The Final Report of Western Literature 2 Topic: Hamlet (by William Shakespeare) Member list (Group 5) Name Student no. 洪啟良 93110107 吳美玲 88110839 林涂貴美 88110117 黃志偉 93110427 E-mail address Job tomhong@ms14.hinet.net Leader jaycy.wu@msa.hinet.net Discussion participant lin34548@ms49.hinet.net Not Available 周益誠 93120056 ivancheng11@yahoo.com.tw 羅吉淞 89110345 miso5302003@yahoo.com.tw 蔣昆霖 88110538 austinchiang@yahoo.com.tw Introduction to the author – William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in the rural community of Stratford – upon – Avon in Warwickshire on April 23, 1564. His father was John Shakespeare, a glover and prominent in the town’s government. His mother was Mary Arden. William Shakespeare attended the local grammar school, the King’s New School. He did not attend university. The education he received at grammar school was excellent, as evidenced by the numerous classical and literary references in his plays. In 1582, at 18, William Shakespeare married the 26 – year – old Anne Hathaway. They had a daughter, Susanna, and twin sons, Hamnet and Judith. Sometime between his marriage and writing Hamlet, Shakespeare and his wife moved to London where he pursued a career as a playwright and actor. In 1598 he was “principal comedian” for the troupe, and by 1603 he was “principal tragedian.” William Shakespeare was very successful and made quite a lot of money. He invested this money in Stratford real estate and was able to purchase the second largest house in Stratford, the New Place, for his parents in 1597. William Shakespeare died in 1616, at the age of 67. He was buried in the chancel of his church at Stratford. William Shakespeare brought to the English stage such famous characters as Falstaff and Prince Hal, Hamlet and Ophelia, Othello and Desdemena, and King Lear. The influence of Shakespeare’s plays on the course of English literature is matched only by the King James translation of the Bible. Shakespeare’s name became a rallying cry in the campaigns for Romanticism, and his influence contributed to the self-realization of the various national literatures of Europe. Ben Johnson said, “He was not of an age, but for all time!” John Dryden signalized him as that writer who possessed “the most comprehensive soul.” William Shakespeare wrote 10 Tragedies, 13 Comedies, 10 Histories, 5 Romances, 154 pieces of Sonnets, and five pieces of poems. He is really a productive writer. Background of the Hamlet In Shakespeare’s period, the late-Renaissance, there are four subjects – melancholy, demonology, the nature of man, and death, - prevailing in the intellectual society. When Hamlet was composed, the moral and intellectual assumptions and attitudes were current. The opinions of Lavater, Primandaye, and Montaigne may have also affected Shakespeare. Accordingly Shakespeare wrote Hamlet to deal with the four subjects. The unquiet spirit that haunts the play is the agent that sets the action in motion. Hamlet’s melancholy is both the cause and the effect of a pervasive sense of evil that is the key ambiance of the tragedy. Questions concerning the nature of man, and the nature of death carry us to the heart of the play. About the nature of man, the Renaissance views come together in such a passage as Hamlet’s speech beginning “What a piece of work is man.” ( II, ii ) “And nothing is at a like goodness still,” says Claudius at one of the mot impressive moments in the play ( IV, vii ). Hamlet is agonizingly asking himself from the beginning of the play “Could you on this fair mountain leave to feed,/ And batten on this moor.” ( III, iv ) Summary of the plot/ story of the Hamlet Hamlet starts with soldiers changing the guard outside of Elsinore castle in Denmark. They claim to have seen the host of the Old King and ask young Hamlet to see it. Hamlet came one night and saw the ghost, who told Hamlet that he was the Old King, and that how he was murdered by Claudius, and asked Hamlet to revenge for him. Hamlet’s father just died two months ago, and Hamlet doesn’t know how his father really died. So Hamlet tries to find out the cause of his father’s death. Hamlet pretends to be mad. At this time it happens that some players come to the palace. Hamlet asks them to play a play called “The Mouth Trap” to see if Claudius is the murderer of his father. The play makes Claudius become so outraged that he stands up, thereby forcing the play to end. He orders light to be shone on him and stalks angrily out of the room. Hamlet is delighted by this and is convinced that the ghost was telling the truth. Then his mother wants to see him in her private chamber. Hamlet plans to reveal what he knows to his mother to see if she is part of the plot to kill his father. Claudius, overcome with emotion, prays to heaven to forgive his sin. He admits to committing the