diW Me m. .co eb Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Medical Administration Training au Written by Jennifer Atkins www.mediweb.com.au © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 1 Copyright Copyright © Jennifer Atkins 2013.1 diW Me This training manual is copyright under the Copyright Act 1968. Any third party copyright material included in this publication is attributed. Jennifer Atkins asserts her ownership of the Intellectual Property contained in this training manual. All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, utilised, distributed, or translated into any other language in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, by any other party whether it be electronic, manual, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. m. .co eb Copying without authorisation is illegal. Disclaimer Every attempt has been made to ensure this workbook is free from errors or omissions. However, as an educational resource, all effort should be made to ensure you seek professional advice before relying on any statement or fact contained herein. Material in this workbook is current at the time of writing. Jennifer Atkins Medical Administration Training www.mediweb.com.au au © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 2 Table of Contents RESOURCES: HELPFUL WEBSITES ............................................................................ 4 GLOSSARIES ........................................................................................................... 5 diW Me ABBREVIATIONS GLOSSARY 6 MEDICAL TERMS RELATING TO THE HUMAN BODY 23 MEDICAL TERMS FOR NORMAL CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS IN THE HUMAN BODY 29 MEDICAL TERMS FOR NUMBERS AND QUANTITIES 32 MEDICAL TERMS RELATING TO POSITION AND DIRECTION 34 GLOSSARY OF WORD PARTS AND MEANINGS 36 PRONUNCIATIONS ............................................................................................... 54 au m. .co eb © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 3 RESOURCES: HELPFUL WEBSITES Online Medical Dictionaries Medical Dictionary and Abbreviations http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au Medical Dictionary http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php Medical Dictionary www.medterms.com Medical Dictionary www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/medical_dictionary.asp Medical Dictionary http://www.mydr.com.au/medical-dictionary Spell Check www.spellex.com/speller.htm diW Me Medical Abbreviations Abbreviations http://www.medilexicon.com/medicalabbreviations.php Acronyms www.drsref.com.au/acronyms Health Thesaurus m. .co eb http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/healththesaurus.htm au © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 4 diW Me GLOSSARIES m. .co eb 1. Abbreviations 2. Medical Terms relating to the Human Body 3. Normal Conditions and Problems in the Body au 4. Numbers and Quantities 5. Position and Direction 6. MAIN GLOSSARY of word parts and meanings © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 5 Abbreviations Glossary The following abbreviations (and acronyms) are commonly used in medical diW Me environments. It is important to note that not all practitioners use the same abbreviations, thus they may differ from one environment to the next. A A Artery Ab Antibody, Abnormal AB, abor Abortion Abdo Abdomen ABG Arterial blood gases (test) ABI Acquired brain injury ABX Antibiotics AC ADH m. .co eb ADL Activities of Daily Living ADR Adverse drug reaction AF Amniotic fluid Ag Antigen AI Artificial insemination ac ACE ACh ACL ACP ACTH ACU AD Ad lib ADD Before meals (ante cibum) Angiotensin converting enzyme Acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) Anterior cruciate ligament Acid phosphatase Adrenocorticotrophic hormone Acute care unit Alzheimer’s disease As desired Attention deficit disorder Antidiuretic hormone Glossary and Pronunciation Guide au © Jennifer Atkins Alternating current (electricity) Page | 6 AID Artificial insemination by donor AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AKA Above knee amputation ALD Alcoholic liver disease diW Me ALL Acute lymphocytic leukaemia ALP Alkaline phosphatase (enzyme) ALT Alanine transferase (enzyme) AMA Australian Medical Association AMI Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) anat. Anatomy ANA Anti nuclear antibodies ANS Autonomic nervous system ARD/ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome ARF Acute renal failure ASX aux. AV AVM B B. BD, bd Ba Aspartate aminotransferase Asymptomatic (without symptoms) Auxiliary Atrio-ventricular or arterio-venous Arterio-venous malformation Blood Two times