ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON Teacher’s Guide Secondary Compulsory Education “El gust per la lectura” “A taste for reading” Secretaria General de Polítiques Educatives Subdirecció General de Llengua i Plurilingüisme Robert Louis Stevenson NOEMÍ BAGÉS FORTACÍN NÚRIA IVERN MORETÓ 2 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialShareAlike 3.0 Unported License 3 INDEXINDE INDEX INTRODUCTION 7 TEACHER’S GUIDE 8 1. Objectives 2. Contents 3. Didactic guide 8 8 10 I - ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON. BIOGRAPHY 12 II - THE STRANGE CASE OF DR JEKYLL AND MR HYDE 1. Before reading 2. While reading: reading guide 3. After reading 3.1. Let’s have a closer look 3.1.1. The characters 3.1.2. Who tells the story? 3.1.3. Letters as a literary device 3.1.4. The novel as a symbol 3.2. Let’s find out more 3.2.1. Drugs 3.2.2. The limits of Science 3.2.3. Visual poems 15 15 18 29 29 29 33 34 37 40 40 40 40 III – TREASURE ISLAND 1. Before reading 1.1. Am I a pirate? 1.2. Islands and treasures 1.3. Ships 2. While reading: reading guide 3. After reading: a fantastic journey 3.1. Destiny: an unknown island 3.1.1. Where are we now? 3.2. Objective: in search of a treasure 3.3. Travelling companions 3.4. Supplies and resources 3.4.1. What are we going to take with us? 3.4.2. Symbols 3.4.3. Words are also important 3.5. We go back home 43 43 43 48 49 51 56 56 56 56 57 60 60 60 61 61 BIBLIOGRAPHY 63 APPENDIX 1. Pirates 64 6 INTRODUCTION This dossier is about the nineteenth century Scottish writer Robert L. Stevenson. It is a compilation of diverse activities of two of his most well known works: The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Treasure Island. The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a short novel that explains the terrifying events that happened to the scientist Dr Jekyll when he decided to go ahead with his experiments on human duality. Treasure Island is an adventure novel that tells the story of young Jim Hawkins whose life changes radically when an old pirate stays at his tavern and tells him about the existence of a hidden treasure. The death of the pirate and of Jim’s father speed up the events and the young boy and his friends, Doctor Livesey and Mr Trelawney, begin a trip full of excitement and dangers to an unknown and remote island. Both novels, apparently very different in form (extension), genre (horror and adventure respectively) and plot (the speculations and experiences of a scientist without scruples and the adventures of a young man), share two aspects that make them specially attractive to young readers: an exciting and shaking narrative rhythm and the invitation to a reflection on human duality and the complementarity between good and evil. The dossier is structured in three blocks: a general introduction and two parts that refer to each novel. The introduction contextualizes both works, it deals with the author, his time and different literary genres. Both parts referring to The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Treasure Island have identical structures: - A section with activities to carry out before reading, to introduce the topic, motivate the students into reading and update the novels by establishing a relationship with our historical and social context. - A reading guide which target is to foster the reading skill and which is structured in chapters. - A section with activities to be carried out after reading the chosen novel to reflect on the form and the content of Stevenson’s novels as well as to encourage the students’ creativity. The activities are based on the following books: First Cycle ESO: Treasure Island - Penguin Readers - Level 2 Second Cycle ESO: The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde - Oxford Bookworms - Stage 4 There is an answer key for the activities which have a closed answer and suggested answers for most of the activities which have more open answers. 7 TEACHER’S GUIDE 1. Objectives 1. To encourage a taste for reading. 2. To discover reading as a means of personal development and enrichment. 3. To learn about Stevenson’s historical context and his work. 4. To identify the elements that shape a literary work (time, space, characters, structures and plot) and analyse them. 5. To plan and produce texts of different typologies. 6. To use ICT tools. 7. To develop a critical attitude so that the students are able to create a debate with a line of argument and with respect towards their own ideas and the ideas of the others. 8. To reflect on the ideas stated in the work of Stevenson on the complexity of human nature. 9. To encourage interest in the relationship among the different areas of human knowledge: Science, Technology, History, Anthropology, and Language and Literature. 10. To relate Stevenson with other authors and works 11. To encourage students’ creativity 2. Contents Aesthetic and literary Dimension 1. Reading of classical juvenile literature works following a literary itinerary. 2. Use of strategies and techniques that help analyse and interpret a literary text before, during and after the reading. 3. Analysis of the elements that shape a literary work (characters, lexicon, narrative structure, topic, place, themes and plot) and of the narrative elements of the novels that are being studied (narrative point of view, narrative time and historical time, style…) 4. Learning about the most significant facts of R. L. Stevenson’s biography and the characteristics of his main works (The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Treasure Island) 5. Identification of the historical and social context of the literary works and reflection on the relation between the works and their context. 8 6. Development of reading autonomy and recognition of reading as a source of knowledge of the world, of human nature, and of the relationship among people and oneself. 7. Reflection, from the motivation of literary works, on present topics and conflicts in the scientific, technological and humanistic fields. Communicative dimension 1. Understanding and interpreting written texts with special attention to the specific characteristics of narrative texts. 2. Oral and written production of texts of different typologies. 3. Participation in oral debates about topics related to the content of the novels. 4. Use of ICT and audiovisual languages. 5. Resolution of linguistic resources. 6. Attitude of cooperation and critical respect towards differences of opinion in collaborative learning. 7. Participation in interaction as a means to arouse awareness of values and feelings of oneself and of the others, and to regulate conduct. 8. Development of strategies for linguistic correction and grammar revision of the texts 9. Identification of the lexical and semantic fields that appear in the messages and increase of knowledge and command of the new lexicon, the new mechanisms of word formation and of idioms and proverbs. 