murder of his brother. Hamlet enters silently with his sword and is about to kill Claudius when he realizes that Claudius is praying. So Hamlet stops and decides to wait until he can kill Claudius when his “soul may be as damned and black as hell.” ( III, iii ) Then Hamlet goes to see his mother, insulting her for having married Claudius so soon after his father’s death. She gets scared and calls for help, causing Polonius – hiding behind a curtain spying on them – to make a sound. Hamlet kills him. After that Claudius orders Rosencrantz and Guildens to take Hamlet to England to be killed by The England king. But Hamlet contrives to come back to Denmark. Ophelia has meantime gone mad at the death of his father, and soon after she is drowned in the river. Laertes comes back from France once he learns of his father’s death. He thinks the murderer must be Claudius. But he is used by Claudius to kill Hamlet. In Claudius plan, Hamlet and Laertes will fight in a fencing match. In the match, Hamlet scores the first two hits. Gertrude, thrilled at how well her son is fighting, takes the cup of poisoned wine (meant for Hamlet) from Claudius and drinks it to celebrate Hamlet’s hits. Then Laertes slashes Hamlet with his poisoned foil, causing Hamlet to bleed. Hamlet is infuriated, and in a confusion, Hamlet uses the poisoned foil to slash Laertes, drawing blood. They stop fighting when they see Queen Gertrude is lying on the ground. She tells Hamlet the drink is poisoned, and she dies. Laertes tells Hamlet the secret of the fencing match. Hamlet even more furious than before slashes Claudius with the poisoned foil. Then he takes the wine chalice and forces the poisoned wine into Claudius’ mouth. Claudius, Gertrude, Laertes, and Hamlet all die. Horatio tells the people what really happens and thus reveals the truth. Answers to the topic questions Think about Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia. Does he love her? Does he stop loving her? Did he ever love her? What evidence can you find in the play to support your opinion? 洪啟良 Hamlet’s love to Ophelia has no doubt but revenge his father is more important than everything at that time. Hamlet feel guilty if he cannot revenge his parent so he has to put his lover aside first. However, he killed her father by accident, thus made Ophelia committee suicide because she supposed the life is meaningless. Hamlet jumped to her grave in sadness to show his regret and sorry to his lover. 吳美玲 I think Hamlet never loves her. Why? Shattered by his mother’s decision to marry Claudius so soon after her husband’s death, Hamlet becomes cynical about women in general, showing a particular obsession with what he perceives to be a connection between female sexuality and moral corruption. This motif of misogyny, or hatred of women, occurs sporadically throughout the play, but it is an important inhibiting factor in Hamlet’s relationships with Ophelia and Gertrude. He urges Ophelia to go to a nunnery rather than experience the corruptions of sexuality and exclaims of Gertrude, “Frailty, thy name is woman” Polonius hears Hamlet coming and he and Claudius quickly made Ophelia stand in clear view while they hide themselves. Hamlet enters and gives his "To be or not to be; that is the question" (3.1.58) speech. He stops when he sees Ophelia and goes over to speak with her. Hamlet rudely tells her that he never loved her and orders her to go to a nunnery. After he leaves, Claudius tells Polonius that Hamlet does not seem to be mad because of Ophelia, but Polonius still believes that she is the real reason for his melancholic madness. Reference: http://www.pathguy.com/hamlet.htm http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespear/hamlet/themes.html htt;://www.gradesaver.com/classicNotes/Titles/hamlet/shortsumm.shtml 林涂貴美 That is; my answer is same to the classmate. 黃志偉 From my tiny checking or investigation and watching in this question,Up to my viewpoint; I think Hamlet did have ever love her the Ambassionary Daughter The Oephelia,Really Hamlet was a Prince while Oephelia was a servant at least accompanized with him for a long while,and he surely loved her because he was so lonely and lonesome a guy in the emperor palace a like riskedful cliff court;certainly he never stopped to love her with such an evidence to us is he often tried to get touch with her and the only person the girl could help him to do or complete something else.even his hatred ,anxiety,depression,suffering,bitterness,or somewhat special mood to defeat him to a poor state or ruin him by some reason to be injured or damaged and insulted anyway we could guess afterwards;so the clueI gathered would support to me a we did hold or cite from their probably given environmentals he and she should be together again and again,and then it occurred to