Grade 10 Science (SNC 2D1)
Unit: Chemistry
Notes: Ions and Ionic Bonding
Name:
Date:
Ions
•
Elements in the vertical column families develop the same ionic charges.
•
Metals tend to _________ electrons (form ________________________).
•
Non-metals tend to _________ electrons (form ____________________).
•
Metal cation + Non-metal anion = ___________________________________________.
Draw the following ions:
chlorine ion
magnesium ion
oxygen ion
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
•
A binary ionic compound is a compound composed of a metal cation and a non-metal anion.
•
The first part of the name identifies the ______________________________, which is the metal
cation.
•
The second part of the name identifies the ________________________, which is the
non-metal anion.
•
The name of the non-metal ion always ends with the suffix _______________.
Elements in Ionic
Compound
magnesium and phosphorus
Name of Ionic Compound
sodium and chlorine
calcium and bromine
aluminum and oxygen
Writing the formulas for binary ionic compounds
•
•
•
•
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Write the symbols with the metal first:
Write the charge above each symbol.
Cross over the numbers, not the charges.
Never write a subscript 1.
Write the formula, reduce if possible.
Example: aluminum oxide
Practice:
Elements in Ionic
Compound
Ions
Name
Chemical
Formula
potassium bromide
magnesium and chlorine
aluminum sulphide
calcium and oxygen
magnesium bromide
calcium and iodine
aluminum oxide
potassium and chlorine
magnesium nitride
sodium and phosphorus
Multivalent Metals
•
Multivalent metals have more than one ion charge listed on the periodic table.
•
For example, copper can form ions with a ____________________________.
•
Cu+1 = copper (I) and Cu+2 = copper (II)
•
Practice:
Chemical Formula
SnS2
Fe2O3
FeF3
Cr3P2
Cu3N = Cu+1N-3 = copper (I) nitride
Name
Grade 10 Science (SNC 2D1)
Unit: Chemistry
Notes: Molecules and Covalent Bonding
Name:
Date:
Molecular Compounds
• Molecular compounds are formed when atoms of two or more different elements
____________________ electrons
• A ___________________ bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
• For example: __________________________.
Diatomic molecules
• Elements that have two atoms joined by one or more covalent bonds to form a molecule
• For example:
Element
Chemical
formula of
molecule
# of electrons in
outer shell
# of electrons to
complete outer
shell
# of covalent
bonds formed
Lewis diagram of
molecule
Fluorine
F2
7
1
1
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Grade 10 Science (SNC 2D1)
Unit: Chemistry
Notes: Binary Molecular Compounds

Name:
Date:
Binary molecular compounds are compounds composed of _________________________________
joined by one or more _________________________ bonds.

For example: ______________________________________
Steps to naming a binary molecular compound:
Prefix
1. How many atoms of the 1st element? Write the correct prefix.
Never use the prefix mono- for the 1st element.
2. How many atoms of the 2nd element? Write the correct prefix.
Number
1
2
3
3. Write the suffix –ide to the 2nd element.
4
For example: N2O4 = dinitrogen tetraoxide
5
Chemical
Formula
6
Name
7
NO2
8
Bromine monochloride
PCl3
Disulphur dinitride
CCl4
Diphosporus hexoxide
CO
More Practice:
CS2
_______________________________
nitrogen trifluoride
_______________________
PF5
_______________________________
phosphorus tribromide ______________________
Si2Br6 _______________________________
nitrogen trihydride
_______________________
P2O5
_______________________________
dinitrogen pentoxide _______________________
NO2
_______________________________
dihydrogen oxide
_______________________
Grade 10 Science (SNC 2D1)
Unit: Chemistry
Notes: Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
Name:
Date:

A polyatomic ion is an ion that is composed of ___________________________________________.

A ternary compound is a compound composed of ______________________ different elements.

For example: calcium hydroxide ____________, each molecule is composed of _____ calcium atom,
______ oxygen atoms, and _______ hydrogen atoms.

Naming compounds with polyatomic ions follows the same rules as other ionic compounds:
1. Write the ______________ 1st (e.g. calcium, Ca+2)
2. Write the ______________ 2nd (e.g. hydroxide, OH-)
Common Polyatomic Ions
Charge
Name
Chemical Formula
+1
(NH4 ) +
-1
(HCO3 ) (OH ) (NO3 ) (NO2 ) (ClO3 ) -
-2
(CO3 ) –2
(SO4 ) –2
(SO3 ) –2
(O2 ) –2
-3
(PO4 ) –3
(PO3 ) -3
Practice:
Name
Chemical Formula
calcium carbonate
CaCO3
ammonium sulphate
(NH4)2SO4
Mg3(PO3)2
potassium sulphate
calcium nitrate
Fe2(SO3)3
sodium phosphate
LiOH
cobalt(II) phosphate