Chapter 12 Study Guide
APUSH
Overview
This chapter covers the way in which the North was affected by the commercialization and
industrialization that defined the Market Revolution. The preindustrial ways of work and trade
gave way to industrial and commercial methods. The Market Revolution transformed the North
into an urbanized, industrializing society of workers connected to expanded commercial
markets. As new social classes emerged in urban areas, an equally new social order developed
to cope with the deep-rooted, substantial changes in patterns of work and daily living.
After reading this chapter you should be able to:
Use the Lowell mill women to illustrate the development of a community of workers.
Compare the preindustrial ways of working to the changes brought on by the Market
Revolution.
Trace the beginning of the Market Revolution in America.
Outline the transition from an artisan to a worker.
Explain the changes in the social order due to the Market Revolution.
Describe the changes in values and attitudes in people as they experienced the Market
Revolution.
Discuss how evangelical religion, sentimentalism and transcendentalism, helped the new
middle class adjust to change.
Discuss how the North and South developed different types of regional cultures due to the
changes in their economic systems.
Key Terms:
Lowell Mills
Transportation Revolution
Erie Canal
Market Revolution
People:
DeWitt Clinton
Putting-out System
Samuel Colt
Isaac Singer
American System
Francis Cabot Lowell
Cyrus McCormick
Eli Whitney
Review Questions
Answer the following questions in a minimum of 2-3 sentences.
1. How was life at Lowell supposed to be different than in other factory towns? Was it
different?
2. How did rural and urban production differ from the way items are produced today?
3. How was society during the 1800s patriarchal?
4. What impact did the improvements and advent of roads, canals and steamboats, and
railroads have on commerce and society in general.
5. How did the “putting out system” change the nature of the production of industrial
goods?
6. What impact did John Deere and Cyrus McCormick have on farming?
7. Was what Lowell did ethical?
8. Slater’s mills changed local communities. How did he do this?
9. What was revolutionary about the American system of manufacturing?
10. The change of the industrial society in the North helped increase the gap between the
North and South. How did this take place?
11. Evaluate the effects that industrialization had on the role and status of artisans.
12. Life for workers in the nineteenth century was similar to how people live today.
Evaluate the previous statement.
13. How did cash change the nature of workers?
14. What impact did the Second Great Awakening have on society and people’s lives?
15. How did industrialization change the family structure?
16. What methods were used to control family sizes?
17. What were some of the codes for middle class women?
18. How did Thoreau and Emerson challenge and inspire people during this period?