Ch 1 Principles of Pharmacy Introduction to Pharmacy Hippocratic oath started with ancient greeks still used used today. One major pledge is * Created in the First century A.D. this standard text on drugs was used 15 centuries • * Ch 2 Pharmacy Laws 1st US laws in pharmacy is * -make sure drug is no harmful and no false labeling Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 later created the * NDA abbreviation is * so before marketing manufacturers needed to submit FDC act only required drugs to be safe for consumption not that they be effective or useful Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951 -* Kefauver-Harris Amendment of 1962 -drug not only be safe but also effective -created * -takes avg. 7 years before reaching marketplace to proof safe and effective Compensate for research costs government allowed * to protect brand names of drugs What created controlled substance drugs? * Schedule Medical Use Examples I For research only Heroin, LSD II Dispensing severely restricted * III Prescriptions can be refilled up to 5 times in 6 months Codeine with aspirin, anabolic steroids IV Same as for Schedule III Benzodiazepines, meprobamate V Some sold w/o a prescription; must be 18 Liquid codeine combination preps. National drug code has 10 characters that identify -* * is intended for use in few patients with rare diseases How many names for one drug * name like isobutylhydratropic acid * name like ibuprofen * name like advil, motrin Generic drugs are comparable to brand names in dosage, safety, strength, quality, performance, and intended use some drugs don't have generic About three-quarters of FDA-approved drugs have generic equivalents. If you can buy a drug in generic form, Omnibus budget reconciliation act of 1990 pharmacist or tech must offer to counsel patient on drugs Dietary Supplement Health and Education act 1994 supplements monitor for safety and review false claims * -protect confidentiality of patient medical records -employee continue medical coverage after they leave work -move health insurance from one employer to another FDA or Food and Drug administration main job is * DEA is under the department of health or justice department? DEA main duties is to regulate what kind of substances? * Is there a federal law what regulates refilling of prescriptions? * remember schedule III, IV, V drug are refillable for up to 6 months * only has the right to suspend or revoke a license *is form of negligence in which the standard of care was not met * effect ingredient is active ingredient of the drug that exerts therapeutic Vaccine is substance given in order to produce immunity to a disease Penicillin - is a mold that kills growth of bacteria * is substance that kills bacteria Legend drug * is * drugs - small does stimulate body immune system to target When a drug is created artificially in a lab is *synthesized drug * drug is a drug that is created artificially in imitation of naturally occurring substances A drug is therapeutic if it maintain health relieve symptoms combat illness try reverse disease process Drug approval review 1st try to purify compound and study on animal Clinical studies1st submit INDA (investigational) gives intent to experiment on human small group of healthy people then #small with disease then large patient groups If pass then submit NDA (new drug application) to FDA cost almost $1 billion for Crestor a new cholesterol drug Solid dosage form: Tablets *most Capsules active ingredate in shell CR abbreviation is for * CR designed not to release the active drug immediately Extended release allow the frequency of dosing reduced & best compliance Suppositories are given * Inhalation has two forms Spray * dispersion of material aerosol that is * MDI abbreviation * administration 1. Shake well 2.Prime canister 3.spacer when inserting drug 4.breath out then make a seal 5. Acitvate taking a deep breath 6. Hold the breath and slowly exhale IV abbreviated intravenous infusion IM abbre for * Syringe is device to draw up and deliver medication through a needle