Chapter 2 Study Guide
(ANSWER KEY)
1. What is the oldest form of government still in use today?
MONARCHY
2. Where in the United States do we still see direct democracy in use today?
NEW ENGLAND TOWN MEETINGS
3. What ideas are Nazism built from?
RACIAL SUPERIORITY
4. Which system of government centralizes power?
UNITARY SYSTEM
5. What are some differences between monarchy and dictatorship?
HOW THEY ACQUIRE POWER AND RETAIN POWER
6. What are some common features of market economies?
PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY GOODS AND SERVICES
7. Socialism attempts to fix which feature of capitalism?
UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH
8. In a command economic system who decides what to produce?
GOVERNMENT/GOVERNMENT PLANNERS
9. In a presidential democracy, who chooses the president?
THE CITIZENS
10. In a parliamentary democracy who chooses the president?
THE PARTY WITH A LEGISLATIVE MAJORITY
11. What are the four factors of production?
1.LAND 2.LABOR 3.ENTRAPANEURSHIP 4.CAPITAL
12. What is a referendum process?
A FORM OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY IN WHICH CITIZENS VOTE OR REJECT LAWS
PASSED BY A LEGISLATURE
13. What is a recall election?
AN ELECTORAL PROCESS THROUGH WHICH CITIZENS CAN VOTE AN ELECTED
OFFICIAL OUT OF OFFICE
14. What is initiative process?
A FORM OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY IN WHICH CITIZENS PROPOSE LAWS AND
SUBMIT THEM DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS FOR APPROVAL
15. What system of government would a country with a large diverse population have?
FEDERAL SYSTEM
16. What system of government would a country with a small, non-diverse population
have?
UNITARY SYSTEM
17. What is the most common economy in the world today?
MIXED ECONOMY
18. In the factors of production, the word “capital” refers to what?
-THE MONEY NEEDED TO START A BUSINESS
- THE MACHINERY, BUILDINGS, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENT USED TO PRODUCE
GOODS AND SERVICES
- THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS THAT WORKERs BRING TO THEIR JOBS
19. Where was the first constitutional democracy formed?
AMERICA (PHILIDELPHIA @ CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION)
20. By definition a federal government divides power between…
THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
21. What is a disadvantage of traditional economies?
THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF MOST PEOPLE IS VERY LOW, AND MOST PEOPLE
MEET THEIR BASIC NEEDS
22. What is the difference between a totalitarian regime and an authoritarian regime?
A totalitarian regime tries to control citizens' lives more fully than an authoritarian
regime.
23. What advantage does a presidential democracy have over a parliamentary democracy?
The presidential system separates the executive and legislative powers to prevent
abuses of power.
24. What government is an example of a confederal system of government today?
the European Union today `
25. What drives the production and distribution of goods and services in a free enterprise
system?
the profit motive, economic competition, and supply and demand
26. What is the main disadvantage of direct democracy?
Frequent elections and meetings make it a very time-consuming process for
citizens.
27. No nation-states are organized as a confederation today because in such a system,
the central government is too weak to be effective.
28. Market economies are to individuals as command economies are to
government planners.
29. How are dictatorships and absolute monarchies similar?
One leader holds the power, which may lead to greater efficiency or the risk of
abuse.
30. A representative democracy is a form of government in which
Public decisions are made by leaders elected by the citizens to vote according to
their interests
31. Referendum, initiative, and recall are examples of
Direct democracy
32. What is the most common form of government today?
Democracy
33. Which kind of government did the American colonists create when they formed the United
States of America?
Constitutional democracy
34. In what way are the economies of the United States and China similar?
Both are mixed economies
35. In what form of government do citizens hold ultimate power?
Democracy
36. The form of government that is headed by religious leaders.
theocracy