Review—Bacteria, Protists, & Fungi
Kingdoms Archaebacteria & Eubacteria
1. Describe some important beneficial roles of bacteria.
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Producers that capture energy by photosynthesis
Decomposers that break down decaying organic matter
Nitrogen fixers that convert nitrogen gas in the soil to a usable form for plants
Inhabit animal intestinal tracts to aid in digestion and provide vitamins
Used to clean up oil spills and environmentally (such as mining copper)
Used to make foods like cheese, yogurt and sourdough bread
2. Draw and label the 3 basic shapes of bacteria.
Round (cocci)
Rod (bacilli)
3. Draw Streptococcus.
Draw Staphylococcus.
Spiral (spirilla)
Draw. Streptobacillus.
4. How do bacteria reproduce sexually? Asexually?
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Sexually – conjugation; They build a hollow tube using the pili and exchange DNA
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Asexually – binary fission and spore formation; no exchange of DNA
5. Contrast the functions of flagella and pili.
 Flagella – movement
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Pili – Cell to cell contact; used in reproduction
6. What is the difference between Penicillium and Penicillin?
Penicillium is the green mold that produces the antibiotic penicillin (a compound that kills bacteria)
7. Who was Alexander Fleming?
The scientist that discovered penicillin
8. What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic?
Aerobic means “with oxygen” and Anaerobic means “without oxygen”
9. What was the name of the kingdom that contained all bacteria when the 5 kingdom system was used?
Monera
10. List and Describe the following diseases associated with bacteria: Diptheria, smallpox, anthrax
Know the bacterial disease names on page 486 and the viral disease names on page 489. Be able
to recognize the difference between a viral disease and bacterial disease.
Kingdom Protista
11. Name, draw and Label the protist with pseudopods.
nucleus
The amoeba.
Contractile vacuole
12. Draw and Label a Euglena and explain how it moves.
The flagellum propels it through the water.
flagellum
13. Draw and label a paramecium. What are the two uses for its cilia?
cilia
1. movement
2. to sweep food into the mouth
14. The protists with silica shells are diatoms
silica that is used in everyday things.
. Why are they useful to us? They provide us with
15. Why are algae important to us?
They provide the majority of the oxygen in the atmosphere. They are also the main source of food
for many aquatic animals.
16. In what ways are diatoms used in everyday things?
In abrasive cleaners, to make road paint sparkle, in glass
17. What causes malaria? The bite from a mosquito infected with Plasmodium
Kingdom Fungi
18. What is the most important role of a fungus?
Decomposer
19. What are other important roles of fungi?
Sources of food, produce antibiotics, symbiotic relationships with plants
20. What is the only unicellular fungus and what is one of its main uses? How do they reproduce?
Yeast. By budding.
21. How do fungi eat?
Absorption
22. Explain mutualism and one example involving a fungus.
Mutualism – a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit. Ex. Lichens – fungus and a
photosynthetic bacteria (p. 540)
23. What is the importance of spores in fungi?
Reproduction
24. Draw and Label a mushroom.
Page 528
25. Fill in the chart. Add as much as you can to each box.
Domain
Archea
Bacteria
Bacteria
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Cell Type
Cell Structure
Prokaryote
Cell walls w/o
peptidogylcan
Prokaryote
Cell walls w/
peptidoglycan
Body Form
Unicellular
Unicellular
Nutrition
Auto/Heterotroph
Habitat/Location
Found
Examples
Protista
Eukarya
Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell walls of
cellulose; some
have chloroplasts
Most Unicellular,
some Multicellular
Eukaryote
Cell wall with chitin
Heterotrophic &
Autotrophic
Auto/Heterotroph
Heterotrophic only
Extreme
environments
Soil, water, air,
intestines of animals
Water
Damp, moist
places
Methanogen,
halophiles
Escherichia coli,
Algae, Eulgena,
Paramecium,
Amoeba, diatoms
Mushrooms, Yeast
(unicellular), mold
Benefits
Cycle nutrients
Aid Digestion in
animals,
decomposers
Provide oxygen,
food
Decomposers,
source of food,
antibiotics
Diseases
None known
Lyme, tetanus,
diphtheria, strep
throat, tuberculosis
Malaria, amebic
dysentery
Athlete’s Foot
Ringworm
Lactobacillus,
Streptococcus
Multicelluar, one
Unicellular