10. Organisation and appreciation of individual work to improve in the learning process in an autonomous manner and for personal and team work improvement for a collective building of knowledge. Intercultural and plurilingual dimension 1. Awareness of the fact that languages are elements that define personal and collective identity, a tool to encourage communication and learning and a door open to the understanding of the world and of other people. 2. Awareness of belonging to a linguistic, social and cultural community and a positive attitude of interest and trust in language and cultural diversity 3. Readiness to use language knowledge according to the different command one may have, in real contexts and in different functions: exchanges with people or in information research in any possible format (audiovisual, internet, consulting material) 4. Awareness of own attitudes towards different languages and cultures, and appreciation of the cultural and linguistic variations. 5. Critical attitude towards messages that may mean any kind of discrimination, and will to overcome prejudices. 9 Common contents with other subjects Interaction, understanding and expressing oral, written and audiovisual messages connected to contents from other curricular subjects (Social Sciences, Music, Maths, Experimental Sciences, Citizenship, Visual and Plastic Education). 3. Didactic guide For the teaching / learning process The dossier presents enough types of activities to be carried out by a wide range of students. We also believe that both works of R. L. Stevenson that are presented here (The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Treasure Island) can meet the needs of the boys and girls of ESO. Activities of different kinds referring to the content as well as to the typology are presented to be carried out. This diversity of activities would like to contribute to the development of cross competencies and, in addition to those that are strictly communicative, have an effective effect in the methodological and personal competencies and in those related to the social and civic competence. Although the activities in this dossier are presented following a conducting thread, we leave it to the teachers to choose those they may consider more adequate to meet the diversity in the classroom. For the evaluation To tackle the initial evaluation, we suggest a choice of the activities in the “Before reading” section, where there is an attempt to relate the students’ world to the novel they are going to read. In this section, therefore, concepts that have already been worked in previous courses may be found. Regarding the formative evaluation, we believe it is important for the student to deal with the understanding of the text and to be able to express own ideas. These evaluation activities can be found in the second block of each book, that is, in the reading guide. Evaluation should be carried out throughout all the reading process and the students should know what they are going to be evaluated about. The sumative evaluation should take into account, in addition to the previously mentioned aspects, the motivation and the effort of the students and their degree of commitment in their work on the reading. The most adequate activities for this evaluation can be found in the “After reading” section where the aim is to reflect on and to work deeply on the novels as well as the on topics suggested. 10 11 ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON I - BIOGRAPHY Stevenson was born on November 13,1850 in Edinburgh, the son of Thomas Stevenson a noted engineer and Margaret Isabella Balfour. Since his childhood, Stevenson suffered from tuberculosis and this illness marked both his childhood and his adult life. As a child, he had to stay at home for long periods and his nurse, Alison Cunningham, known as Cummy in the family circle, told him stories and read aloud to him. The child soon showed a natural inclination towards literature. As an adult, his bad health made him travel abroad in search of mild climates. He studied engineering and then law at the University of Edinburgh but when he was 21 years old, Stevenson openly declared his intention of becoming a writer against the strong opposition of his father. In 1876 in France, Stevenson met an American woman named Fanny Osbourne who was separated from her husband and had two children. Stevenson fell madly in love with her and they married in 1878 in California. After his marriage, he and his wife lived in Switzerland and in the south of France for four years. Stevenson became famous with the romantic adventure story Treasure Island, which appeared in 1883. Among his other popular works are Kidnapped (1886), The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886) and The Master of Ballantrae (1889). In 1889, Stevenson and his family set out on a cruise of the South Sea Islands. When it became clear that only there could he live in relative good health, he settled on the island of Upolu in Samoa. Fascinated by the Polynesian culture, Stevenson wrote several letters to The Times on the islanders' behalf and published novels like The Beach Of Falesa (1893) and The Ebb-Tide (1894), which condemned European colonial exploitation. Stevenson died on December 3, 1894, in Vailima, Samoa. Read Robert Louis Stevenson’s Biography twice and then try to answer the following questions without looking at the text: 1) Robert Louis Stevenson, a) Was born in England and died in Samoa. b) Was born in Samoa and died in Scotland. c) Was born in Scotland and died in Samoa. 2) As a child Robert Louis Stevenson, a) Did not like literature. b) Really liked literature. c) Didn’t have any contact with literature. 3) At university, a) He studied engineering and then law. b) He studied literature. c) He did not study anything. 12 4) He met his future wife in: a) Samoa. b) France. c) California. 5) The novel that made him famous was: a) Kidnapped. b) Treasure Island. c) The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. 6) He and his family travelled to the South Sea Islands, a) Because they had family there. b) Because Stevenson wanted to write a novel about Samoa. c) Because the weather was good for his health. 7) In Samoa, a) Stevenson was fascinated by the island’s culture. b) Stevenson wrote some letters against the Polynesian culture. c) Stevenson tried to impose his own culture to the native people. 13 II. THE STRANGE CASE OF DR JEKYLL AND MR HYDE 14 THE STRANGE CASE OF DR JEKYLL AND MR HYDE 1. BEFORE READING 1. Do you know this symbol? Do you know its meaning? a) Go to the following web page, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yin_and_yang, where you will find information about it and then try to fill in the chart you have below: Name of the symbol Meaning: Origin: Examples to explain its meaning: b) You have probably heard about Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, about their relationship and what they represented. Still, read both the back cover and the story introduction on the first page of the book to know more about it: Mark in what sense the main subject of the novel you are about to read can be related to the yin and yang symbol: 15 1. It is about love and hate. 2. One mad scientific has double personality. 