daily (bis die) Barium (1) blood alcohol level; (2) bronchoalveolar lavage au BAL m. .co eb AST BE Barium enema (x-ray examination of the colon) BGL Blood glucose level Bili Bilirubin Biol. Biology BM Bowel movement © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 7 Medical Terms relating to the Human Body Word Part Meaning diW Me Abdomen Achill/o Achilles tendon Acous/o Hearing Aden/o Gland Adenoid- Adenoids Adip/o Fat, Adipose tissue Adren/o, Adrenal/o Adrenal gland Alveol/o Alveoli (of the lungs) An/o Anus Angi/o Blood vessel Aort/o Append/ic/o Arteriol/o Arthr/o Arthr/o, Articul/o Ater/i/o Atri/o Axill/o Blephar/o Brachi/o Bronch/i/o m. .co eb Abdomin/o Aorta Appendix Arteriole Joint Joint Artery Atrium Armpit Eyelid Arm Bronchus au Bronchiol/o Bronchiole Bucc/o Cheek Burs/o Bursa (a small, fluid-filled sac) Caec/o Caecum Capill/o Capillary © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 23 Medical Terms for Normal Conditions and Problems in the Human Body diW Me Meaning a-, an- Without; lacking -agra Seizure, sudden pain -algesio-, -algesi Pain -algia Condition of pain Ankyl/o Crooked, stiffening, bent, fusing anti- Against -capnia Condition of Carbon Dioxide cari- Rot or decay of teeth contra- Against Dips/o dis-dynia dys-ectasia, -ectasis -ema -emesis -esis eu-ia m. .co eb Word Part Thirst Separation, apart Condition of pain, swelling Difficult, abnormal, painful, bad Expansion, stretching or dilation Condition Vomiting Abnormal state or condition Good, normal, well, easily Condition of, abnormal condition, disease au -iasis Condition, formation of, disease -ism Condition, state, process -itis Inflammation -lepsy Seizure, fit -lithiasis Abnormal condition of stones -lysis, lys/o Break down, destruction, dissolving © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 29 Medical Terms for Numbers and Quantities Word Part Meaning diW Me Aux/i/o, -auxis Increase Bi- Two, twice, double, life Brady- Slow -cle, -cule Small Deca- Ten Deci- One tenth Demi- Half Deutero- Second Didym- Twins Diplo- Double HemiHol/oHomoHyperHypo-icle IsoKiloMacro- One hundredth Half, on one side Entire, whole The same, resembling Above, above normal, beyond, excessive, over Under, deficient, below normal Small Equal, like, same One thousandth Large Great, abnormally large au Mega-, megalo- m. .co eb Hecto- -megaly Enlargement Mi/o- Make smaller, less Mic-, micro- Small, one millionth Milli- One thousandth Mon/o One, single © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 32 Medical Terms relating to Position and Direction diW Me Meaning Ab- Away from Ad- Toward, near Af- Towards, near, to Ag- Towards, near, to Ambi- Both, on both sides Ante- Before, in front of, forward Anter/o In front of, anterior Anti- Against Apo- Away from, separate CircumContraCyclDeDextroDiaDors/i/oEc/o-, Ect/oEfEmEn- m. .co eb Word Part Around Against, opposing Circle Down, away from, ending, reversing Right side Across, apart, between, through Back (of the body), dorsal Out, outer part, outside Out, away from In Inside, in, within au Endo-, Ento- Within, inner, inside Epi- Above, Upon, on, outside of Ex- Out, out of, away from, beyond Exo- Out, outer part, outside Extra- Outside of, beyond, outward © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 34 Glossary of Word Parts and Meanings The following glossary contains an alphabetical list of prefixes, suffixes and root diW Me words. Prefixes have a dash after the word, suffixes have dash before the word and root words may end in /o-. Each word part has its meaning in the second column, followed by an example of its use in medical terminology. Meaning Example a-, an- Without, lacking Aphasia, Anaemia ab- Away from Abnormal Ac- Relating to Acceptor Acous/o- Hearing Acoustic Acr/o- To do with the extremities Acrodermatitis -ad Toward Cephalad Toward, near Adductor Gland Adenoma Fat Adipose Adrenal gland Adrenolytic Adrenal cortex Adrenocortical Condition of blood Hyperglycaemia Sensation Anaesthesia Clumping, sticking together Agglutination Assemble together Glucagon Seizure, sudden pain Podagra Pertaining to Bronchial Albin/o White Alges/i/o Sensation, sense of pain -algia Condition of pain Alveol/o Alveolus Ambi- Both, around, on both sides adAden/oAdip/o Adren/oAdrenocortic/o -aemia Aesthes/i/o, AesthetAgglutin/o -agon -agra © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide au -al m. .co eb Word Part Albinism Analgesia Neuralgia Alveolar Ambidextrous Page | 36 Again, going backwards Anaphylaxis Andr/o Male Androgen Angi/o- Blood vessel Angioplasty Ankyl/o Crooked, stiffening, bent, fusing Ankylosis Ante- Before, in front of, forward Anteflexion Antero Front, infront of, anterior