them to happen the firing of feeling or emotion to love each other wonderfully and undoubtedly 周益誠 At the beginning of the play, as Hamlet has decided to pretend madness, he pretends he does not love Ophelia anymore, he even rejects her and insults her. This, of course, means that he has been in love with her before, has let her think that she was loved. Her pain is then all the more intense. Why has he chosen to feign indifference towards her, to reject her, to deny that he loves her? Why does he repeat "To a nunnery, go". There were many other possible ways of feigning madness. What is important at that stage in the play is that Hamlet doesn't know what he's going to do yet. His meeting with Ophelia immediately follows his "to be or not to be" monologue. So he knows that if he does something, if he acts, if he kills the King, he will take serious risks and may die in the attempt. If he chooses not to act, he will lose his self-esteem. Whatever happens, he will not be fit for marriage. Another reason why he rejects her is that marriage itself has become abhorrent to him. Because he has recently realised that his mother's second marriage is only a betrayal of love and of everything that is noble in life. "I say, we will have no more marriages". So, if at one point he believed in his love for Ophelia, he doesn't believe in marriage anymore nor in Ophelia anymore, and most of all he doesn't believe in himself sufficiently to fight his doubts and gloomy forebodings. On the contrary, most probably, he loved her as much as he could but he couldn't love much. He was much so preoccupied by his own problems, his difficulty to face life, that he could not give much of himself to another person, be it the woman he loved. It is indeed the dominating trait of weak people. They love themselves (but also hate themselves) too much to be able to love others. 羅吉淞 Among those at court was an old man famous for his experience and wisdom, named Polonius. Polonius had a beautiful daughter, named Ophelia, whom Hamlet had liked very much at one time. Ophelia had been made unhappy by her lover’s strange behaviour, and when she heard that her father had been killed by Hamlet, she went mad and drowned herself. When Hamlet heard the news, crying that he loved Ophelia far more than a brother could. 蔣昆霖 Hamlet and Ophelia are good friends and grow up together from childhood. Hamlet really loves Ophelia. He never stops loving her. They have loved each other from childhood. There are two evidences from the play to prove it. First, In Act III, Scene I, Hamlet tells Ophelia five times to go to a nunnery. At that time Denmark is in a confusing state. The government is corrupted. The king usurps the Old King and kills him. Gertrude, the queen, is incestuous. Polonius is foolish. Hamlet has decided to revenge for his father. So the safest place for Ophelia to live is a nunnery. Otherwise she will become the tool of sinners. If Hamlet doesn’t love Ophelia, why will he ask her to go to a nunnery? Second, in Act V, Scene I, when Laertes grapples Hamlet in the grave pit and fight him. Hamlet tells Laertes “I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers / Could not with all their quantity of love / Make up my sum. What wilt thou do for her? Analyze the use of comedy in Hamlet, paying particular attention to the gravediggers, Osric, and Plonius. Does comedy serve merely to relieve the tension of the tragedy, or do the comic scenes serve a more serious thematic purpose as well? 洪啟良 The arrangement of gravediggers, Osric, and Plonius played the role in the drama to relieve the tension. Otherwise, the drama would be too serious to the audience. Beside that, the gravediggers’ action with the skull also shows the road that everybody has to go at the end of their life. It may tell something to whom who care about the power, wealth, famousness in their life to reconsider their action to others. 吳美玲 Arrange the gravediggers, Osric and Polonius to play in the drama. It is serious thematic purpose. The author would like to tell the audience how they had done their plans and ended of their life. They just did care about their power, wealth and famousness to decide what they could done or not. 林涂貴美 That is; my answers is same to the classmate. 