Sociology
Topic Terms to Review
Intro and Sociological Perspective
1. Sociology
2. Who coined the term Sociology?
3. Global Perspective
4. Sociological Perspective
5. Paradigms
a. Symbolic Interaction
b. Social Conflict
c.
Structural Functional
-
Manifest Functions
-
Latent Functions
-
Social Dysfunctions
Culture
1. Culture
2. Culture Shock
3. Symbols
4. Norms
d. Folkways
b. Mores
5. Beliefs
6. Values
7. Characteristics of a “Global Culture”
8. Cultural Universals
9. Ethnocentrism
Social Interaction
1. Status
a. Ascribed Status
b. Achieved Status
c.
Master Status
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2. Role
a. Role Strain
b. Role Conflict
c.
Role Exit
3. Dramaturgical Analysis
4. Humor
Groups and Organizations
1. Social Group
a. Primary Groups
b. Secondary Groups
c.
Reference Groups
2. Group Conformity
a. Stanley Milgrim Experiment
b. Solomon Asch Experiment
c.
Philip Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment
3. Instrumental Leadership
4. Expressive Leadership
Deviance and Criminal Justice
1. Deviance vs. Crime
2. Stigma
3. Crimes against people vs. property
4. Labeling Theory
a. Retrospective Labeling
b. Projective Labeling
5. Deviant Subcultures
a. Retreatism
b. Ritualism
c.
Conflict
d. Criminal
6. White Collar Crime
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7. Hate Crime
8. Protecting Society
a. Social Protection
b. Deterrence
c.
Retribution
d.
Rehabilitation
Social Class in America
1. Social Stratification
2. Class system vs. Caste System
3. Upward vs. Downward Social Mobility
4. Blue Collar Occupations
5. White Collar Occupations
6. Relative Poverty vs. Absolute Poverty
Gender Issues
1. Janet Lever’s Study: Girls and Boys at recess
2. Margaret Mead’s Study on Gender
3. Patriarchy
4. Matriarchy
5. Gender Stratification
6. Sexism and Sexual Harassment
Family Issues
1. Family
a. Extended Family
b. Nuclear Family
2. Marriage
a. Number one reason to marry in America…
b. Monogamy
c.
Polygamy
d. Polyandry
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Review Test
Answer each question- check your results at the end.
1.
Sociology is…
a. The study of the human mind
b. The study of human society
c. The study of ancient cultures
2.
An example of seeing general patterns in specific groups of people would be…
a. Senior apathy at the end of the school year
b. Problems in the shipping industry
c. Understanding that America’s problems are even worse elsewhere
3.
Not having time to eat breakfast in the morning, because you over slept, is not as
serious as a famine in Somalia. This statement gives us an example of the…
a. Sociological Perspective
b. Manifest Function
c. Global Perspective
4.
Meeting your future spouse at work is an example of…
a. A manifest function
b. A latent function
c. A social dysfunction
5.
Going to the movies to be entertained is an example of…
a. A manifest function
b. A latent function
c. A social dysfunction
6.
Getting stung by bees at summer camp is an example of…
a. A manifest function
b. A latent function
c. A social dysfunction
7.
A school district that creates a harsh cheating policy because it understands the
connection between academic cheating and unethical practices in the real world would
be using which sociological paradigm to better understand and change society?
a. Structural-Functional
b. Social-Conflict
c. Symbolic- Interaction
8.
Online social networking is a positive activity because it has allowed millions of people to
communicate all over the world. This statement best represents the theories in which
sociological paradigm?
a. Structural- Functional
b. Social- Conflict
c. Symbolic- Interaction
9.
