AP Government Unit 1 Review Sheet - Foundations of Government
Democracy contradictions? will of majority v. rights of minority equality of opportunity
History of U.S. Government
Articles of Confederation – weaknesses
Annapolis (1786)
Philadelphia (1787) purpose people (Madison, Washington, Hamilton, Franklin)
Compromises
Legislative (VA Plan, NJ Plan, CT Comp.)
Executive (President, 4-yr. term, Electoral College)
Judicial (USSC, Congress creates others, jurisdiction)
3/5 th Compromise
Trade and Commerce Compromise
Holtsford
Principles
Popular Sovereignty and Limited Government
Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances
Federalism – floor and ceiling?
Ways to Compare Governments
Geographic Distribution of Power (how many levels?)
Unitary/Confederate/Federal
Relationship with Legislative and Executive power
Parliamentary/Presidential
How many participate in Government
Democracy (direct or pure/indirect or representative)
Dictatorship/Authoritarian regime/Totalitarian regime
Changing the Constitution
Formally through the Amendment process
Congress proposes (2/3 vote in each house) an amendment
States ratify (3/4 of them) to add to Constitution
Informally through: court cases/tradition/congressional statutes/media and technology/others roles of government politics political participation policymaking linkage institutions traditional democratic theory (Dahl) - equality in voting/effective participation/enlightened understanding/citizen control of the agenda/inclusion pluralism v. elite v. hyperpluralism theory challenges to democracy - increased technical expertise/limited participation/campaign costs/diverse political interests
Shays' Rebellion
Federalists v. Anti-federalists
Federalist Papers
McCulloch v. Maryland
Full Faith and Credit Clause (Article IV)
Privileges and Immunity Clause (Article IV) dual federalism v. cooperative federalism categorical grants v. block grants federal mandates
James Bryce/Morton Grodzins
Federalist 47, 48, 51 (Madison)/ Federalist 16,17 (Hamilton)