初三上学期英语海淀区九年级第一学期英语期中测试
一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片，将代表图片的字母填在
相应的序号后。（共 5 分，每小题 1 分）
1. （
） 2. （
） 3. （
） 4. （
） 5. （
）
二 、 听 对 话 ， 根 据 对 话 内 容 判 断 6－ 10 小 题 所 给 句 子 的 正 误 。 正 确
的 写 T， 错 误 的 写 F。 （ 共 5 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
（
） 6. Paul has some trouble in learning English.
（
） 7. The girl used to worry about her tests.
（
） 8. The boy used to study all the time after school.
（
） 9. Anna went to school by bus.
（
） 10. Anna was late for class toda y.
三、听短文，选择最佳选项。（共 5 分，每小题 1 分）
（
） 11. When was the computer invented?
A. In the 21 s t century.
B. In the 20 t h century.
C. In the 19 t h century.
（
） 12. How was the computer in the 1960’ s?
A. Small and light.
B. Heavy but cheap.
C. Large and expensive.
（
） 13. How many people use the Internet today?
A. Millions of
B. Thousands of
C. Hundreds of
（
） 14. What is more and more popular among students?
A. Shopping on line.
B. Sending e-mails.
C. Using the Internet.
（
） 15. Why do some people like reading paper books?
A. They don’ t know how to use the computers.
B. They can’ t read or write on line with friends.
C. They don’ t think of computers as their friends.
四 、 听 短 文 ， 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 完 成 表 格 。 （ 共 10 分 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ）
The grade the student is in now
He is in Grade 16__________.
His idea about his first eight school years It was 17______________.
The time he spends on homework every day He spends 18 ___________
hours.
His feeling about his situation （状况）
now
The evaluation （评价）of himself now
He feels 19_________ and
_________.
20______________
基 础 知 识 运 用 （ 共 30 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
五、选择填空：
（
） 21. Peter went camping yesterday. ________ had a great
time.
A. She
B. He
C. They
D. We
（
） 22. S.H.E is ________ favorite group. I like them very
much.
A. your
B. her
C. his
D. my
（
） 23. Tom enjoys listening to classical music. He has
many _________.
A. CDs
B. clothes
C. games
D. comics
（
） 24. _______ Saturday morning, Carla often plays
volleyball with her friends.
A. By
B. At
C. On
D. In
（
） 25. Tina is ________. She likes to meet new people.
A. shy
B. serious
C. outgoing
D. quiet
（
） 26. － _____ guitar is this?
－ It might be Mary’ s. She plays the guitar.
A. Whose
B. Who
C. What
D. Which
（
） 27. If I ________ you, I would take a long walk before
going to bed.
A. am
B. was
C. are
D. were
（
） 28. Teenagers should not be allowed to _______.
（
） 29. That notebook _________ belong to John. It has his
name on it.
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. can’ t
（
） 30. － What would you do if you won the lottery?
－ I would give it _________ medical research.
A. of
B. for
C. to
D. at
（
） 31. Mr Zhou was really anxious _______ he can’ t find
his car.
A. while
B. because
C. though
D. until
（
） 32. The Olympic champions _________ all the audience
excited at 2004 Olympic Games.
A. let
B. saw
C. made
D. felt
（
） 33. I have to finish my homework first _________
cleaning up the room.
A. because of
B. instead of
C. in front of
D. at the end of
（
） 34. Paul is friendly to us. He always _______ good
solutions to our problems.
A. ends up
B. stays up
C. makes up
D. comes
up with
（
）35. － Mum, I’ ve got an “ A”in the English examination
today.
－ Great! And you are sure to win a second time because this
is a good ________.
A. report
B. result
C. skill
D. start
六. 完形填空：
（ A）
My biggest problem is that I’ m too busy. When I was young,
I used to have so much time, but these days I get up early and
stay in
36
all day. Then I go right home and
37
dinner.
Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time
playing games with my friends,
38
now I just don’ t have the
time anymore. In the evening I used to watch TV or chat with my
grandmother, but now I have to
39 . I love music, and my father
used to take me to
40 . These days, I hardly ever
41
time
for concerts. I do my homework and go to bed. I really
42
the
old days.