黃志偉 It as well showed us a very frank impression or truth is there was no reason or suspicion to know why the grave digger like Osric was merely the servant to work for the dispatching from their major to finish something or odds,moreover,after Polonius’s death by being killed Hamlet’s sword a terrible violent wrong sin he did make,and should be sentenced to the jurk and condemned for his conduct to be considered as the crude or cruel mistake,and he should be obliged to the consequence and result he must acceive later on.and no substitutional physics displace of his rependedness or remorcefulness,and Polonius’s burial was so unmasked a thing by Osric to make tomb and bury his majesty his crimie or tightedness;so the controversory recorrection is no longer to give him some chance or opportunity to get through with his future device or vision he could prevail or undertake them conversely;and it always defeat and fail his broken fateand destiny lifelong.the comedic dreams he could not come true on condition that he was the absolute future leader or governor helpfully,his inner increasing compressure was additionally acculumated up to equalize or balance those danger or risk and threat or disgusting and let him no returned area or extensive air;then he would be collapsed and plated down.although he could only decrease somewhat pressure from his insight or mind to such danger action to relieve or release his possible repiarment he could give or compensate for his family especially the court’s struggle and competition.so the more uncovered mars or demars was still by criticization from the audience or his people;thus I think comedic functionals is shortly and merely experienced to us its effects and no pleasured resudials to him.and no purposely effective requiring reback to me why he should beforehand consider of his mingled feelings in this court straightly,the cervix of his servious action maybe always a never returned fault or error to others and no relative.so the tragedy is not alike to those comedic presentaion at the same time to recorrectify his survivals except of the jurk. Of course,he could live a lucky and happy or comfortable nobler life even if was in the court with no those special motionals and extra facing or notion and crazy imagination I thought the perfect life ia waited for his useful gotten sailing in the dangerous sea or make him in a very unstable atmosphere or escape from the limited edge or boundary he could try to leave or stay there,so since his sentenced crime he made he at all once a complete wise or cleverable fellow to reanalyze his resolution from some people’s proposals or his protesting to such a sudden or accidental occasion he must think of how to live or where to reset and calm down his complicated feeling or motif and senseiveness around the castle embedded,he could not change his trouble or anxiety and definite foolness;there is no methods of saving him to a safe territory whether he has become a criminal accurredly.his choice alternatively against his wrongedness but no longer his rightedness or plainness and confidentially pay his thanksgivings to the outside his people despite of his birth from the emporial family he live in the court was so out of the question he why or where to do a problem was originally a linkage to his how to run over.the comedic or tragedic stories from the author he mamnufactorized is waitred for our exploration and explanation needless of their detail or comparative reprimanding properlyand it I did applause to them thematically collected or revealed.so it is estimated no equality or balance at any rate. 周益誠 The language of Hamlet is cleverly and specifically designed in the guise of Shakespeare’s dark humor. In regards to all uses of comedy and wit, the language of this play is meant to be pleasing to the audience but not to the characters. This concept is essential in understanding what place comedy has in a tragedy such as Hamlet. Hamlet’s very use and style of language, especially the use of the pun, the dialogue with the minor character Polonius, and the graveyard scene (gravediggers) reveals intentions and plans through the mode of comic relief. 羅吉淞 The wicked King was still determined to kill his nephew, so he thought of another plan. He decided to make Laertes even more angry agaist the man who had killed his father. He arranged for a mach between Hamlet and Laertes. The King persuaded him to use a sharp-pointed sword and to put poison on it, so that Hamlet would almost certainly be killed. Hamlet thought that it was to be just a friendly mach and he accepted. 蔣昆霖 The use of comedy in Hamlet – the gravediggers, Osric, and Polonius – serves to postpone the imminent catastrophe of the play, not only to serve to relieve the tension of the tragedy. The narration of grave diggers covers 187 lines. The narration of Osric covers 100 lines. The narration of Polonius covers more than 200 lines. All of their words and actions are quite absurd and nonsense. They are used to postpone the catastrophe of the play. Suicide is an important theme in Hamlet. Discuss how the play threats the idea of suicide morally, religiously, and aesthetically, with particular attention to Hamlet’s two important statements about suicide: “O, that this too too solid flesh would melt”soliloquy (Act I, Scene ii) and the “To be, or not to be” soliloquy (Act III, Scene I). Why does Hamlet believe that, although capable of suicide, most human beings choose to live, despite the cruelty, pain, and injustice of the world? 