3. It deals with good and evil. 4. It is about a mysterious character. 5. It is about friendship. 6. It is about the duality of a person’s nature. 2. This videogame cover very well represents one of the main subjects in Stevenson’s book: duality, the coexistence of good and evil in the same person. a) The author considers that this duality exists in all of us. Before discussing this idea in the class, read the following assertions and decide if they are true for you. Mark YES or NO in each box. I have been cruel to an animal once (for example: throwing rocks to a cat, hunting an insect and keep it in a box, cut a lizard’s tail on purpose, burning bugs…) I have taken care of an injured animal. YES YES NO NO I have wished somebody ill. I have wished somebody well even if I 16 don’t really know this person. YES YES NO I have acted wrong in order to get a profit from it. I have left something I really wanted because in order to have it, I had to do something wrong. YES YES YES YES NO I have given back a valuable object I have come across. NO I have felt no sympathy for anyone suffering. How many affirmative answers? NO I have been sincere even if I knew I would be told off or punished for that. YES YES NO I have helped somebody even if it was hard for me. NO I have stolen something. YES YES NO I have blamed somebody else for something that I was guilty of. YES I have stood for a mate being laughed at. NO I have not helped somebody who really needed it. YES NO NO I have laughed at same mate. YES NO I have suffered for people I don’t even know personally. NO How many negative answers? NO YES How many affirmative answers? NO How many negative answers? 17 b) After the results, discuss the following in class: i) Do you recognize a dark side in you? ii) Do you think that kindness and cruelty can live together in the same person? iii) Do you agree with Stevenson in that everybody has two different personalities at the same time? 3. The novel you are about to read has remained popular in modern times. Find out about books, films and plays that have been inspired by the story.(information at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde) Books Films Sontag, Susan (1974). ‘Doctor Jekyll’. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Rock Dr.Jekyll & Mr. Hyde (2006) ‘n Roll Musical (2002) Directed by Andre by John Carl Buechler Champagne Mary Reilly by Valerie Martin 2003, movie, U.S., The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen Plays and musicals Jekyll and Hyde: The Musical (2001) -- David Hasselhoff. The Two Faces of Dr. Jekyll (1960) EUGENE ARCHER The Nutty Professor (1962) -- Jerry Lewis. Jekyll and Hyde (1990) -Michael Caine. 2008, NBC TV Series My Own Worst Enemy starring Christian Slater 18 2. WHILE READING 1. Read chapter one “The mysterious door” and answer the following questions: a) The first chapter starts describing the novel’s main character. What do we know about him? Complete the following chart: Name: Mr. Utterson Job: Lawyer Personality: Quiet, serious, polite, fair, gentle, kind and good with friends, strict with himself, always ready to help. Hobbies and way of life: He did not allow himself many enjoyable things in life, he ate and drank simply and although he enjoyed theatre, he didn’t go very often. b) Say if the following statements are true or false. Put a tick in the appropiate box: TRUE 1) Mr. Utterson’s best friend was a distant cousin called Richard Enfield. X 2) They are friends because they are really similar to each other. 3) Mr. Enfield tells Utterson a strange story. A mysterious building with a dusty door reminds him of this story. FALSE X X 4) The facts Enfield recalls happened at day light with crowded streets. X 5) Mr. Enfield explains that a man and a child bumped into each other and the man calmly walked all over the child’s body with heavy boots. X 6) That man was short and had a very evil look. X 19 7) Mr. Enfield scared him and made him run away. X 8) The girl was obviously injured after the incident. X 9) Everybody took a violent dislike to the short man. X 10) The man agrees to hundred pounds for the child’s family if the incident isn’t made public. X 11) The cheque he gave was not signed by himself but by a very well-known person. X 12) The strange man didn’t want to tell his real name. x 2. Read chapter two “In Search of Mr. Hyde” and answer the following: a) In chapter two we meet the main characters in the novel and we know about their relationships. Complete the following chart with the names given Dr. Lanyon, Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll, Poole, Utterson He is the servant. He has orders to let Mr. Hyde in the house. Poole he meets him in the street. Mr.Hyde He visits him to ask about Jekyll. Utterson he is his lawyer Dr.Jekyll Dr.Lanyon they are old friends but they don’t see each other often. 20 b) Utterson spent many nights waiting for Hyde. The night when he finally saw him was a “dry, clear winter night” and “the street was empty and silent”. Why do you think the author makes it clear that in that night, visibility was good? To let no doubts about what really happened. c) Why is Utterson so nervous about Dr Jekyll’s will? Because he is worried about the idea of Hyde blackmailing Jekyll. d) Why do Utterson and Dr Jekyll meet a fortnight later? Because Dr Jekyll gives a dinner party for a few old friends e) What is Dr Jekyll like? He is a tall, well-made man of fifty with a smooth, kindly face. f) Mr. Utterson and Jekyll talk about the will. What does Jekyll say about it? He says that if anything happens to him, he wants Utterson to give Mr Hyde all his money. g) What does Jekyll say about Dr Lanyon? He is disappointed. e) The last words in the chapter are “I promise”. What does Utterson promise? To whom? Utterson promises Dr Jekyll to help Hyde if something bad happens to the doctor. 3. Read chapter three “The Carew murder” and answer the following questions: a) What terrible incident happens just one year later? Mr Carew is murdered. b) Who is the witness? A servant girl. c) Why does the servant girl recognize Mr Hyde? Because he once visited the girl’s master. d) How does Hyde murder his victim? He hits the old man violently with the stick and knocks him to the ground. He beats the helpless body again and again. e) What time does the murder take place? 2 o’clock. f) What is the servant girl’s reaction? She begins to feel ill and she faints. 