（
） 36. A. cinema
B. factory
C. hospital
D.
school
（
） 37. A. drink
B. get
C. eat
D. find
（
） 38. A. but
B. and
C. for
D. so
（
） 39. A. walk
B. study
C. play
D.
sing
（
） 40. A. zoos
B. museums C. movies
D.
concerts
（
） 41. A. have
B. use
C. learn
D. know
（
） 42. A. change
B. hate
C. miss
D.
think
（ B）
When most people think of the Olympics, they don’ t think
of science. But in the US, students compete in something called
Science Olympiad.
It has lots of
43
events. Students go there to show
how much they know about the science of music, biology, chemistry
and others. My best event is forestry （ 森 林 学 ） .
This month, I went to the Olympiad with my school’ s team.
We had worked hard, but this was the state comp etition. It would
be
44
to win.
The Olympiad was in three big rooms. When we
45
there,
we set up our team’ s “ camp” off to one side. The big day had
come at last!
First, I went to watch the tower building competition.
That’ s when students build small towers and hope they can hold
up a lot of
46 .
One of my schoolmates was putting weights on her tower.
She was
47 , and in the end her tower couldn’ t hold it －
it
48
! I felt sad for her.
When it was time for my event, forestry, I knew
49
all
of the leaves and could answer most of the questions.
50 ,
we won second place in the whole state! A nice man gave me a medal
and smiled at me. I had a great time at the Science Olympiad. I
can’ t wait for next year!
（
） 43. A. different
D. important
（
） 44. A. frustrating
D. easy
（
） 45. A. studied
D. got
（
） 46. A. height
D. boxes
（
） 47. A. energetic
D. nervous
（
） 48. A. built
D. won
（
） 49. A. almost
D. finally
（
） 50. A. At present
D. In public
B. difficult
C. expensive
B. interesting
B. left
C. hard
C. taught
B. weight
C. books
B. confident
C. proud
B. broke
C. finished
B. mostly
C. hardly
B. Later on
C. In the end
阅 读 部 分 （ 共 30 分 ）
七 、 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 22 分 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ）
阅 读 下 面 一 幅 图 表 和 两 篇 短 文 ，根 据 图 表 或 短 文 内 容 ， 从 51－
61 小 题 所 给 的 A、 B、 C、 D 四 个 选 项 中 ， 选 择 最 佳 选 项 。
（ A）
We asked how much time people spent with different media
（ 大 众 传 播 媒 介 ） in the last 24 hours. This is the result of our
survey.
（
day.
） 51. Surfing on the Internet costs people ________ each
A. more than an hour
B. about an hour
C. half an hour
D. about three hours
（
） 52. People spend much more time in _________ than
talking on the phone.
A. reading newspapers
B. reading magazines
C. watching TV
D. playing video games
（
） 53. It takes people __________ time to listen to the
radio in all these activities.
A. little
B. a little
C. the shortest
D. the longest
（ B）
Why do you remember Hello Kitty, Snoopy and all the other
playful animals? What makes you love them? Well, maybe because
they’ re like the people around you. Think about it! You ma y just
find a friend or classmate who is like them. Is he or she:
As sweet as Hello Kitty: She likes to eat cakes. She loves
to make new friends. She asks friends to her tea parties. She is
warm and sunny and will always help you.
As clever as Snoopy: He went to school when he was nine.
He learned to use a typewriter in two years! He thinks a lot. He
is so clever that you like to be with him.
As sarcastic （ 讽 刺 的 ）as Garfield: He sits happily in the
seat and says sharp words to you. Sometimes he is not nice. He
doesn’ t really like you? He thinks you’ re a fool? No, in his
heart, he loves you. He is a friend with hard words but a warm
heart.
As naughty as Mashimaro: He doesn’ t look like a good boy.
He has sleepy eyes and looks naughty. He always plays tricks on
people. So you get angry with him and don’ t like him very much.
His mind is active and full of ideas. He tries to be big and catch
your eye. But, he’ s still a child.
（
） 54. If you want to make a friend like Snoopy, he or
she must be ________ at least.