Freedom, religion, pride and education are all examples of…
a. Nonmaterial culture
b. Material culture
c. Norms
10. The American flag is a good example of a….
a. Nonmaterial culture
b. Symbol
c. Value
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11. Statements that entire cultures hold to be true (such as freedom or capitalism) are
known as…
a. Values
b. Beliefs
c. Cultural universals
12. Shaking hands, holding the door open for someone and laughing at funny jokes are all
examples of…
a. Mores
b. Taboos
c. Folkways
13. Following the speed limit, registering hand guns and paying your taxes are all examples
of…
a. Mores
b. Values
c. Folkways
14. Speeding tickets, laughing at your friend’s “weird” hairdo, prison for murderers and
detentions for late students are all different examples of…
a. Social Control
b. Folkways
c. Taboos
15. Skateboarders, dancers, drummers, basketball players, singers, landscapers and book
worms are all examples of…
a. Countercultures
b. Cultural Universals
c. Subcultures
16. The belief that Americans are better than Bushmen because we are more advanced
technologically, educationally and governmentally is an example of…
a. Ethnocentrism
b. Cultural Relativism
c. Multiculturalism
17. Laughter, raising children, the quest for food and shelter are all examples of…
a. Multiculturalism
b. Diffusion
c. Cultural Universals
18. All of the following are examples of cultural change except…
a. Invention
b. Discovery
c. Language
d. Diffusion
19. The various social positions we all hold are known as…
a. Roles
b. Statuses
c. Demeanors
20. Teacher, basketball coach, father, guitarist and home owner are examples of various…
a. Ascribed statuses
b. Achieved statuses
c. Master statuses
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21. The expected behavior and tasks associated with a status is a(n)…
a. Achieved status
b. Ascribed status
c. Role
22. White, male, teenager, brother are examples of…
a. Ascribed statuses
b. Roles
c. Achieved statuses
23. As a doctor Rex needs to perform surgery, however the surgery will prevent him from
attending his son’s soccer game. This struggle between doctor and father is best
described as a…
a. Role Conflict
b. Role Strain
c. Role Sadness
24. As a college student Jane has a busy day tomorrow. She has an accounting test, an
economics presentation and needs to hand in a marketing paper. This multitude of
college requirements, all on the same day, represents a…
a. Role Conflict
b. Role Strain
c. Status Conflict
25. The dramaturgical analysis deals with…
a. How we present ourselves in a wide range of social settings
b. The metaphor that we are like actors on society’s stage
c. Both A and B are correct representations of the dramaturgical analysis
26. After a big test Jimbo taps his friend Ronny on the shoulder to get his attention, then
gives Ronny a “thumbs up” to indicate how well he did. The shoulder tapping and
thumbs up are both crucial…
a. To demeanor
b. Forms of humor
c. Forms of nonverbal communication
27. The breaking of a norm in a social situation is known as ___. The attempt to help
someone recover from that mistake is known as ___.
a. Tact, embarrassment
b. Embarrassment, Tact
c. Demeanor, personal space
28. The joke “why is six afraid of seven”? (Answer-because seven, eight, nine) is hilarious
because it represents a pun in both the English language and our standard numbering
system. This is good proof that what must occur before we can find something
humorous?
a. We must relate to the information
b. We must not have any background information about the joke
c. I am devoid of all humor and do not know what you are talking about
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Answer
Answer
Answer
Term
29. Primary Group
30. Secondary Group
B. Homeowners, athletes, women
31. Category
C. Immediate family members, best friends
32. Social Group
D. Fans at an Iron Pigs game
33. Crowd
E. “Two or more people who identify and interact
with each other.”
Term
34. Utilitarian
Organization
Example
A. Key Club volunteers
35. Normative
Organization
B. Saturday Morning Detention students
36. Coercive
Organization
37. Formal
Organizations
C. “Large secondary groups that are formed to
achieve goals efficiently.”
D. PENN DOT, Verizon, Bank of America
38. Bureaucracy
E. Dorney Park employees
Term
39. Asch’s
Experiment
40. Milgram’s
Experiment
41. Zimbardo’s
Experiment
42. Darby and
Latane’s
Experiment
43. Genovese
Syndrome
Answer
Example
A. Employees at a pizza restaurant
Term
44. Instrumental
Leadership
45. Expressive
Leadership
46. Authoritarian
Leadership
47. Democratic
Leadership
48. Laissez-Faire
Leadership
Example
A. His mock prison showed how an abuse of power
can take place.
B. Line matching test showed that people do not want
to feel “left out”.
C. Conformity to his shock generator experiment
showed that people will follow directions from
authority figures.
D. Your chances to take charge in any given moment
decrease when you believe someone else will take
charge.
E. Their experiments helped to create the concept of
the bystander effect.
