Unit 9: Energy in the Earth System
Chapter 27: Weather and Climate
Name____________________________
Review Assignment
Vocabulary Review
Match the letter of the definition on the right with the term on the left. Write the letter in the blank provided. Each set has an extra definition that will not be used.
Set One-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. _____Coriolis effect
2. _____trade winds a. global wind pattern formed when air over the poles cools, sinks, and spreads over the surface b. large circular patterns of surface ocean currents
3. _____prevailing westerlies c. global wind pattern named for the fact that sailors used these winds to travel to new lands where they interacted
4. _____polar easterlies with other cultures d. cold winds that blow in early spring
5. _____gyres e. global wind pattern that flows over most of the continental
United States f. the bending of wind and ocean currents due to Earth’s rotation
Set Two-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. _____cirrus
2. _____cumuliform
3. _____stratiform a.
clouds that look like popcorn with flat base b. cloud type that looks like wispy white streaks high in the sky c. cloud type that looks like a lumpy blanket
4. _____stratocumulus d. cloud type that looks like a smooth gray sheet
5. _____dew point temperature e. air temperature in which more water in atmosphere is evaporating than condensing f. air temperature where condensation rate first exceeds evaporation rate
Set Three---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. _____cold front a. energy stored when water changes from liquid to gas and released when water condenses b. high altitude fast-moving wind 2. _____warm front
3. _____jet stream c. when a cold air mass moves in and replaces warm air at
Earth’s surface
4. _____temperature inversion d. when temperatures near the ground are cooler than the air
5. _____latent heat temperature up high e. fast-moving winds near Earth’s surface f. when a warm air mass overtakes cooler air in a region

Unit 9: Energy in the Earth System
Chapter 27: Weather and Climate Review Assignment
Set Four---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. _____El Niño a. climate region which contains plants and animals uniquely adapted to this environment b. distance from equator, measured in degrees 2. _____southern oscillation
3. _____climate
4. _____biome
5. _____permafrost c. area of Earth that stores more carbon than it releases into the atmosphere d. Peruvian fishermen’s name for the arrival of warm water currents along their shores e. the long-term average of a region’s weather f. description of change in wind flow, air pressure, and thunderstorm activity occurring in Pacific ocean, from
Indonesia to Peru
Concept Review
1.
List the three states of water. Explain how all three states can be present at the same time in the atmosphere.
2.
What observations do Peruvian fishermen make that indicate El Nino is occurring?
3.
How is climate different than weather?
4.
Explain why seasons on Earth occur as they do in the northern hemisphere.
5.
Does a country in the Southern Hemisphere like Australia have the same seasonal changes at the same time as the United States? Explain why or why not.
6.
What is a jet stream? How does the jet stream affect airplane travel?

Unit 9: Energy in the Earth System
Chapter 27: Weather and Climate Review Assignment
7.
A classroom of students makes daily weather observations. One warm, clear, sunny morning, they record a reading of 30.0 inches of mercury from an aneroid barometer. At the end of the day, the reading is 28.9 inches of mercury. What kind of weather change do you expect to accompany the change in pressure?
8.
Cities located in valleys tend to experience more smog. Explain this phenomenon in terms of temperature inversion.
9.
Describe the weather pattern changes that accompany an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event.
10.
Climate data is provided on two cities—Portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota—at about the same latitude. Contrast the temperature variations. How are their respective climates affected by large bodies of water nearby? Describe this effect in terms of specific heat.
11.
What is permafrost, and how does it act as a “carbon sink”? Describe the possible effect of global warming on this carbon sink.
12.
What would be the heating degree day value and cooling degree day value for July 15 th in Dodgeville,
WI (average temperature on July 15 th in Dodgeville is 82°F)? a.
Heating degree day value = b.
Cooling degree day value =