A. clever
B. naughty
C. active
D. sweet
（
） 55. Tom’ s friend is always warm-hearted with sharp
words. He is just like _______.
A. Hello Kitty
B. Mashimaro
C. Snoopy
D. Garfield
（
） 56. The underlined words plays tricks probably mean
_______.
A. plays games
B. makes mistakes
C. makes fun of
D. makes friends
（
） 57. According to the passage, people love cartoon
animals because ________.
A. they are the animals that often make people laugh
B. their personalities are like the people around them
C. the cartoon animals are sunny, warm and full of ideas
D. they always help people, think a lot and try to be big
（ C）
Maria sat by the glass door that faced the side yard. The
door hadn’ t been opened as long as she had lived there. The dirty
yard outside was overgrown with weeds （ 杂 草 ） . Maria liked to
look at the weeds. Small flowers would grow, followed by seed balls.
And the seed carriers would fly away.
The late afternoon sunlight died into night. Turning on
the light, Maria picked up her colored pencil s and notepaper. She
worked on a picture of a clearing in a forest.
“ Maria! ” called her father, who knew where to find her.
“ I’ m back! ” He had been working at the apartments next door.
“ Did you fix their broken blender, Papa? ” She asked, and
he said, “ Yes. ” He pushed his daughter’ s wheelchair into the
kitchen so that she could help him prepare dinner. Maria cut up
the vegetables that Papa had grown in the small yard behind the
house. She loved their bright colors, their strange shapes, and
their fresh, crispy taste before being cooked. She would have
loved to garden herself, but it was hard for her to sit on the
ground and work.
As they ate and talked about their day, Papa told Maria
that his brother, Ramon, would be coming over the next day t o help
him with a special project. Papa had asked Mr. Yamato, the bus
driver, to take her to Aunt Gabriela’ s house after school. Then
Papa would pick her up when the project was finished. Maria
wondered why she had to be away while he worked. There was
something in Papa’ s eyes and in his voice, perhaps － that told
her not to ask.
When Papa brought her home the next evening, he asked her
to close her eyes while he took her to the glass door. She heard
him open the curtain. Then he said, “ Open your eyes. ”
Surely she was dreaming! The tall crowd of weeds was gone.
In its place was a beautiful garden. There were young trees,
flowery bushes, and colorful little flowers. Papa opened the glass
door. He wheeled Maria to a path that placed her at the heart o f
the little garden. Then she saw the best part. Along the house
were raised wooden beds of soil, just waiting to be planted －
by her! They were exactly the right height for her to reach from
her wheelchair.
“ First I’ ll draw a plan, ” she said excitedly.
“ And then we’ ll go to the garden center, ” said Papa.
“ You’ re a gardener now, Maria! ”
（
） 58. From the story, we can learn that Papa ________.
A. likes his garden better than his daughter
B. is interested in fixing broken blenders
C. wants the readers to look at his project
D. cares very much for his daughter Maria
（
） 59. The author wants to __________ by writing this
passage.
A. impress the readers with a happy and moving story
B. show us plants for sale at the garden center in the yard
C. encourage readers that gardening is easy and full of
fun
D. inform readers about some special projects with
gardening
（
） 60. Maria could not help Papa in the garden because
________.
A. Papa didn’ t want anyone to touch his flowers
B. it was hard for her to sit on the ground and work
C. she didn’ t know how to care for vegetable plants
D. the garden was full of weeds and tiny seed balls
（
） 61. The best title for the story is _________.
A. A special problem
B. A beautiful garden
C. Maria’ s garden
D. A girl on wheelchair
八、任务型阅读（共 8 分，每小题 2 分）
你了解美国的中学生吗？请你读一读下面的介绍，并根据你读
到的信息完成表格。
Have you ever met anyone of your age from America? Do you
think you would have a lot in common with middle school students
there?
With only one look, you can see lots of differences. For
example, classes in American schools are smaller tha n yours. Most
classes have no more than 30 students. Most students in the US
don’ t wear school uniforms. And they don’ t have group exercises
each day as the way you do. If they saw your exercises, they would
think you were very strange!
In fact, Chinese students and American students have very
different lives.