洪啟良 Suicide is the only way when people want to kill themselves instead by sick, old, or accident. In the religious’ point of view, suicide is a crime because only God can decide the end of life. People can decide everything except birth and death that belongs to the God’s job. Not only westerner believe that, Chinese also. In Taiwan people dead because of accident and suicide will be put into “枉死城” instead of to “西方極樂世界” where normally accept people who dead from sick and old. This concept is a rare common sense between the two cultures. 吳美玲 His most logical and powerful examination of the theme of the moral legitimacy of suicide in an unbearably painful world, it touches on several of the other important themes of the play. Hamlet poses the problem of whether to commit suicide as a logical question: “To be, or not to be,” that is, to live or not to live. He then weighs the moral ramifications of living and dying. Is it nobler to suffer life, “ he slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,” passively or to actively seek to end one’s suffering? He compares death to sleep and thinks of the end to suffering, pain, and uncertainty it might bring, “ he heartache, and the thousand natural shocks / That flesh is heir to.” Based on this metaphor, he decides that suicide is a desirable course of action, “a consummation / Devoutly to be wished.” But, as the religious word “devoutly” signifies, there is more to the question, namely, what will happen in the afterlife. Hamlet immediately realizes as much, and he reconfigures his metaphor of sleep to include the possibility of dreaming; he says that the dreams that may come in the sleep of death are daunting, that they “must give us pause.” In this way, this speech connects many of the play’s main themes, including the idea of suicide and death, the difficulty of knowing the truth in a spiritually ambiguous universe, and the connection between thought and action. In addition to its crucial thematic content, this speech is important for what it reveals about the quality of Hamlet’s mind. His deeply passionate nature is complemented by a relentlessly logical intellect, which works furiously to find a solution to his misery. He has turned to religion and found it inadequate to help him either kill himself or resolve to kill Claudius. Here, he turns to a logical philosophical inquiry and finds it equally frustrating. suicide seems like a desirable alternative to life in a painful world, but Hamlet feels that the option of suicide is closed to him because it is forbidden by religion. Hamlet then goes on to describe the causes of his pain, specifically his intense disgust at his mother’s marriage to Claudius. He describes the haste of their marriage, noting that the shoes his mother wore to his father’s funeral were not worn out before her marriage to Claudius. He compares Claudius to his father (his father was “so excellent a king” while Claudius is a bestial “satyr”). As he runs through his description of their marriage, he touches upon the important motifs of misogyny, crying, “Frailty, thy name is woman”; incest, commenting that his mother moved “ with such dexterity to incestuous sheets”; and the ominous omen the marriage represents for Denmark, that “ it is not nor it cannot come to good.” Each of these motifs recurs throughout the play. 林涂貴美 That is; my answers is same to the classmate. 黃志偉 From the author’s two agreemental sentences why to suicide is no sin and should be religiously acknowledged again if it would be or must be done after one’s waking his death and wish no promise and opportunity to resurvive and save or come to his sense anyway;in this work we understand a truth is life is treasured and priceless a thing on account of his never relieving and rescuring even though he must repend it after his suicide and no chance to return or always say goodby to his others relatives or friends and comrades.so the main idea he owned maybe a dangerous deed in a very short trying or foolishly lost his life or perish his wicked fate for no resecuring affairs to remind.The work Hamlet is the William Shahespeare’s great work consisted in its lifelong teaching for us in the sentences we are reading over with no plainness or simplification just take it as our treasured experience when we lost our mind or desire or endeavours and try to do nothing its indication maybe the excellent guide for my leaving singular mistakenedness or foolishly make some crime to be sentenced in the jurk or court,thus the most useful original human being’s characters is depended upon their true or imprudence care but not what the odds or jobs they have done or