Name __________________________
Chapter Four Review Worksheet
Multiple Choice
1.
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Symbolic interaction is a type of:
macrosociology theory.
microsociology theory.
mesosociology theory.
social structure.
2.
The significance of social structure to the experience of a student being in a classroom in a
college or university is such that:
a.
a street person would never be affected by that social structure.
b.
the same social structure influences both the instructor and the student.
c.
the influence of social structure is more important for its effect on the
instructor than on the student.
d.
social structure would not be guiding behavior in a college or university setting
since they are specialized settings.
3.
To a sociologist the term “status” means:
a.
a person’s occupational prestige level.
b.
a person’s position in a society or social group.
c.
a social group’s prestige level.
d.
a social group’s position in society.
4.
An ascribed status is:
a.
involuntary.
b.
best exemplified by the idea of one’s becoming an attorney.
c.
independent of what is inherited at birth.
d.
not related to one’s place in the life course.
5.
A master status:
a.
is independent of one’s ascribed status.
b.
cuts across other statuses one might hold.
c.
can stem only from one’s achieved status.
d.
is subordinate to one’s individual ascribed and achieved statuses.
6.
A contradiction or mismatch between an individual’s statuses:
a.
is known as status inconsistency.
b.
leads to a smooth unfolding of the relationship between status and social
interaction.
c.
is in conformity with the modern expectations of everyday society for most
statuses.
d.
is independent of norms.
7.
Which of the following describes an individual’s race, gender, and inherited social class?
a.
ascribed status
b.
achieved status
c.
status inconsistencies
d.
status incongruities
1
8.
The behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to a status are called:
a.
status symbols.
b.
master status indicators.
c.
roles.
d.
limitations.
9.
Wedding rings, military uniforms, and clerical collars are all examples of:
a.
social stigma.
b.
social class.
c.
status symbols
d.
achieved statuses.
10.
A ___________ consists of people who regularly interact with one another.
a.
group
b.
role
c.
status
d.
status set
11.
The organized ways a society meets its basic needs are called:
a.
social institutions.
b.
roles.
c.
groups.
d.
status assignments.
12.
The best example of an emerging social institution is:
a.
the mass media.
b.
the family.
c.
religion.
d.
medicine.
13.
According to _____________, social institutions are used by the elite for its own advantage?
a.
functionalists
b.
conflict theorists
c.
symbolic interactionists
d.
dramaturgists
14.
The Amish in the United States represent an example of:
a.
organic solidarity.
b.
Gesellschaft.
c.
Gemeinschaft.
d.
a deviant subculture that is not legally protected in our society.
15.
Which of the following statements about stereotypes is incorrect?
a.
when you first meet someone, the assumptions you have about certain social characteristics have a
tendency to shape your first impressions of that person
b.
stereotypes are unlikely to be self-fulfilling
c.
stereotypes can have an impact on what we are able to accomplish because they influence how others’
behave toward us
d.
people are able to resist stereotypes and change outcomes
2
16.
Hall’s four different distance zones conclude that which of the following is a correct assessment of how North
Americans view physical distance from themselves to others?
a.
an intimate distance that extends about eighteen inches
b.
a narrow public distance that is less than three feet
c.
a personal distance that extends well beyond five feet
d.
a social distance that extends twelve to eighteen feet.
17.
Role conflict occurs when:
a.
we become the roles we play.
b.
a person can not satisfy the expectations of two or more roles.
c.
changes in prestige level modify a role.
d.
a person does not have a proper stage for his or her role.
18.
What is the concept that refers to the situation when a student tries to excel in class but is
criticized for making classmates look bad?
a.
role exit
b.
face-saving behavior
c.
ethnomethodology
d.
role strain
19.
According to Goffman, where do we go when we want to be ourselves?
a.
front stage
b.
back stage
c.
inside the drama
d.
outside the drama
20.
Which of the following statements apply to social setting, appearance, and manner?
a.
they are less important than role performance for impression management.
b.
they are sign-vehicles used by individuals for managing impressions.
c.
they are more important for females than males.
d.
they are techniques for saving face when a performance fails.
21.
If you went to your doctor’s office and he/she started cutting your hair this would be an example of violating:
a.
face-saving behavior
b.
impression management
c.
a master status.
d.
background assumption
22.
He encouraged his students to act as though they did not understand the basic rules of social life.
a.
Harold Garfinkel
b.
Erving Goffman
c.
Edward Hall
d.
W. I. Thomas
23.
The Thomas Theorem states that:
a.
if something can go wrong, it will.
b.
work expands to fill the time one has to complete it.
c.
if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.
d.
people rise to their level of incompetence.
3
24.
The social construction of reality:
a.
is based on the effects society and social groups have in defining
particular views of life even if such views go against the actual objective truth.
b.
confirms that objective, scientifically proven phenomenon, such as germs
causing illness, are accepted as fact by all societies.
c.
is something that is independent of subjective interpretation.
d.
is present as a definition of reality only for people who are in subcultures.
25.
What did the research on the Saints and the Roughnecks demonstrate? (119)
a.
social class is unimportant when it comes to encounters with teachers, police, and the general community.
b.
the reputations that the boys acquired as teenagers disappeared once they reached adulthood.
c.
the Saints were significantly less delinquent than the Roughnecks because they came from more solid
middle-class families.
d.
to understand what happened to the boys in the study, William Chambliss analyzed both the social
structure and the patterns of social interaction that characterized their lives.
Short Answer
26. What is social status and how does impact us? Describe the difference between ascribed, achieved and
master status.
27. Describe the differing viewpoints of functionalists and conflict theorists in the area of social institutions.
28. Define and describe the concept of dramaturgy.
Key People – know their contributions to Sociology
Ferdinand Tonnies, Erving Goffman, Harold Garfinkel, Mark Snyder, William Chambliss
4