Anatomy 10
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Study Guide-Exam Three
What are the functions of bone?
How are bones classified? Know how to classify the bones that we talked about in class.
Know the definition of the following bone markings:
o Meatus, sinus, fossa, groove, foramen, fissure
What are the two bone textures? What is the location of these bone textures relative to one another?
What are the membranes of bone? What surfaces do they cover and what cell types do they contain? How is the
periosteum attached to bone?
What is the structure of a long bone? For each structure of a long bone, know its definition, location or function
where appropriate.
What is the structure of short, flat and irregular bones?
What is an osteon? What are the components and function of the components of an osteon?
What texture of bone contains osteons?
What are the main differences between spongy and compact bone?
What are the organic and inorganic portions of bone, what are they called, and what do they consist of?
Interstitial and appositional growth.
What controls remodeling of bone?
Make sure you understand how blood calcium is regulated by the activity of PTH and know the bone cells
involved in this calcium regulation.
What is a fracture and how are they repaired?
What is osteoporosis?
Know the characteristics of each bone discussed in class. For example for the frontal bone we said that if forms
the forehead and that it has the superior margins of each orbit on it. We talked about features of the humerus
like the capitulum and trochlea.
What are the components of the axial and appendicular skeleton?
What two sets of bones make up the skull? What is the function of these two sets of bones?
What are the eight cranial bones and the 14 facial bones? Of the cranial and facial bones, which ones are
paired?
How does the skeleton articulate from top to bottom?(in as much detail as discussed in lecture)
Which seven bones contribute to each orbit?
What is unique about the hyoid bone?
What are the four normal curvatures of the vertebral column and which ones are primary? Secondary? What is
the difference between primary and secondary curvatures?
What are the 3 abnormal spinal curvatures?
How many vertebrae are in each region of the vertebral column?
What are the general features of most vertebrae?
What are the special features of C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis)?
What are the seven processes on most vertebrae?
What structures/surfaces are used in articulating the vertebrae?
How many pairs of ribs are there? Difference between true false and floating ribs?
What vertebrae do the ribs attach to?
Anatomy 10
Study Guide-Exam Three
 What bones make up the pectoral girdle? Pelvic girdle? Are these bones part of the axial or appendicular
skeleton?
 What three bones fuse to form the coxal bone?
 What are the differences (discussed in class) between the male and female pelves?
 What is the definition of articulation?
 What are the two functions of joints?
 What are the general features found at all synovial joints?
 What are the six types of synovial joints and examples of each one?
 What are the two ways to classify joints?