Chapter 1
Study Guide
NAME:__________________________________________________________
Microbiology BI234
Do to past cheating on study guides these guides MUST be written and
will not be accepted as a typed document.
Define microbiology
List the 5 main groups
of living
microorganisms.
Why are viruses not
considered microbes
even though we study
them in microbiology?
According to the fossil
record, how long have
microbes been on this
planet?
What is the difference
between eukaryotic
and prokaryotic cells?
Which type appeared
first?
Bacteria are
ubiquitous, found
nearly everywhere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. viruses
State at least 3 places where you could find microbes
1.
2.
3.
Define evolution
Define theory from a
scientific perspective
Describe four ways that 1.
microbes have shaped
our planet
2.
3.
4.
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Describe four ways that 1. Food production=
microbes have
impacted humans
2. Antibiotic production=
3. Genetic Engineering=
4. Bioremediation=
Define pathogen
List four diseases that
affect humans.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describe the concept of
spontaneous
generation
give an example of why
some people believed
spontaneous
generation
Explain the difference
between abiogenesis
and biogenesis.
How did Louis Pasteur
demonstrate that air
contained living,
invisible microbes?
Draw a picture of his
experiment.
Describe the
contribution of Robert
Hooke to the field of
microbiology.
Describe the
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contribution of Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek to
the field of
microbiology.
Explain four examples
of recent advances in
microbiology as
described in Table 1.2
Discovery
Description of Discovery
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describe some of the
applications that
resulted from the germ
theory of disease
How did the discovery
of bacterial endospores
affect sterilization?
Describe Holmes and
Semmelweis's
contribution to medical
microbiology.
Explain how Joseph
Lister impacted
medical microbiology?
Explain the germ
theory of disease and
describe two scientists
that contributed to it.
Describe two
characteristics of
prokaryotic cells
Describe two
characteristics of
eukaryotic cells
Describe two
characteristics of
viruses
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Define macromolecule
List the four main types 1.
of biological molecules. 2.
3.
4.
Describe
macromolecule,
subunit, and polymer
and how they relate to
each other
Complete the chart at
Macromolecule
right.
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Subunit
Polymer
Example
Fatty acid
Peptide/Polypeptide
Nucleic acid
Describe carbohydrates
including the elements
that compose them.
Draw a carbohydrate
Describe the function
of these
polysaccharides and
explain why these
polysaccharides are
important to know in
microbiology
Polysaccharide
Function
Relationship to
Microbiology
Agar
Peptidoglycan
Lipopolysaccharide
Glycolcalyx
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Complete the chart at
right that describes
some of the structures
and functions of the 4
major lipid types in a
cell.
Lipid Type
Description of Structure
Description of
Function
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Steroids
Waxes
Explain the relationship
of the terms: proteins,
amino acids, peptides
and polypeptides
Describe each of the 4
types of protein
structures
Protein
Structure Level
Primary
Description
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Explain the most
important outcome of
the various forms of
bonding and folding of
proteins.
Describe the structure
and function of
enzymes
Explain the relationship
between a protein in
its native state and one
in its denatured state
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Explain the relationship
between DNA, RNA and
proteins.
Describe the two
functions of ATP the
cell
1.
2.
What 3 elements are
present in all of the 4
biological
macromolecules?
Describe nomenclature
Describe classification
Explain the binomial
system of
nomenclature and give
two examples.
List the eight
taxonomic categories
from most general to
most specific.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
List the 3 domains in
taxonomy
1.
2.
3.
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What domain is each of
Kingdom
these Kingdoms
Bacteria
classified under?
Archaea
Domain
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
***Understanding of ALL of the underlined terms in this document is needed to succeed in this class. To
further study these terms do one of the following:
Make flash cards of all terms
Make a concept map of all terms (if you don’t know what this is look it up on Wikipedia)
Write out definitions of all terms
Or come up with your own way of studying these terms. Just make sure to ok it with me to make sure you’ll
get your extra credit.
This must be turned in attached to this study guide at the time the study guide is due!!!!
What’s working well
and what’s a
suggestion to help
things work better?
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