CHAPTER 6 – The Progressive Movement Time Period:________________________________________________________ Lesson 1 – The Roots of Progressivism The Rise of Progressivism Progressivism 1. Muckrakers Who Were the Progressives? Progressive Beliefs? Demographics of Progressives 2. Muckrakers Direct Primary Initiative Legislation Referendum Examples of Muckrakers What they did Jacob Riis (How the Other Half Lives) Answer: What groups of people made up the Progressive Movement? Reforming Government 1. Recall Elizabeth Cady Stanton Making Government Efficient Frederick W. Taylor’s The Principles of Scientific Management Commission Plan 2. Democratic Reforms Suffrage 17th Amendment Robert La Follette Kinds of Democratic Reforms Progressives wanted 1. 2. 3. Women’s Suffrage 1. Early Challenges Issue in the abolitionist movement 1 Lobbying 2. o First Group? o Second Group? Building Support National American Woman Suffrage Association National Women’s Party 19th Amendment o Tactics and Protest? Carrie Chapman Catt Nineteenth Amendment Answer: What progressive goals did suffragists believe they could achieve if women had the right to vote? Reforming Society 1. 2. Advocate Social-welfare Progressives o Demographics? o Main issues? Child Labor John Spargo’s The Bitter Cry of the Children Results of the book? Health and Safety Codes Problems on the job? Lochner v. New York (1905) Muller v. Oregon (1908) Triangle Shirtwaist Company o 3. Prohibition 18th Amendment Progressive Responses to the tragedy? Hadacheck v. Sebastian (1915) Pennsylvania Coal v. Mahon (1922) The Prohibition Movement Temperance/Prohibition Women’s Christian Temperance Union 2 o 4. Francis Willard The Anti-Saloon League Progressives Versus Big Business Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) Socialism o Eugene Debs Lesson 2- Roosevelt and Taft Social Darwinism Roosevelt Revives the Presidency Trust Buster Arbitration 1. Roosevelt’s Beliefs? Roosevelt Takes on the Trusts Views on Trusts? Northern Securities o Northern Securities v. United States (1904) 2. Northern Securities and the Commerce Clause Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution 3. Coal Strike of 1902 United Mine Workers Roosevelt’s Role? 4. Regulating Big Business Department of Labor and Commerce “Gentlemen’s Agreement” Hepburn Act (1906) Issues in Consumer Protection o Medication o Meat Packing Upton Sinclair – The Jungle Government Responses to the Issues? 3 Environmental Conservation Meat Inspection Act? Conservation 1. Richard Ballinger Western Land Development Newlands Reclamation Act (1902) Gifford Pinchot o US Forest Service 2. You Answer: What was Teddy Roosevelt’s legacy? Insubordination Taft’s Reforms 1. Taft Angers Progressives Academic Taft’s Views on Tariffs? o Progressives o Conservative Republican’s o Payne-Aldrich Tariff 2. Taft’s Achievements Direct Tax Indirect Tax Trustbuster? Children’s Bureau Bureau of Mines Lesson 3 – The Wilson Years The Election of 1912 Candidates and Parties? 1. Wilson versus Roosevelt Roosevelt’s Positions o New Nationalism Income Taxes Wilson’s Positions o New Freedom Wilson’s Reforms 1. Income Taxes and the 16th Amendment 4 Unfair Trade Practices Article I, Section 2 of the US Constitution Supreme Court decision on Income Taxes The 16th Amendment Revenue Act of 1913 (Underwood Act) 2. Reforming the Banks Federal Reserve Act of 1913 o Purpose o Significance Unconstitutional 3. Antitrust Action Federal Trade Commission Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) o 16th Amendment Samuel Gompers views on the Act 4. Regulating Bug Business Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Adamson Act Federal Farm Loan Act Progressivism’s Legacies and Limits 1. New Roles for Government What new roles did the federal government take-on during the Progressive Era? 2. The Limits of Progressivism Most Significant limit? W.E.B. DuBois o Niagara Movement National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Anti-Defamation League 5