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Photosynthesis: Organisms,
Light Energy and Pigments
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Lecture #8
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Photosynthesis Overview
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Plants, algae, some protists and certain
bacteria can photosynthesize
(PHOTOAUTOTROPHS)
Photoautotrophs are:
They use aerobic respiration to:
Through food chains:
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Photosynthesis Overview
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Any organism that contains the pigment
CHLOROPHYLL can photosynthesize
Chloropyhyll:
There are:
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Chlorophyll a and b
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Both of these molecules are
made up of a
PORPHYRIN RING and a
PHYTOL CHAIN
These molecules are
different due to a
functional group on the the
porphyrin ring
Chlorophyll a has a methyl
group, while chlorophyll b
has an aldehyde group in
the same position
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Prokaryotic Autotrophs: Cyanobacteria
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This is the largest
group of
photosynthetic
prokaryotes (bluegreen algae)
They can:
Blooms will:
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Prokaryotic Autotrophs: Cyanobacteria
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These organisms were:
Cyanobacteria have:
They contain:
Cyanobacteria do not have any:
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Eukaryotic Autotrophs: Algae,
Photosynthetic Protists and Plants
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These organisms have
chlorophyll contained
within
CHLOROPLASTS
Chloroplasts are found
in:
Leaves are the:
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The Process
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Photosynthesis is the process of using:
The general process can represented by the
following equation:
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In order to undergo photosynthesis, a plant
must be able to harness:
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Leaves: Photosynthetic Organs
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The leaf is protected
from excessive light
absorption or water
loss by a waxy:
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The EPIDERMIS:
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GUARD CELLS:
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Chloroplasts
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The chloroplast is a:
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There is a system of
membrane sacs within
the stroma called:
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Thylakoids group
together to form:
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Chloroplasts
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The structure of this
system within the
chloroplast allows for:
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Chloroplasts have their
own:
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Light Energy and Pigments
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Photosynthesis has three stages:
1.
2.
3.
Capturing:
Using light energy to:
Using the free energy:
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The first two stages are known as the:
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The third stage is the:
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Light Energy
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Light travels in:
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Photons have wavelengths that are:
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LONG WAVELNGTHS have LOW
ENERGY and SHORT WAVELENGTHS
have HIGH ENERGY
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Light Energy
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Photons are absorbed
by clusters of:
Through
experimentation, it has
been determined that:
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Accessory Pigments
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Chlorophyll a is the only
pigment that can:
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Chlorophyll b can absorb
photons that chlorophyll a
absorbs poorly or not at all:
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CAROTENOIDS and
XANTHOPHYLLS are:
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Accessory Pigments
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ANTHOCYANINS are a
group of pigments in the
vacuoles of cells that:
When chlorophyll a and b
are combined with
accessory pigments:
The wavelengths are
collectively known as:
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Colour Change in Leaves
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Since chlorophyll is the
dominant pigment in
leaves, it is why leaves
appear green
In the spring and fall,
chlorophyll is not produced
as much as it is in the
summer
During this time, other
pigments in the leaf are not
masked by chlorophyll so
leaves appear yellow,
orange and red
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