Chapter 4
TEST REVIEW Honors
NAME___KEY__________________
Identify or Define the following terms, phrases or people!
Triangular Trade- Gold, Slaves, sugar from Europe to Africa to America back to Europe
Middle Passage- Slave ships from Africa to Americas—extremely HORIFING conditions
Asante Kingdom- First Monopolies in gold and Silver in Africa
Boer- Dutch Farmer in South Africa
Shaka- Zulu leader, lead conflicts with the Boer’s
Great Trek- Boers movement north from Cape Colony after British took control
Repeal- to TAKE BACK
Monopoly- TOTAL CONTROL OF A BUISNESS
Columbian Exchange- Spread of goods, people, animals, and plants around the world from exploration
Putting Out System- Spreading out the making of a product to many places [not under one roof]
Inflation- Rise in prices- money is worth less so prices increase
Entrepreneur- Person who invests money in business
Tariff- Tax on Imports
Joint Stock Company- Many people buy shares or stock in a company and thus are investors
Charles V- Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain gave up throne because of stress
Philip II- King of Spain-- ruled for 42 year-- sent the armada to England
Armada- [Spanish] FLEET of war ships
Sea Dogs- British sailors and captains seen as “pirates” by Spain and Portugal
El Greco- “the Greek” painter in Spain
Lope de Vega- Spanish author wrote “the Sheep well”
Miguel de Cervantes- Spanish author wrote “Don Quixote”
Henry IV of France- Huguenot [protestant]- Converted to Catholicism to rule France and be accepted
Louis XIV- Sun King ruled France for 72 years- built Versailles, changed styles of all of Europe
Palace of Versailles- Hunting lodge turned into the grandest of all European Palaces by Louis XIV.
Balance of Power- Distribution of Military power- try to keep peace- you have big army, I have big army
War of Spanish Succession- Fought to stop the unification of France and Spain
Edict of Nantes- Toleration of Huguenot’s in France, created by Henry IV
Dissenter- Person with different views than the mainstream
Puritan- Group wanted to PURIFY the church of England
Charles I of England- Did not work with Parliament, disbanded them, recalled them, caused English Civil
war and was first Monarch to be tried and executed by his people
Roundheads- Supporters of the Crown during the English Civil War
Cavaliers- Supporters of Parliament during the English Civil War
Glorious Revolution- Bloodless revolution when William and Mary became monarchs of England
English Bill of Rights- William and Mary signed, limited the power of the Monarch
Habeas Corpus- Cannot be held in jail without being charged with a crime
Limited Monarchy- Monarchy limited by a legislature or a constitution
Mercenary- Soldier for hire, only fights for the highest bidder
Depopulation- Loss of population due to war, famine, or disease
Westernization- Adoption of Western Europe’s ideals and technology, as in Russia
Boyar- Russian Nobles
Warm-Water Port- Port free of ice all year long, Russia longed for this
Vitus Bering- Russian explorer, explored area between Russia and Alaska
Partitioned- to be Split Up
What country was the first modern country in Europe around 1500? Spain
What country did the Hapsburg’s rule, actually what country and empire? Austria
What country was Spain’s protestant rival in the late 1500s? England, Queen Elizabeth I
By the late 1600s what country was more powerful than Spain? France
What was a protestant in France called? Huguenot
What were 3,000 people killed at a wedding party in France in 1572? St. Bartholomew Day Massacre
What was the family name of the rulers of England from 1485-1603? Tudor
What country does Parliament run, or is the legislative body in? England
After the death of Elizabeth what family too over the throne in England? Stuart, James I
What did James I do to Parliament? Dissolved it, got rid of it
What was the war between the Cavilers and Roundheads called? English Civil War
What was the fate of King Charles I after he was captured by the Roundheads? Head chopped off
Who became leader of England after the war? Oliver Cromwell
What religion did the English leader hold too after the war? Puritanism/Protestantism
After Oliver Cromwell who did the Parliament invite back to be King of England? Charles II
What was the group of Princes called that selected the Holy Roman Emperor? Electors
What did the Holy Roman Emperor want to roll back in Europe? Protestant Reformation/Protestant Tide
What was the war called the ended with the Peace of Westphalia? 30 years war
Who was the first female empress of Austria? Maria Theresa
What Russian Czar was 7ft tall? Peter the Great
What spread in Russia dealing with low class people that had been all but abolished in Europe? Serfdom
What was Peter the Greats new capital city? St. Petersburg
Who became the leader of Russia after her husband Peter III was assassinated? Catherine the Great
By the mid 1700s what was the only major country in Europe not ruled by an Absolute Monarch? Great
Britain/ England