Example
A. Overall caring about the welfare of the group
B. “Hands off” approach to leadership
C. Leader whose only focus is the completion of the
task
D. Only the boss makes the decisions
E. Everyone has a say in task completion
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49. Sleeping in class is an example of…
a. How an action can be deviant but not criminal
b. How an action can be criminal but not deviant
c. Societal control
50. Police, lawyers, judges, and courts are all functioning parts of our…
a. Social Control System
b. Criminal Justice System
c. Stigmas
51. Heroin addicts can be classified as…
a. Conflict subculture members
b. Ritualist subculture members
c. Retreatist subculture members
52. After cheating on his forth girlfriend this school year, all the girls in high school started
viewing Randolph as nothing but a “two-timing, cheating bum”. This is an example of
how people gain…
a. Statuses
b. Stigmas
c. Labels
53. Matching…
a.___ White Collar Crimes
A. Gambling rings, drug dealing
b.___ Organized Crimes
B. Embezzlement, insider trading
c.___ Victimless Crimes
C. Speeding, Underage drinking
d.___ Hate Crimes
D. Cross burnings, race based murder
54. The fact that British people drive on the left side of the road, but Americans would be
arrested and have their licenses suspended if they tried to drive on the left side of the
road shows that…
a. We are correct about driving
b. Deviance varies according to cultural norms
c. All people should drive on the right side of the road
55. After your classmate has been called down to the main office, for a rules violation, for
the twentieth time this year, you can’t help but wonder about his future legal trouble.
Your thought is an example of…
a. Retrospective labeling
b. Stigma making
c. Projective labeling
56. After school detention, out of school suspension and Saturday Morning Detention are all
forms of…
a. Retribution
b. Societal Protection
c. Deterrence
57. Allowing a convicted drug dealer to take substance abuse courses while in prison is an
example of…
a. Retribution
b. Deterrence
c. Rehabilitation
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58. The unequal distribution of wealth, power and prestige in society is known as…
a. Gender stratification
b. Social stratification
c. Social mobility
59. Earl is a truck driver from Tallahassee. His father was a truck driver and his father’s
father was a day laborer in an orange orchard. The fact that Earl has maintained the
same level of social class as his relatives proves that…
a. Social stratification does not exist
b. Intragenerational social mobility in impossible
c. Social stratification often persists over generations
60. Rick was born into a poor family but worked hard in school and earned a full scholarship
to college. He eventually graduated from medical school and became a cardiologist.
After a series of law suits, Rick had to file for bankruptcy and eventually divorced his
wife. This social class rise and fall in Rick’s life is an example of…
a. Intragenerational social mobility
b. Intergenerational social mobility
c. Poverty
61. Construction worker, pipe fitter, crane operator and ice road trucker are all examples
of…
a. White collar occupations
b. Blue collar occupations
c. Social Class categories
62. The lack of resources for homeless refugees in war torn Sudan is so great that death
occurs almost every day as victims hike from camp to camp. This is an example of what
type of poverty?
a. Absolute Poverty
b. Relative Poverty
c. Low Class Poverty
63. The unequal distribution of wealth, power and prestige between the sexes is known as…
a. Gender
b. Sexism
c. Gender stratification
64. Which social anthropologist discovered that culture is “key” to defining gender roles?
a. Margaret Mead
b. Janet Lever
c. Solomon Asch
65. Which sociologist studied boys and girls at play and discovered that girls often play
passive games in which cooperation is necessary and winners and losers are nonexistent?
a. Margaret Mead
b. Janet Lever
c. Solomon Asch
66. Firing a female construction worker or refusing to have your teeth cleaned by a male
dental hygienist could be seen as forms of…
a. Gender stratification
b. Polygamy
c. Sexism
67. Parents and their children make up a(n)….
a. Extended Family
b. Nuclear Family
c. Family Unit
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68. At Thanksgiving dinner your family unit goes to your grandparents’ house to eat with the
rest of your kin. All these relatives make up your…
a. Extended family
b. Family unit
c. Nuclear family
69. Rebecca is a famous movie star who falls madly in love with an unemployed factory
worker named Henry. When Rebecca and Henry finally “tied the knot” their marriage
promoted the concept of…
a. Exogamy
b. Endogamy
c. Polygamy
70. A marriage between Tom, Jane, Sally and Mae would best be classified as…
a. Exogamy
b. Polygamy
c. Monogamy
Answer Key
1B
11A
21C
31B
41A
51C
61B
2A
12C
22A
32E
42E
52B
62A
3C
4B
13A
14A
23A
24B
33D
34E
43D
44C
53BACD
63C
64A
5A
15C
25C
35A
45A
54B
65B
6C
16A
26C
36B
46D
55C
66C
7B
17C
27B
37C
47E
56C
67B
10
8C
18C
28A
38D
48B
57C
68A
9A
19B
29C
39B
49A
58B
69A
10B
20B
30A
40C
50B
59C
70B
60A