPM was found to be missing. Since both the 64-bit and the 31-bit ARCH are installed
by "default-RPMs", this proves that a "default installation" of RHEL is missing.
Example #8:
==============
While installing 10.2.0.1 x86-64 on a RHEL 4.0 Linux x86-64 server, the following errors occur
during the relink phase:
INFO: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s_32
INFO: collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
The following packages were found to be missing:
libgcc-3.4.3-22.1.i386.rpm
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.fc4.i386.rpm