21 g) What weapon does the murderer use? A broken stick. h) What does the victim carry with him? A gold watch and a letter addressed to Mr. Utterson. i) Why do the police contact Utterson after Mr Carew’s murder? Because of the letter he carries. j) Utterson identifies the body. Who does he say is the dead person? Sir Danvers Carew. k) Where do the police and Utterson go together? They go to Mr Hyde’s address. l) What two objects at Mr Hyde’s house show that he is the murderer? The cheque book and the other half of the stick. m) In what sense the outside and the inside of Mr. Hyde’s home differ? The house was in a poor part of London but the inside was extremely comfortable and in excellent taste, with beautiful pictures and rich carpets. 4. Read chapter four “Doctor Jekyll receives a letter” and answer the following questions: a) Join the two parts of a sentence to summarize the main events in the chapter: 1. Utterson visits Dr. Jekyll a. that nobody will ever hear of Hyde again. 2. Utterson wants to know b. through a letter. 3. Dr. Jekyll assures Utterson c. and finds him white and ill. 4. Hyde says he is safe and will not appear anymore d. Hyde’s handwriting is almost identical to Dr Jekyll’s 5. Dr. Jekyll gets Hyde’s letter e. if Jekyll hides Hyde. 6. Utterson keeps Hyde’s letter f. by hand, not by post. 7. Mr. Guest thinks that g to make Mr Guest examine it 22 1c; 2e; 3a; 4b; 5f; 6g; 7d 5. Read chapter five “The death of a friend” and answer the following questions: a) Complete the text with the names of the following characters (they can be used more than once): Utterson, Hyde, Lanyon, Jekyll Time passed but there was no sign of Mr Hyde. The police tried to arrest him but he had just disappeared. Dr Jekyll was calmer and he invited his friends to his house, he was at peace with himself and the world. In January, however, his attitude changed and he refused to see visitors. Utterson decided to talk about this with Lanyon but the doctor had changed completely: his face was grey and thin and he looked old and sick. Besides, he refused to talk about Jekyll but didn’t want to explain why. Then, Utterson wrote a letter to Jekyll to know why the two doctors were no longer friendly. The reply was long and not easy to understand. Finally, Lanyon died but he left a letter to Utterson. The envelope said “ not to be opened until the death or disappearance of Dr Jekyll”. b) Why doesn’t Utterson read Dr Lanyon’s letter even if he is really worried about Jekyll? Because on the envelope it said: “Not to be opened until the death or disappearance of Doctor Henry Jekyll”, and Utterson was too honest a man and a lawyer to do otherwise. c) He asks Pool about his master, Jekyll. What is the servant’s answer? “Not very well, sir. He spends all his time in the study above his laboratory. He sleeps there. He seems very silent and uneasy. Something is worrying him, sir, but he won’t tell anyone”. 23 6. Read chapter six “The face at the window” and answer the following questions: a) Where do Utterson and his cousin happen to pass through one day? The narrow side-street again. b) What does Utterson suggest? To visit Jekyll. c) At an open window of the study above the laboratory they see Jekyll. How does he say he feels? He says he is not very well, that he is not going to live much longer. d) What happens after Jekyll says “That’s an excellent idea”? Jekyll’s face changes to an expression of fear and horror and the window is shut with a bang. 7. Read chapter seven “The last night” and answer the following questions: a) Why did Poole visit Utterson after dinner? He is frightened that something terrible has happened to his master and he asks Utterson to go with him to see for himself. b) Describe the atmosphere in the street that night. It was a wild and stormy night. The streets were strangely lonely and empty. The thin trees were blowing wildly and untidy grey clouds were sailing past a pale, sickly moon. c) When they arrived, the hall was full of people. Who were they? And why were they all together? They were the servants. They were really frightened. d) What is the voice that comes from the room like? It is very different from Dr. Jekyll’s. e) What is Poole’s suspicion? He thinks that somebody has killed his master and has taken his place. f) How did Dr. Jekyll give orders to the servants this week? He left written notes on the stairs. g) What did he ask for in the notes? He asked for some chemical powders. h) Who did Poole see when the study was open? A short man wearing a mask. He recognized him as Mr. Hyde. i) What do Utterson and Poole decide to do? To break into the laboratory. j) Who did they find when they broke into the room? In what state was he? They found the body of Mr Hyde, he was dead. k) Did they find Dr Jekyll? No l) In the room they also found a large packet addressed to Mr. Utterson with three envelopes. What was the content of the three letters? One was the will completely changed, saying that Jekyll’s belongings should go to Mr. Utterson. The second envelope was a note to Utterson asking him to read Lanyon’s letter. The third one was the confession. 24 8. Read chapter eight “Doctor Lanyon’s letter” and answer the following questions: a) In this chapter, Stevenson finally unveils the novel’s mystery. Can you explain it briefly? Dr Lanyon confesses that he was a witness of the transformation of his friend Jekyll into the hideous Hyde, so we finally discover that Hyde and Jekyll are the same person. b) The secret is revealed when Utterson reads the letter that Dr. Lanyon has sent him. Here is a short version of this letter. Try to fill in the blacks with the words provided: Fear letter appearance book unknown favour evil danger knock chemical powders shook murderer liquid hate Dear Utterson, Four days ago, I received a letter from Dr Jekyll. It was surprising. He asked me a favour: that very same night I should go to his house and get some packets of chemical powders, a small bottle and a book from his study. He also said that before midnight I would receive a visit from a man who would collect everything. He asked not to fail him because he was in fearful danger. I thought that Dr Jekyll was mad but I still decided to help him. At midnight there was a knock on my door. A short man was standing in the shadows. There was something really unpleasant about him. His appearance was extremely strange. His face was a mask of pain, violence and hate. He took the box and put a little of the red liquid in a glass and added a packet of powder. He asked me if I wanted to leave or stay and experience something unknown to science. I stayed and saw how he drank the liquid and his whole body shook and jumped. As I watched, his whole body seemed to change. There, before my eyes, pale, shaken and sick, stood Dr Jekyll. I cannot make myself write down the things that Jekyll with tears in his eyes confessed. Now fear and horror are my only companions. Sleep has left me and I feel I have not long to live. The evil thing that came into my house that night was known by the name of Hyde and was wanted by the police for the murderer of sir Danvers Carew. Hastie Lanyon 25 9. Read chapter nine “Doctor Jekyll’s confession” and