to Anterolisthesis Anti- Against Anticoagulant Appendic/o Appendix Appendicitis Ar-, -ar Pertaining to Solar, Arrhythmia Arteri/o- Artery Arterioplasty Arthr/o Joint Arthritis -ary Pertaining to Pulmonary -asthenia Lack of strength Myasthenia Ather/o Fatty plaque lining a blood vessel Atherosclerosis Atrium Atrioventricular Self Autologous Increase Auxotroph Armpit Axillary Two, twice, double, life Binocular Bile Biliary Life, living Biology Immature cell, developing Osteoblast Eyelid Blepharoplasty Arm Brachial Slow Bradycardia Bronch/i- Bronchus Bronchiol/o Bronchiole Bucc/o- Cheek Burs/o- Bursa Caec/o Caecum Atri/oAutoAux/i/o, -auxis Axill/o BiBil/i Bio-blast BlepharBrachi/o © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide au Brady- m. .co eb diW Me Ana- Bronchitis Bronchiolitis Buccal Bursitis Caecostomy Page | 37 diW Me m. .co eb BSBMED301B Medical Terminology Pronunciation Guide au Medical Administration Training Written by Jennifer Atkins © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 53 Pronunciations Medical words can be tricky to pronounce, however many dictionaries are a great help as they provide phonetic spelling. This ensures you can pronounce even the most difficult words. Many dictionaries will provide each medical term with its diW Me correct spelling, and in brackets the phonetic spelling follows. However, you need to ensure the dictionary you use has Australian pronunciations. For example: Cardiac is pronounced KAR-di-ak KAR-dee-OL-oh-jist Gastroenteritis is pronounced gas-troh-enter-I-tis Gastropathy is pronounced gass-TROP-uh-thee Gastrotomy is pronounced gass-TROT-omi m. .co eb Cardiologist is pronounced Many words are pronounced as they are spelt, but there are exceptions. For example: Ch is sometimes pronounced as an k Ps is pronounced as an s Pn is pronounced as n Ph is pronounced as f Chronic (KRON-ik) Psychologist (sy-KOL-o-jist) Pneumonia (new-MOH-nia) Phobia (FOH-bia) au Rh is pronounced as r Rheumatism (ROOM-a-tism) Pt is pronounced as t Ptosis (TOH-sis) Oe is pronounced as ee Oesophagus (ee-SOF-a-gus) Ae is pronounced as ee Anaemia (a-NEE-mia) © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 54 In this guide the pronunciation is provided after each word. Words of two or more syllables are broken up with a hyphen (-). The syllable that is stressed is shown in capitals. diW Me Medical terms are provided for the various systems of the body. Commonly used terms are provided in each category, followed by the phonetic spelling and meaning of each word. Integumentary System Skeletal System Muscular System Digestive System Cardiovascular System Respiratory System Nervous System Endocrine System Lymphatic System Urinary System Reproductive System Radiology Pathology © Jennifer Atkins au m. .co eb Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 55 Self check Fill in the following tables to track your spelling and pronunciation results. Spelling results Chapter Words Attempt 1 Attempt 2 Attempt 3 Attempt 4 diW Me Integumentary 16 Skeletal 12 Muscular 11 Digestive 11 Cardiovascular 14 14 Nervous 12 Endocrine 12 Lymphatic 12 Urinary 12 Reproductive 12 Radiology 11 Pathology 10 Pronunciation results Chapter Words Integumentary 16 Skeletal 12 Muscular 11 Digestive 11 Cardiovascular 14 14 Nervous 12 Endocrine 12 Lymphatic 12 Urinary 12 Reproductive 12 Radiology 11 Pathology 10 © Jennifer Atkins Attempt 1 Attempt 2 Attempt 3 Attempt 4 au Respiratory m. .co eb Respiratory Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 56 Integumentary System Pronunciation Meaning Alopecia al-ǒ-PEE-shiǎ Hair loss, particularly from scalp. Dermatitis der-mǎ-TY-tis Inflammation of the skin. diW Me Word Dermatofibroma der-mǎ-toh-FI-bro- mǎ Small, red/brown bump in the skin. Dermatologist A specialist who studies diseases of the Eczema Eosinophil der-mǎ-TOL-ŏ-jist EKS-imǎ ee-oh-SIN- ŏ-fil skin. A recurring, non-infectious, inflammatory skin condition. A white blood cell that can stain m. .co eb orange-red. Epidermis epi-DER-mis The outer layer of the skin. Erythrocyte i-RITH-roh-syt Red blood cell. Integumentary in-TEG-yoo-men-tǎ-re The skin, hair and nails. Keratosis ke-rǎ-TOH-sis A horny overgrowth of the skin. Melanocyte MEL-ǎ-noh-syt Cells that produce pigment. Onychomycosis on-i-koh-my-KOH-sis Fungal infection of the nail. Psoriasis sŏ -RY-ǎ-sis A chronic skin condition with inflamed, Rosacea roh-ZAY-shiǎ au red, raised areas and silvery scales. A common skin condition with redness, pimples, and broken blood vessels. Subcutaneous sub-kew-TAY-nius The deepest layer of skin. Xeroderma zeer-oh-DER-mǎ Dryness of the skin. © Jennifer Atkins Glossary and Pronunciation Guide Page | 57