What’ s the first thing you think about when you wake up
in the morning? It’ s probably your lessons at school. Chinese
students are very hard－ working, always under lots of stress from
their parents and teachers.
Chinese students study hard at night, and sometimes even
on the weekend because their exams are very important.
For Chinese students, school is life, but not for American
students. They don’ t have to worry about passing exams all the
time, so they can spend time in and out of school doing things
they enjoy. Kids do different things for fun, like playing sports,
making music or surfing the Web.
But many American teachers think that just studying hard
isn’ t enough to make a good student. They encourage students to
become well－ rounded by trying lots of different things.
62 ________
US
China
classes
smaller, no more than 30
bigger
students
uniforms
63__________
wear uniforms
lessons
not the only important thing very important, school is
life
stress
not much
64 ___________
free time
65 ___________:
not much free time: study
play sports, make music or hard at night, even on the
surf the Web
weekend
综 合 语 言 运 用 （ 共 35 分 ）
九 、 词 汇 （ 共 10 分 ， 每 空 1 分 ）
你 在 与 同 学 聚 会 时 遇 到 老 同 学 Tom， 你 发 现 他 在 外 貌 、 性 格 及
学业方面都有很多变化，请描述一下，只填写序号。
A. to be shy
B. joining after-school clubs
C. get a tutor for help
D. forgetting the new words
E. to have short hair
F. asking teachers for help
G. make flashcards
H. to read very slowly
I. make mistakes in grammar J. to like reading novels
K. find a pen pal
L. doing lots of exercises
1. I’ m glad to see Tom. He used _______ 、 _______、 _______、
_______。
2. But now he has changed a lot. I think he studies harder
than before. He studies for tests by ______ 、 _______、 _______。
3. He’ s very busy every day. If he had time, he would
_______、 _______、 _______。
十 . 仿 写 （ 10 分 ）
（ A）每 个 学 校 都 有 校 规 ，请 根 据 表 格 中 提 供 的 内 容 ，写 出 这 所 学 校
的校规。（共 4 分，每空 1 分）
be allowed
be not allowed
bring drinks to school
bring mobile phones to school
bring dictionaries to school
run in the hallway
play basketball
come late to school
run and exercise
get the ears pierced
（ B）John 的 父 母 对 他 要 求 很 严 格 ，请 你 仿 照 上 面 的 文 段 ，根 据 以 下
五 幅 图 介 绍 John 在 家 被 允 许 或 不 被 允 许 做 的 事 情 ， 并 简 单 说 明 理 由 。
（ 字 数 50－ 70） （ 共 6 分 ）
John is the only child in his family. His parents are
strict with him. He ______________,
________________________________________________________
十 一 . 书 面 表 达 （ 15 分 ）
下 面 四 个 图 形 显 示 的 是 对 某 班 学 生 （ 50 人 ） 进 行 问 卷 调 查 的 结
果 ，请 你 任 选 两 个 进 行 描 述 ，然 后 就 其 中 一 个 观 点 谈 谈 你 的 看 法 及 理 由 。
（ 字 数 80－ 100）
下面的词语和句型你可以参考使用。
词 语 ： distraction（ 分 心 的 事 ） ，
描 述 ： We can / can’ t do …
We should / shouldn’ t …
评 论 ： I think it’ s… / it makes us …
I don’ t think … because…
Last week we did a survey at New Star High school. Most
students think ________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
【试题答案】
附：听力材料
一 、 听 对 话 ，选 择 与 对 话 内 容 相 符 的 图 片 。（ 共 5 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
Dialogue 1
M: How do you study English well, Mary?
W: I learn by reading English novels in my free time.
Dialogue 2
W: Hi, Peter. You used to be very thin, didn’ t you?
M: Yes, I did. But now I’ m big and strong.
Dialogue 3
W: I think teenagers should be allowed to play computer
games.
M: I agree with you.
Dialogue 4
W: If I won the lottery, I’ d give the money to the zoo.
I want to help the pandas.
M: That’ s a good idea.
Dialogue 5
W: Whose pictures are these?
M: They must belong to Grace. She likes cartoon mice best.
二 、听 下 面 三 段 对 话 ，根 据 对 话 内 容 判 断 正 误 。（ 共 5 分 ，每 小 题 1
分）
听第一段对话，判断第 6 小题。
Dialogue 1
W: You look worried, Paul.