answer the following questions: a) Are these sentences true or false? Put a tick in the T box or in the F box. T a) As a young man, Jekyll was already a very successful scientist X b) But he also was a fun-loving young man-about-town. X c) He was not worried at all about his double personality. d) He studied a way to separate the two personalities living in him F X X e) On a stormy night, his two personalities separated after a lightning reached him. X f) Both Jekyll’s personalities were physically identical. It was impossible to distinguish one from the other. X g) At the beginning, the good side of his character was stronger than the evil side. X h) Hyde became bigger and stronger and it reached a point were he appeared without Jekyll drinking the drug. X i) Jekyll was afraid of his alter ego Mr. Hyde. X J) Dr. Jekyll wrote his confession under the appearance of Mr. Hyde. K) Dr. Jekyll felt he was about to die while he wrote his confession and he didn’t know what was going to happen to Hyde. X X 26 3. AFTER READING 3.1. Let’s have a closer look 3.1.1. The characters a) Imagine you are a policeman and you are investigating Mr Carew’s murder. Read the descriptions that different witnesses give about the appearance of Mr Hyde before the tragic murder occurs. Could you fill in the police file from the descriptions? Probably not, as the descriptions are too vague. “Although Utterson could not see his face, he felt a strong, almost violent, dislike for the stranger.” ( p.10) Witness: Utterson “He is not easy to describe, although I remember him perfectly.. He is a strange-looking man. He’s short, but has a strong, heavy body. There’s something ugly and unpleasing- no, something hateful. I disliked him at once.”( p.6) Witness: R.Enfield There were no photographs of the wanted man and no two people could agree about his appearance. They all agreed on one thing, however.” An evil man, sir,” the servant girl said.” You could see it in his face.” ( P.18) Witness: the servant girl 27 However, now that you have finished the novel, you have a much more clear idea about his looks. Try to fill in the following police record file. POLICE DEPARTMENT(LONDON) Police record Name: Crime: Address: Physical appearance: Body: Face: Clothes: Personality: POLICE SKETCH b) Using all our senses. All the characters in the book that saw Mr. Hyde at some point agreed that he was almost impossible to be described. None of them could remember the exact traits of his face but they did remember the immediate dislike they felt for him. We get the feelings from the world and the people around us through all our senses, not only the sight. In fact, the hearing is as effective as sight when it comes to arousing different feelings. Now, we suggest that you listen to five different music bits (the links allow you to listen to them directly from youtube) and then decide which ones remind you of Hyde. Vivaldi, Summer (Presto, 3r mov.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxplDa3M5Io http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iWj6y_ACk0 Vivaldi, Spring http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50lmd0ngwPc Stravinsky, The Rite of spring- the http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqB6nz_enn4 28 sacrifice. &feature=related Mussorgski, A night in a bald mountain. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl_t3xjxrrA Mozart, A little sweet music http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DSTqp-bqFQ c) Apart from Jekyll and Hyde, there are two more characters that are very important in the story. To whom do the following statements belong? Rewrite them in the labels below. - He is a doctor and a friend of Jekyll. - He tries to investigate Hyde’s identity. - He dies after he sees Jekyll transform into Hyde. - He is Richard Enfield’s cousin. - He thinks that committing suicide is his only way out. - His servant is called Poole. - He can’t control his rage and his hate. - He wants to separate the two sides of his personality, the good one and the evil one. - He does not agree with Jekyll’s ideas and investigations. - He murders Carew. - He is really worried about Jekyll. - His will states that Hyde inherits all his money. - His only presence causes immediate distress and a feeling of dislike. - He only goes out at night. - He reads Lanyon’s confession. - He were mates at university.. Jekyll 29 Lanyon Utterson Hyde 30 3.1.2. Who tells the story? A point of view is the relationship of the narrator to the story. We can have novels with: Point of view First-person The narrator is a character in the story, referred to as “I”. Third-person limited The narrator reveals the thoughts, feelings, and observations of only one character, referring to that character as “he” or “she”. Third person omniscient The narrator is not a character but someone who stands outside the story and comments on the action. a)Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is told from different points of view. Decide the point of view used in the following three fragments in the story: 31 “ this will had both worried and annoyed Mr. Utterson. To a lawyer it was an unusual and dangerous kind of will. It was bad enough when Edward Hyde was only an unknown name, but now that the lawyer knew something about Hyde, the will worried him more than ever.” P. 7 “I was born in the year 18-. I inherited a large fortune, a strong healthy body and an excellent mind. I was naturally hard working and soon I was extremely successful in my chosen work as a scientist.” P. 55 First-person point of view. Third-person limited point of view “ Something terrible is happening to my master. I can’t explain. But… please, sir, can you come with me and see for yourself?” At once Mr Utterson fetched his coat and hat. “Thank you, sir,” whispered Poole gratefully.” P.37 Third person omniscient point of view b) In what ways would the story be different if the narrator was Jekyll from the very beginning? Why do you think the author uses the character of Utterson to tell the story? If the story was told by Jekyll from the beginning there would be no mystery about Hyde’s identity. Stevenson chooses this solution to create suspense. 