NAME_____________________
Chapter 3 Colonial America Section 3 Middle Colonies
Struggle for power in England
•The Puritan’s controlled ____________________
•They struggled for power against King ____________________I
•1642 a ____________________ War began
•Led by Oliver Cromwell, a ____________________ , the Parliamentary forces defeated the king
•Many Puritans ____________________ to England to join the struggle
•Charles I was ____________________ in 1649 on charges of treason
•A new ____________________ was created with Cromwell as Protector
•When Cromwell died, Parliament restored the ____________________, but limited the kings power
•Charles II became ____________________ in 1660, his reign was known as the Restoration
English Colonies in America
•1660- England had ____________________ clusters of colonies in what is now the United States
•In the ____________________ were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island
•In the ____________________ were Maryland and Virginia
•Between the two groups of English colonies were lands the ____________________ controlled
Dutch Colonies
•Called New ____________________
•Main settlement was New Amsterdam, located on ____________________ Island
•Had a good ____________________
•Became a center of ____________________ to and from the Americas
•Dutch West India Company wanted more ____________________
•Offered large estates to anyone who could bring ____________________ settlers to work the land
•The landowners who acquired these estates were called ____________________
•Patroons ruled like ____________________
•Had their own courts and ____________________
•Settlers owed the patroon ____________________ and a share of their crops
England Takes Over
•England wanted to ____________________ the Dutch Colony
•Because of its harbor and ____________________
•1664- England sent a fleet to ____________________New Amsterdam
•Peter Stuyvesant was the ____________________
•He was unprepared for ____________________ and surrendered the colony to the English
•King Charles II gave the colony to his ____________________ , the Duke of York, who renamed it…
•New ____________________
•It was a proprietary ____________________
•A colony in which the _________________ , or proprietor, owned all the land and controlled the government
•Different from the New England colonies, where __________________elected the governor and an assembly
•Not until 1691 did the English government allow citizens of New York __________________ their legislature
The Population of New York
•New York continued to ____________________ under English control
•Had a diverse ____________________
•____________________, German, Swedish, and Native American
•____________________ Jews, the first Jews to settle in North America
•1664- New York had about ____________________ inhabitants
•Including at least 300 ____________________ Africans
•1683- Population was about ____________________ people
New Jersey
•Duke of York gave the ___________________ part of his colony to Lord John Berkeley and Sir John Carteret
•Named it ____________________ after the island of Jersey in the English Channel (Carteret was born there)
•To attract settlers, thy offered large areas of land and freedom of ____________________
•Also trial by ____________________ and representative assembly
•The Assembly would make the local laws and set ____________________ rates
The Population of New Jersey
•A place of ____________________ and religious diversity
•Had no natural ____________________ so it did not develop a major port or city like New York
•The proprietors made few ____________________
•Both proprietors eventually ____________________ their shares in the colony
•By 1702 New Jersey had returned to the king, becoming a ____________________ colony
•Colonists continued to make local ____________________
Pennsylvania
•King Charles II gave land to William Penn to pay off a ____________________
•Named it Pennsylvania and was nearly as large ____________________
•Penn saw this as a “____________________ experiment”
•A chance to put his ____________________ ideals into practice
•The Quakers, or Society of Friends believed that everyone was ____________________
•People could follow their “inner light” to ____________________
•They did not need a ____________________ to guide them
•Quakers were pacifists, people who refuse to use force or to ____________________ in wars
•They were ____________________ in England
Penn in Pennsylvania
•1682- Penn supervised the building of ____________________ , the “city of brotherly love”
•Penn designed the city and wrote their first ____________________
•Penn believed the land belonged to the Native Americans and that settlers should __________________ for it
•He negotiated several ____________________ with local Native Americans
The Population of Pennsylvania
•Penn ____________________ the colony throughout Europe
•1683- There were more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Dutch, and ____________________ settlers
•1701, Charter of Liberties allowed colonists to elect representatives to the ____________________
•Swedes settled ____________________ Pennsylvania
•The ____________________ of Privileges allowed them to form their own legislature
•They then functioned, or operated, as a separate colony known as ____________________ under Pennsylvania’s
governor
Essential Question:
How did the Middle Colonies develop?
New York: Thriving _________________ colony seized by English; major port, proprietary colony; diverse
population
New Jersey: piece of New York given to other proprietors; land and freedoms offered to attract settlers; diverse
population; lacked major port so less profitable; became a _______________ colony
Pennsylvania: established under __________________ ideals; welcomed diverse immigrants; constitution;
elected legislature
Delaware: lower part of Pennsylvania settled by the ________________; allowed to function as a separate colony