M: I am, Ms Mitchell. I’ m having trouble learning
English.
W: You said you liked English. What’ s the problem?
M: I can’ t get the pronunciation right.
W: Well, listening can help.
听 第 二 段 对 话 ， 判 断 第 7、 8 小 题 。
Dialogue 2
W: My six-year-old brother started school this week.
M: He’ s really lucky. Life was great when I was six.
W: Really? Why?
M: Oh, schoolwork was really easy.
W: Not for me. I didn’ t use to like tests. Now I don’ t
worry about tests.
M: And I used to play every day after school. But now I
just study all the time.
听 第 三 段 对 话 ， 判 断 第 9、 10 小 题 。
Dialogue 3
M: What’ s wrong with you, Anna?
W: I think I’ m going to fail my math test, dad.
M: Ur? You?
W: Well, I missed the bus and I had to walk to school.
M: So?
W: I’ m not allowed to get to class late. And there was
a big test today.
三、听短文，选择最佳选项。（共 5 分，每小题 1 分）
The computer is one of the most important inventions in
the twentieth century. It is very important an d useful in modern
life. Computers have changed the world. They can be used in many
fields today. They can also do a lot of work more quickly than
a man could. In the 1960’ s computers were large and expensive.
But now they have become smaller, lighter and cheaper.
We don’ t have to go shopping because we can get most
things in shops on the Internet. Today it is easy to get on line
and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day.
Sending e-mails is more and more popular among students.
Of course we can read and write with computers. We won’ t need
to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved: But some people
still like paper books because they think they are more friendly.
四 、 听 短 文 ， 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 完 成 表 格 。 （ 共 10 分 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ）
School was very easy for me at the beginning. I did
everything easily－ showing up to school, doing my homework,
taking tests and getting good grades. And that was usually natural.
I did this year after year. It seemed that school was just another
thing to do. It was easy.
Suddenly Grade Nine began. Sure, I had been a top student
for eight years. But now I am not the top student any more. I can
just keep up with the others. I have to spend four hours doing
my homework, reviewing and previewing lessons each day besides
the eight hours at school.
I become very sad and angry about my situation. It is not
fair, and it worries me that my first eight years of school didn’ t
prepare me at all. However, after thinking about it, I finally
realize that there are students who can do everything well, and
I am not one of them. So I give up some of my hobbies, such as
watching TV, playing computer games and hanging out with friends.
That would be best for me.
It takes time to see things differently. I realize that
I am not so perfect. Grade Nine experience shows me that I am
growing up. It gives me great pleasure to stop complaining and
I move forward in my life.
听 力 部 分 （ 共 25 分 ）
一 、 听 对 话 ，选 择 与 对 话 内 容 相 符 的 图 片 。（ 共 5 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
1. E
2. C
3. F
4. A
5. B
二、听对话，选择对话内容判断正误。（共 5 分，每小题 1 分）
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. F
10. T
三、听短文，选择最佳选项。（共 5 分，每小题 1 分）
11. B
12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
四 、 听 短 文 ， 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 完 成 表 格 。 （ 共 10 分 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ）
16. Nine /9
17. easy
18. four/4
19. sad,
angry
20. not so perfect / grow up / stop complaining / move forward
in life
or: He is not so perfect /He is growing up /
He stops complaining / He moves forward in his life
基 础 知 识 运 用 （ 共 30 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
五 、 选 择 填 空 （ 共 15 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
21. B
22. D
23. A
24. C
25. C
26. A
27. D
28. A
29. B
30. C
31. B
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. D
六 、 完 形 填 空 （ 共 15 分 ， 每 小 题 1 分 ）
（ A） 36. D
37. C
38. A
39. B
40. D
41. A
42. C
（ B） 43. A
44. C
45. D
46. B
47. D
48. B
49. A
50. C
阅 读 部 分 （ 共 30 分 ）
七 、 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 22 分 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ）
（ A） 51. B
52. C
53. D
（ B） 54. A
55. D
56. C
57. B
（ C） 58. D
59. A
60. B
61. C
八、任务型阅读（共 8 分，每小题 2 分）
62. differences
63. don’ t wear school uniforms
64. under lots of stress
65. do things they enjoy / do things for fun
综 合 语 言 运 用 （ 共 35 分 ）
九 、 词 汇 （ 共 10 分 ， 每 空 1 分 ）
1. A,E,H,J
2. B,F,L
3. C,G,K
十 、 仿 写 （ 共 10 分 ）
（ A） （ 共 4 分 ）
bring mobile phones to school
bring drinks / dictionaries to schoo l
run in the hallway
play basketball / run and exercise
（ B） （ 共 6 分 ）
John is the only child in his family. His parents are
strict with him. He is not allowed to play computer games, but
he can play table tennis after school because it is good for h is
health. His parents want him to do some housework / cleaning
because they are busy. He is allowed to read comics after he
finishes his homework because it is relaxing for him. Watching
TV for a long time is not allowed because it is bad for his eyes.