3.1.3 Letters as a literary genre In the novel, there are many letters. In fact, letters are a literary device that Stevenson uses to unveil the mistery hidden in his work. The characters in the novel get in touch by letters. Discuss in groups: a) Why do you think they use letters to communicate? Was there any other mean of communication in 1886? b) How do you think characters would talk to each other if the novel was set nowadays? c) How do you communicate with your friends (letters, mails, cell phones, phone)? How often do you do it? Is there any mean of communication that you never use? 32 d) Here you have an imaginary letter that Utterson could have written to Richard Enfield at the end of the story, after having read himself Lanyon’s and Jekyll’s letters. Put it in the correct order so that it makes sense: Paragraph 1 London, January 1889 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 Paragraph 6 Paragraph 7 Paragraph 8 You know how much I appreciate you and how much our friendship means to me. It is for this reason that I want to share with you the last unbelievable incidents I have been involved with. I have to ask you to keep the revelation secret, because as you will see, it is a very serious matter and it may have consequences for the future development of science and humanity. You might be surprised that I didn’t turn up to our weekly meetings but in the last weeks I have witnessed the most exceptional facts and I needed time to clarify my thoughts. All the best, Dear Richard Enfield, The terrible facts to which I am referring to are the following: Dr. Lanyon and Dr.Jekyll letters unveil a terrible secret. Both recognise doctor Jekyll and Mr.Hyde as the same person! Yes, my friend... the mysterious behaviour of our friend Jekyll was due to his secret experiment, which tried to separate his evil personality from his good one. He achieved it, it resulted in death. Lanyon witnessed the experiment and his health was not able to stand as much anguish. Mr. Utterson Do you understand now why I beg you to be cautious? Please, do not talk to anyone about it. We can talk it through in the next meeting which I hope will be as soon as possible. 33 Order of Paragraphs: e) Letters have several parts, which give us the necessary information and structure the text. These parts are the following: signature place and date closing salutation body Now that you have put the above letter in the correct order, could you identify its parts? Write in the labels the number of the fragment. Bear in mind that in some of the labels you will have to write more than one fragment. If you have any doubts you have many examples at : http://www.readwritethink.org/materials/letter_generator/ f) Write a letter to a friend of yours. After asking about his/her life, tell him/ her about you reading The Strange Case of Jekyll and Hyde. Recommend this book to his/her and say why you think it is worth reading it. Don’t forget to include all the parts in a letter. 3.1.4 The novel as a symbol As you have already seen in the introduction, this novel was written in the Victorian era, in the year 1885. During the last years of the XIX Century, England went through very important changes both at economical and social levels as well as religious ones. It seems that the great success of Jekyll and Hyde was due to the fact that the novel was able to capture all the fears that Victorian society was facing, and also the feeling that Victorian society was in fact really fragile and almost hypocritical. a) The new ideas that put Victorian values into jeopardy appeared after the thoughts expressed by three of the most relevant personalities of the time. After reading the information, try to guess their names. You can use the internet to find out the information. I wrote Civilization and Its Discontents where I stated that the relationship between individuals and society are never easy, as the same institutions that provide survival and happiness for humans, cause them unease. I also pointed at the subconscious as a determinant element for both society and individuals. I am ________________ 34 I wrote the On the Origin of Species and I expressed my doubts about the human being as the centre of the divine creation. I provided scientific evidence that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors. I am ________________ I wrote The Capital in 1867 and I stood for the working class. I thought that man was alienated for economical, political and religious reasons. I am ________________ b) The book The Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde can be interpreted as a symbol for all the menaces that Victorian society had to face. Would you be able to relate the three thinkers above to the three possible symbolic meanings of Hyde in the novel? Symbol Thinker Hyde might represent the new power of the working class. Hyde might also represent the man free of social restrictions and religious beliefs, specially the idea of man as a divine creation Hyde might also represent not only Jekyll’s subconscious but that of a Victorian society that always has to mind its manners. 35 c) In the novel there are other elements that are used to symbolize the two main characters and the situations where their actions take place. Use arrows to match them. Fog, wind, and cold Weather Nice weather Jekyll day Time night Hyde housing Elegant, wealthy neighbourhood Dirty, depressed area d) The names of the three main characters in the novel, Hyde, Jekyll and Utterson, can be seen as symbols as well. Hidden under spelling differences we can infer the following verbs from each of the characters’ names : 1. Utterson = To utter 2. Hyde= To hide 3. Jekyll= To kill. a) What do these three verbs mean? Translate them into Catalan. b) How can the meaning of these three verbs relate to each of the characters? 36 3.2. Let’s find out more 3.2.1. Drugs Dr Jekyll decides to test his theory of the two sides of human nature by performing an experiment with heavy drugs. He knows death is possible but still decides to go on with the experiment. He considers that potential benefits override the risks. This fact brings forward two really controversial topics: On the one hand, drugs and its effects on people’s personality and on the other, the limits of scientific experimentation. Read the following information about drugs http://kidshealth.org/kid/grow/drugs_alcohol/know_drugs.html and then prepare a class PowerPoint presentation by answering the following questions: 1. What are drugs? 2. What are illegal drugs? 3. Why are they dangerous? 4. How can I tell if somebody is addicted to drugs? 3.2.2. The limits of Science Today, scientists explore the possibilities of cloning and creating life. Read the following article: http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20040128/Feature1.asp and start a debate about genetic manipulation. The class can be split into four groups, two of which will be in favour of it and the other two will be against it: “There should be limits to scientific experimentation”. Before the oral debate starts, each group has to write down at least two arguments. 3.2.3 Visual poems a) The front page for the musical based on Jekyll and Hyde (http://www.jekyll-hyde.com)/ uses a visual poem to introduce the play: 37 a) Could you translate the poem into Catalan? b) Do you agree with the poem? Why? c) Do you think the poem is a good introduction to the novel? Why? b) Visual poetry is one of the most important work innovations by the poet Joan Brossa, as he said: Visual poetry is neither a drawing nor a painting but a means of communication Here you have some examples: http://www.joanbrossa.org/obra/brossa_obra_poesia_visual_llistat.htm Would you be able to play with the words GOOD an EVIL and create your own visual poem? Have a look at these two examples to get inspired: 38 39 III - TREASURE ISLAND 40 TREASURE ISLAND 1. BEFORE READING You have probably heard about the novel Treasure Island and so the plot might be familiar to you. If not, you can read the back cover and the story introduction that will tell you about Jim. The main character in the story will go far across the sea aboard a ship called the Hispaniola to Treasure Island, with a gang of dangerous pirates. 