NAME_______________________
Chapter 13 North and South (1820-1860) Section 3 Southern Cotton Kingdom
Rise of the Cotton Kingdom
•Eli Whitney’s cotton gin transformed ____________________ production
•To the South it was the “most perfect and the most ____________________ invention”
•1790- The South was an underdeveloped ____________________ region
•In 1790, most Southerners lived in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina (____________________ South)
Changes in the South
•1850- Population spread inland to the ____________________ South
•____________________, South Carolina, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas
•The ____________________ was thriving
•But ____________________ on slavery
•____________________ was growing stronger than ever in the South
•Due to ____________________
Cotton Rules the Deep South
•In ____________________ times, the main crops of the South were…
•____________________, ____________________, and ____________________
•After the American Revolution, the demand for these crops decreased
•____________________ mills wanted Southern cotton
•Cotton took a lot of work to produce and workers had to separate the _____________ seeds from the cotton fibers
Making Cotton Production Easier
•With Eli Whitney’s cotton gin a worker could produce ____________________ times more each day
•Because the cotton gin processed cotton fibers so quickly, farmers wanted to grow more cotton to increase their
____________________
•Southern planters depended on ____________________ labor to plant and pick their cotton
•The Upper South produced ____________________, hemp, wheat, and vegetables
•The Deep South was ____________________ to cotton
•The value on enslaved people ____________________
•The ____________________ South became a center for the sale and transport of enslaved people
Industry in the South
•Very little ____________________ took place in the South
•The entire South had a lower value of manufactured goods than the state of ____________________
•There were many ____________________ to industry in the South
•1. Cotton was so ____________________ (Main reason)
•2. There was a lack of ____________________ (Would have to sell slaves to build factories)
•3. The market for manufactured goods in the South was small (Enslaved people didn’t have _________________)
•4. Southerners simply didn’t ____________________ industry
•“As long as we have our rice, our sugar, our tobacco and our ____________________, we can command wealth to
produce all we want”
Southern Factories
•Some Southern leaders wanted to develop ____________________ in the South
•They realized they depended too much on the ____________________ for manufactured goods
•They also said the factories would help the less prosperous economy of the ____________________ South
•William ____________________ (____________________) opened his own textile factory
•Joseph Reid Anderson (Va) took over the Tredegar ____________________ Works
•During the ____________________ , Tredegar provided artillery and other iron products for the Southern forces
•These industries were the ____________________ rather than the rule in the South
Southern Transportation
•Natural rivers were used for ____________________ in the South
•Most towns were located on the ____________________ or by rivers
•Few ____________________ existed and ____________________ were poor
•The South had fewer ____________________ than the North
•Southern railroads were ____________________, local, and not interlinked
•Only ____________________ of the nation’s rail lines were in the South
•This rail shortage would seriously ____________________ the South during the Civil War
Essential Question
How did the South’s industry and economy differ from the industry and economy of the North?
- The South’s economy was based on ____________________ / The North’s economy was based on
____________________
- The South’s economy depended on ____________________ , while slavery had almost
____________________ in the North