undone.so as to lead a glorious future we must learn its faith but not self-suicide ,we should undertake some practical enactedness but not to despite others,on such a base,it’s a splendid requirement to accomplish your attention while no longer losing its inner controlling active self-keeping.it deserved of our attention to chastise something priceless but not to interrupt others’ missibles;it is illegally ruled even if the prince the Hamlet was not the birth of his family a quite best nobler outcoming his spring maybe a comfortable or lucky and happy one compared with those lower family with no anything to attatin their subjective or objective goals at any rate.in my impression, the comedics or tragedies merely are our fundamental explanation or interprenation,whereas we often neglect them with no contended concentrated close coagulated notion as our wise and useful mood to prevail or continue what happened to us inspite of those events should give us its bumpings sternly;up to date the great literatural works with its deep effects to moderate us its real belief or confession none with the less we must face it as a poorish present to others or its play an important act to us conclusive of all the derivative works their true meaning it indeed expelled to a endial,and then we have no reason to say we are only with a depressed consideration not an arrogance and prejudice,in this class this group I think its contents are so abundant to me abound in those internect from the retrieved computer we could take or copy and read over again and again.the critical connected curve-noded from the works’ resolution to us is quite a problem to gain its referenced answers and at last I often find some weakness or cowardard but no strong fellows abided by so many vivid or active recalling stories to return and remind them to a safe or sound resetting. 周益誠 The question of his own death plagues Hamlet as well, as he repeatedly contemplates whether or not suicide is a morally legitimate action in an unbearably painful world. Hamlet’s grief and misery is such that he frequently longs for death to end his suffering, but he fears that if he commits suicide, he will be consigned to eternal suffering in hell because of the Christian religion’s prohibition of suicide. In his famous “To be or not to be” soliloquy (III), Hamlet philosophically concludes that no one would choose to endure the pain of life if he or she were not afraid of what will come after death, and that it is this fear which causes complex moral considerations to interfere with the capacity for action. 羅吉淞 Hamlet slowly began to wonder whether Claudius had caused his father to be killed in order that he himself night become King, and whether his mother had known all about it-and this last thought drove him nearly mad. “O, that this too too solid flesh would melt” he thought. But Hamlet was always thinking of the command of his fathers ghost to revenge his vruel murder, and he continued to wonder how he could plan the revenge. Though he hated his uncle, he naturally did not wish to kill another human being. “To he, or not to be” makes Hamlet hesitating. 蔣昆霖 To commit suicide is not permitted by religion at that time. If one commits suicide, one shall not be buried with religious rites, and must be buried outside of church. Man’s reason is noble, his faculties are infinite, his action is expressive and admirable, how like an angel in appearance he is, how like a god he is. Man cannot commit suicide. Hamlet’s grief and misery is so great that he frequently longs for death to end his sufferings, but he fears that if he commits suicide, he will be consigned to eternal suffering in hell owing to the Christian religion’s prohibition of suicide. In his famous “To be or not to be” ( III, i ) and “O that this too too solid flesh would melt” ( I, ii ) soliloquies, Hamlet concluded that no one would choose to endure the pain of life if he or she were not afraid of what will come after death, and that it is this fear which causes complex moral considerations to interfere with the capacity for action. Individual response to the works 洪啟良 Hamlet was correct at first for his not belief of the ghost’s speaking. In our Chinese drama, ghost always speaks the truth. Some clueless cases were solved by ghost’s speaking even nowadays in Taiwan. However, The confession and the evidence are the most important to solve the case at the end. It is why Hamlet has to plot the drama – Mousetrap for his uncle. But this act also invited the murder plot from the angry king. At that time, murder seems very popular and the quick way in the royal family to grab power. So the people in power must be very careful in their daily life. Security protection seems very weak in the royal court of the Denmark, so the king murdered by their family member easily. I would like to suggest them to enhance the security method first so it would not happen again and again. The prince of Norway – Fortinbras seems very smart and qualified as a king than the Hamlet and his uncle. He pretended to attack Poland instead of Denmark by asking to march through Denmark safely. By doing this, he can attack Denmark easily and revenge his father also. He is the only guy not so stupid in this drama even he played a not important part in the play. 