1.1. Am I a pirate? 1.1.1. Watch the following video about the popular film Pirates of the Caribbean at youtube: http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=zRsUTdV0TDE After you have watched many scenes about pirates, try to complete this brainstorming with the words you relate to Pirates: Ship Fights Desert Island Rum Treasure Pirates Mutiny Jolly Rogers Sailing 1.1.2 Watch the video again and this time, pay attention to the song. It is a famous hymn for pirates. Here you have the lyrics: 41 Yo ho, yo ho, a pirate's life for me. We pillage, we plunder, we rifle, and loot, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. We kidnap and ravage and don't give a hoot, Drink up me 'earties, yo ho. Yo ho, yo ho, a pirate's life for me. We extort, we pilfer, we filch, and sack, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. Maraud and embezzle, and even hijack, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. Yo ho, yo ho, a pirate's life for me. We kindle and char, inflame and ignite, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. We burn up the city, we're really a fright, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. We're rascals, scoundrels, villans, and knaves, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. We're devils and black sheep, really bad eggs, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. Yo ho, yo ho, a pirate's life for me. We're beggars and blighters, ne'er-do-well cads, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. Aye, but we're loved by our mommies and dads, Drink up, me 'earties, yo ho. a) As you can see, pirates use many verbs and adjectives to describe their actions as well as themselves. Look at the diagrams below where you will find the verbs grouped by similar meanings and use an arrow to match them with their Catalan translation. 42 Pillage, plunder, ravage, loot, sack, maraud. saquejar Kindler, char, inflame, ignite, burn up. segrestar o extorsiona Extort, kidnap, hijack, fright. cremar robar Filch, pilfer, rifle, embezzle. b) In the chart below, you have all the words in the song that describe the pirates. Listen to the song again and place the words in the correct blank. English Catalan rascals scoundrels devils pillet canalla dimonis bad eggs beggars ous podrits pidolaires English villains knaves blighters black sheep Catalan vil brètol plaga ovella negra near-do-well desastre C) Apart from Pirates of the Caribbean, Which novels or films about pirates do you know? Films Novels Mar i Cel de Guimerà Treasure Island 43 1.1.3. The word pirate has more than one meaning. a) Have a look at the definition of the word pirate at http://www.websters-onlinedictionary.org/ and write down the definition related to each context: A pirate at sea: Someone who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea without having a commission from any sovereign nation A pirate In computing: Software pirate A pirate with books and writings: a plagiarist, someone who uses another person’s words or ideas as their own b) The word pirate is almost identical in many languages: Catalan Basque Spanish English French German pirata pirata pirata pirate pirate pirat Use a dictionary to find out the origin of the word pirate and which its original meaning was. c) In English, the words pirate and hacker share some meaning. Check it by looking out the meaning of both words in the dictionary on line http://www.websters-onlinedictionary.org/. Write down the meaning they have in common: pirate Hacker Copy published material illegally A programmer for whom computing is its own reward; may enjoy the challenge of breaking into other computers. Software thief 1.1.4. Famous pirates. a) Both literature and cinema are full of adventures where pirates star. All these stories have been inspired by real pirates, some of which are legendary. Here you have three of the most famous pirates in history. Read their biographies1 or check at http://piratemaster.wetpaint.com/page/Famous+Pirates and fill in the chart below: 1 Annex 1 44 Century and main territory: Henry Morgan Why is he famous? Edward Teach Barba Negra Century and main territory: Why is he famous? Century and main territory: Anne Bonney Why is she famous? 1.2. Islands and treasures 1.2.1 Islands a) Write down, without the help of an atlas, the names of all the islands you can remember. b) How do you imagine your ideal island? First try to fill in the chart and then write a brief description with all the information decided. My Ideal island Situation: Size: Climate: Population Flora and fauna: 45 Geographical features: c) What would you take to a desert island? Who would you go with? 1.2.2. Treasures a) Would you dare to take part in an expedition in the search of a treasure? b) Where would you hide a very valuable object? How would you mark the place? How would you mark the exact place to remember it later on? How would you pass the secret information about the treasure to someone else? c) Make a list with ten things you consider a treasure. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Now circle the ones that are not material objects, if there are any. 1.3. Ships The action of the novel takes place mainly on board, on the Hispaniola ship. Do you know the main parts of a ship? Read the following definitions in Catalan. Could you match the English counterpart after having a look at the picture below? 46 piratemaster.wetpaint.com/page/The+parts+of+a... Catalan English Definition Arbre o pal mast Cadascun dels pals fixats en un vaixell de vela, perpendicularment a la quilla, destinat al sosteniment de les veles. Popa stern Part posterior del buc d'un vaixell. Proa bow Part davantera del buc d'un vaixell. Babord port Costat esquerre d'un vaixell mirant-lo de popa a proa. Bauprès bowsprit Pal ajagut que surt de la proa del vaixell. Estribord starboard Costat dret d'un vaixell, mirant-lo des de popa a proa. Major mainmast Pal o arbre vertical que va situat al mig d'un veler. Mitjana mizzenmast Pal o arbre vertical que va situal a la part de popa d'un vaixell de tres arbres Trinquet foremast Pal o arbre vertical que va situat a la part de proa d'un veler. 