十 一 、 书 面 表 达 （ 15 分 ）
Last week we did a survey at New Star High school. Most
students think students should be allowed to take mobile phones
to school. Almost all the students agree that the ways of studying
English are very important because good ways may help a lot.
In my opinion, students should not be allowed to take
mobile phones to school. It’ s a distraction （ 分 心 的 事 ） to
students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much
trouble in their classrooms. Sometimes students might use phone
messages to cheat during exams. On the other hand, mobile phones
are easy to lose. I think there should be enough phone boxes at
school so that it’ s convenient for the students to make phone
calls.
部分试题评分标准：
听 力 部 分 16－ 20 小 题 ， 单 词 拼 写 错 误 ， 每 三 处 扣 1 分 。
综合语言运用
二 、 （ 共 10 分 ）
（ A） 共 4 分 。 每 填 对 一 个 短 语 给 1 分 ； 单 词 拼 写 错 误 ， 每 三 处 扣 1
分。
（ B） 共 6 分 。
第 三 档 ： （ 5－ 6 分 ） 仿 照 A 篇 文 段 ， 写 出 五 幅 图 中 全 部 内 容 。 语 言
基本无误。
第 二 档 ： （ 3－ 4 分 ） 仿 照 A 篇 文 段 ， 写 出 两 、 三 个 要 点 。 但 有 一 些
语言错误。
第 一 档 ： （ 1－ 2 分 ） 只 能 照 抄 A 篇 文 段 ， 且 语 言 错 误 较 多 。
三 、 （ 共 15 分 ）
考察要点：
内 容 、 语 言 结 构 和 篇 幅 （ 允 许 字 数 上 下 浮 动 15－ 20 字 ） 。
教师阅卷时，先按上述评价因素将作文定档，然后再根据语言
的准确度给出最后得分。
第 四 档 ： （ 13－ 15 分 ） 很 好 地 完 成 试 题 规 定 的 任 务 。 描 述 清 楚 （ 自
选 两 个 方 面 ），观 点 明 确（ 就 其 中 一 个 方 面 写 出 自 己 的 见 解 ）。应 用 了
较 多 的 语 法 和 词 汇 。结 构 完 整 ；逻 辑 性 强 。词 汇 选 用 恰 当 、丰 富 。语 言
基本无误；能有效地使用连接词。
第 三 档 ： （ 10－ 12 分 ） 较 好 地 完 成 试 题 规 定 的 任 务 。 描 述 比 较 清 楚
（ 自 选 两 个 方 面 ），观 点 明 确（ 就 其 中 一 个 方 面 写 出 自 己 的 见 解 ）。应
用的语法和词汇基本准确。行文比较连贯；逻辑清楚、合理。
第 二 档 ： （ 6－ 9 分 ） 基 本 完 成 试 题 规 定 的 任 务 ， 应 用 的 语 法 结 构 和
词 汇 能 满 足 任 务 要 求 ，有 一 些 语 言 错 误 ，但 不 太 影 响 理 解 。行 文 基 本 连
贯，基本符合逻辑。
第 一 档 ： （ 0－ 5 分 ） 未 能 按 要 求 完 成 试 题 规 定 的 任 务 。 语 法 、 语 言
错误较多。