吳美玲 Hamlet" is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. Unlike so much of popular culture today, "Hamlet" leaves us with the message that life is indeed worth living, even by imperfect people in an imperfect world. 林涂貴美 That is; This is a family of scandal, the Hamlet uncle killed his brothers, although Hamlet wants revenge, but his mother have been marry with his uncle, how to do disposed is stalled, there are abandon or revenge he is vaver in purposes, some people say he is morally weak, some people say he is an enough action, but from different angles he worth sympathy, his mental state cover limit of vex, instead the scandal of a event often wagging cause people to talked. 黃志偉 Sensationally,The bidged tool I retrieved from the computer and referenced related works conclusive of Shakespeare’s Hamlet stories or other several interpretated books their summary and abstract are so abundant and richer for my reading and absorb those property,experience,sermon,morals,mingled feeling;and to gather somewhat extraordinary enquiring answers to its outlet or puzzle and possible retentation or strategies anyway.but one truth is up to date we are forgetting its real directed indication and still make some errors or incredulous unrecorrectified mistakes and search for no remaining methods to complete or resolute our simple and turgors for overtowing too long and no returning strategies to save or reaccure those problems within what happened to us merely impulsive force or compressure,and repeatedly come back to a original endpoint interestingly.the Hamlet is a comedic also a tragedic drama;at least I did congress to its infated device with no definite ways to run away or leave off its perplexed environmentals is at the same time foolishly and ignorantly,after all they often walk the same route to be sentenced or ruined again wrongedly and depressively,the reflection from my impression or disgusting is slowly to recover and rescue your impurity component or character or worse mood for the purpose of remedying your soul and spirit to a very sound or safe and silent world its welbeing and the God’s ideas or subjective or orders and its substitutionary chorus instance consequence.when scanning those stories I should pay my special attention to watch the entire works contents so as to lead a perfect lifelong rest or start gloriously easily.the more abstacle the less we must bravely conquer those struggle and the Hamlet’s possible recalling or reminding,and there is no short cut to help one himself accsuredly.those commitments I know full of the direction or orientation to surpass over.finally this writing could comparatively form my simple ideas to past memorial enveloped.then Hamlet in the court was quite a danger or risk surrounding for his living or development to show in the acts and screens their expressing pretended to us its changes its processing its obsolute competetion without asking their failure or success estimatedly;of course,Hamlet is a English Literature as my effective sudden drugs and the doctor to emancipate their disease and suffering or anxiety or infate or ruin ,since no one with the God’s Almighty powerful ability to come across our last disappointment .Literaural functionals is helpful to me during the periods of my losing or abolishing state even though I am witted to face them actively by emotionals or wisdomedfulness like the role Hamlet the future King and the Prince he should undertake those accidentals or incidentals as somewhat contests or examinations until his mind or mood stayed in the reasonable stable requirement he always imaginated or how to calm down his inner coagulated branched distraction for some insisted. 