Monkemeier
Honors Biology
February 27, 2015 – March 13, 2015
Unit 7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Cellular Energy
Name _________________________ Date __________________________
Unit 7: Cellular Respiration Study Guide
1. Compare and contrast photosynthesis to cellular respiration. Within your answer mention the
type of energy that is transformed, organelles involved, overall chemical equation and organisms
that utilize each type of pathway,
2. Draw and label the structure of the mitochondria. Within your drawing include: outer membrane,
inner membrane, cristae, mitochondrial matrix, ribosomes and circular DNA.
3. Compare and contrast the structure of the chloroplast to the structure of the mitochondria. How
are the structures similar? How are they different? How are each uniquely equipped for the
energy transformation?
4. How are the following terms related: aerobic, anaerobic, cellular respiration, glycolysis,
fermentation?
5. Where does glycolysis occur within cells? Trace the pathway known as glycolysis from glucose to
pyruvate. Be sure to include energy molecules and electron-proton carriers.
6. Why is pyruvate considered to be the “gate-way” molecule? When oxygen is available, what
happens to pyruvate? When oxygen is not available, what happens to pyruvate?
7. Trace the pathway of fermentation within the following cells: yeast, bacteria, human muscle cells.
Why do muscle cells become fatigued and sometimes develop cramps?
8. Where does Kreb’s Cycle occur within cells? Which molecules are required for Kreb’s Cycle to
occur?
9. Sketch Kreb’s Cycle: Include energy molecules, electron-proton carriers, etc.
10. Draw and label a cross section of the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Include electron
carriers, proton pumps, ATP Synthase. Label the matrix and inner membrane space on your
diagram. How does this diagram compare to the inner membrane of the thylakoid of the
chloroplast?
11. WHY does NADH generate more ATP than FADH2?
12. Explain the process of chemiosmosis. How is chemiosmosis and the generation of ATP the same in
mitochondria and chloroplasts? How is chemiosmosis and the generation of ATP different in
mitochondria and chloroplasts?
13. WHY is oxygen noted as the final electron (and Proton) acceptor in cellular respiration – what is
the role of oxygen? How does its role relate to its electronegativity?
14. Compare the amounts of ATP generated by: glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, and the Electron Transport
Chain.
15. What is meant by the efficiency of Cellular Respiration?
16. How do each of the following terms relate to cellular respiration: facultative anaerobe, obligate
aerobe, obligate anaerobe. Provide examples of each.
17.
Additional Key Terms:
Chemical Energy
Diffuse
Oxidation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Citric Acid
Efficiency
Proton Gradient
Combustion
Free Energy
Substrate Level phosphorylation
Decarboxylation
Kilocalorie
Reduction
Dehydrogenation
Oxaloacetate