周益誠 It is reasonable to wonder what Shakespeare had in mind while writing Hamlet. After all, Shakespeare wasn't a philosopher or historian, or even a literary critic. He was a playwright. He didn't leave us critical essays examining his work. It is left to us to examine his work and decide for ourselves what Shakespeare was thinking. In the main plot of Hamlet, Hamlet's father has been murdered. Hamlet swears revenge, but feign's madness and delays. In the subplot, the chamberlain, Polonius, is murdered by Hamlet. Polonius's son, Laertes, swears revenge, while his daughter, Ophelia, goes mad. We see Hamlet's vow mirrored in that of Laertes and his actions mirrored in those of Ophelia. The mirror is cracked. Hamlet's reflection is splintered. We see one part of him, his revenge motive, in Laertes' action, and we see his pretended madness in Ophelia's piteous condition. More than this, Hamlet's image is dimmed compared to those of his counterparts. Hamlet speaks of revenge, but procrastinates; Laertes instantly raises and army and attacks the kingdom, but he must be satisfied over his father's murder. Hamlet only acts mad; Ophelia's madness is too real. By reflection we see Polonius's family, all members destroyed through involvement with Hamlet. We see them together, too, only once, early in the play, as Laertes is preparing to set sail. Ophelia is guiltless. Laertes is guilty only of seeking revenge for his father's murder. Polonius is guilty of being a busybody, a dangerous involvement in Hamlet's tragedy. The longer Hamlet procrastinates, the more bodies pile up, and the more the question of his procrastination takes on importance. Finally, what I learnt from the story that is never doing something bad. Never do something which against the conscience, otherwise something bad will happen around you. 羅吉淞 If I only had 24 hours to live, I would have two important things to accomplish. The first thing would be to express my gratitude and appreciation to those I love. The second thing would be to have one more look at my beloved family members and friends. However, between the match with Laertes, Hamlet was cut by Laertes and wounded. The Prince realized the King’s wicked plan to kill him and, understanding that he only had a few minutes of life left in which to revenge his father, turned aginst the King and killed him with the poisoned sword. Then, be fell down dead. So came the end of the brave and noble Prince of Denmark who would have made a splendid king. It’s too late! If Hamlet only had 24 hours to live, he would have two important things to complish. 蔣昆霖 Basically I like the play very much. After I read the play, it causes me think about a lot. First, is the ghost really Old Hamlet’s ghost? There are no evidences to prove that it is surely to be Old Hamlet’s . But young Hamlet tried to prove it only by testing if Claudius is the murderer of Old Hamlet. This is too dangerous if he fails. Why won’t Hamlet discuss with the ghost how to prove that the ghost is really Old Hamlet? Second, does Ophelia commit suicide or die accidentally? This is very important. At that time religion forbids committing suicide. If one commits suicide, one can’t be buried with religious rites, and should be buried outside of the church. It is shameful and infamous to the dead. Ophelia is a good and innocent girl. The play shouldn’t have treated her in this way. Next, What’s Hamlet’s character? Hamlet’s character is tantalizing difficult to interpret. The German poet John Wolfgang von Goethe described Hamlet as a poet, a sensitive man who is too weak to deal with the political pressures of Denmark. Sigmund Freud viewed Hamlet in terms of an Oedipus complex. Hamlet is enigmatic. He behaves roughly and impulsively. He is extremely melancholy. Moreover, Hamlet’s pretense of “antic disposition” shows us that a great man, a courtier, a man noted for generosity and acuteness of mind can have the reality of his intellect clouded by assuming the appearance of madness. Finally, can Hamlet be the king of Denmark with such character of his? He behaves rashly and impulsively. He is extremely melancholy and discontented with the state of affairs in Denmark and in his own family. He spends relatively little time thinking about the treats to Denmark’s national security from without or the treats to its stability from within. It is better that he dies after the fencing match. If he rules Denmark, I am afraid that Denmark will be as corrupted as or worse than before. a. b. c. d. Reference http://www.gradesaver.com/ClassicNotes/Authors/about_shakespeare.html http://www.gradesaver.com/ClassicNotes/Titles/hamlet/about.shtml http://www.gradesaver.com/ClassicNotes/Titles/hamlet/shortsumm.shtml http://www.gradesaver.com/ClassicNotes/Titles/hamlet/ e. The Stories of Shakespeare’s Plays. (Translator:梁實秋) f. http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/hamlet/quotes.html g. http://www.pathguy.com/hamlet.htm h. http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespear/hamlet/themes.html i. Hamlet 2nd edition W. W. Norton & Company New York, London The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces – the Western Tradition 7th edition W. W. Norton & Company New York, London k. The Riverside Shakespeare – the Complete Works 2nd edition Houghton Mifflin Company Boston, New York l. http://www.pathguy.com/hamlet.htm m. http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespear/hamlet/themes.html j.