47 2 . WHILE READING 1. Read chapter one “Jim Hawkins Story I” and answer the following questions: a) Who tells the story you are about to read? Jim Hawkins b) An old man comes to the Inn. His physical appearance is quite peculiar. Mark the traits that describe him: Tall Elegant Plump Pale Strong Short Brown face Skinny Ragged clothes c) Why does he decide to stay at the inn? Because not many people came to it. d) How does he behave? He is really quiet. e) Who is the captain afraid of? Of a sailor with one leg. f) Early one January morning, Black Dog appears at the inn. Match the actions with the corresponding character: 1. He is looking for his friend Bill 2. His face went white. Black Dog 3. He says the captain is really ill. 4. He fell on the floor. Captain 5. He sees two men fighting. 6. He runs out of the house Jim 7. He calls Billy Bones to the captain 8. He gets the captain a drink. Dr. Livesey g) Put the actions in the correct order: 1. Jim’s father dies. 2. The blind man puts a black paper into the captain’s hand. 3. The captain is dead on the floor. 4. The captain spends a week in bed 5. A blind man arrives at the inn. 6. The captain says he has three hours, as they are coming at 10 o’clock. Order of the actions: 4 1 5 2 6 3 h) Where do Jim and his mother go to look for help? To the village. i) Everybody was too afraid of helping them. What do they decide to do? They decide to go back to the inn and get the captain’s money. j) What do they find inside the captain’s box? Some clothes, a bag of money and an envelope. 48 k) They suddenly hear a noise and they have to rush. What do they have time to take? An envelope. l) Jim and his mother hide behind a tree but the pirates look for them because they want the envelope. Who comes to rescue them? People in the village. m) Decide if the following sentences are true or false: 1. When Jim arrives at Mr Trelawney’s house, he is alone. T F 2. Jim tells Mr Trelawney’s about the pirates T F 3. Mr Trelawney says Flint was a famous pirate and a very bad man. T F 4. Mr Trelawney is not excited about the treasure. T F 5. Inside the packet there is a map of the island T F 6. The map says nothing about a treasure. T F 7. Mr Trelawney decides to go to Bristol to buy a ship. T F 8. He also decides that Jim and Dr Livesey travel with him. T F n) Some weeks later Dr. Livesey gets a letter from Bristol. Trelawney has everything ready for the journey. What is the name of the ship? What is the name of the cook? What is peculiar about him? Hispaniola. Long John Silver. He has only one leg. o) Why does Jim go to the Spy Glass Inn? Because Mr. Trelawney tells him to give Long John Silver a letter. p) Jim sees Black Dog and tells Silver about him. What does Silver do? He tells his men to catch him but as they lost them he tells Mr. Trelawney about the incident. q) Captain Smollet is not happy about the trip. Why? Fill in the chart with his objections Things Smollet doesn’t like Objective of the journey The sailors Why? He doesn’t know where they are going but the sailors say they are looking for a treasure. He doesn’t like them because he doesn’t know some of them r) One night Jim climbed inside a barrel to get some fruit and he hears a very dangerous conversation .Complete what Long John Silver said with the words given: Treasure captain map leg dead kill ship Flint was our captain. I lost my leg and Pew is dead now. Most of Flint’s men are now on this ship. We want to kill Captain Smollett, Trelawney and the doctor but let’s wait. They have the map so let them find the treasure first. 49 s) What does Jim do with this information? He tells the doctor Mr. Trelawney and Captain Smollet. t) When they arrive at the island, many facts happen. Imagine that Jim writes them down in some papers in order to remember everything when he comes back to England. Unfortunately the papers get all mixed up. Can you help him to put the in the correct order? I quietly get in one of the boats that go the island too. 4 I climb a hill and I saw a man. He is Benn gun. Once on the island I run away from the pirates. Silver calls me but I don’t listen to him.5 John Silver and thirteen men got in the small boats to get to the island. I tell Ben Gun the whole story.7 Smollet tells Mr. Trelawney’s men about Silvers’ intentions. 1 6 3 Smollet gives free time to the sailors to avoid a mutiny. 2 I hear the pirates talking angrily. There is a fight and one man dies.9 I and Benn gun run to the beach and hear a fight.8 2) Read Chapter 2 “Dr Livesey’s Story” and answer the questions: a) Mr Trelawney, the doctor and captain Smollet were on the ship together with six pirates when the other thirteen pirates go to the island. What did they do there? They waited and looked for Jim on the ship. b) Why did Dr Livesey and Hunter take a boat and went to the island? Because he wanted to see the house on the island. c) Finish the following sentences: 1. Joyce and the doctor carried the food from………………………. 2. Joyce stays in the house with the gun and the doctor………………. 3. The five men put food and guns into a small ship and ………………. 4. Then the pirates on the Hispaniola heard them and wanted to ………………… 5. Mr. Trelawney shot at them and …………………………. 6. The pirates on the island………………………. 7. The five men jumped on the beach and most of the food ………………. 50 8. They reached the house and shot …………………. 9. One of the pirates and Redruth ……………… 10. The person they hear outside the house is…………….. 3) Read Chapter 3 “Jim’s Story II” and answer the questions: a) When Jim gets to the house he tells Dr Livesey about somebody. Who? Ben Gunn. b) How many people are there in each gang? There are fifteen pirates and seven men, counting Ben Gunn. c) Next morning Silver comes to the house with a white flag. What does he want? He wants the map. He says that if they give him the map, they can leave the island safe. d) What is Captain Smollet answer? He tells him to leave. He tells Silver that pirates do not have the map and can not sail the ship. e) Afterwards the pirates attack the house. Who dies? Joyce and five pirates. f) After Livesay left the house. Jim takes some food and a gun and leaves the fortress as well. Where does he go? He goes looking for Ben Gunn’s boat. g) What does Jim want to do at the Hispaniola? He wants to cut the rope so that the wind can push the ship away from the beach. h) How many men were on the ship at that moment, what were they doing? Two. One was Israel Hands. They were having a fight. i) Next morning Jim decides to climb onto the Hispaniola . What happens there? Complete the sentences with the correct option: has dissapeared. 1. One of the pirates is dead but Israel Hands…. lies there with his leg badly hurt. fights Hands 2. Jim … gives Hands some water. Hands hill help him sail North if he gives him food. 3. Jim and Hands agree that They should both wait for the others. Hands and Jim fight. Jim gets hurt. 4. Once the ship was near the beach on North Inlet Hands and Jim fight. Jim fallss into the sea. 51 Everybody is happy to see him 5. Jim gets to the house and John Silver is there. j) How many pirates are there in the house? Six. All the others are dead. k) Silver decides not to kill Jim, even if all the other pirates don’t agree. Why? Because he needs him. l) How does Silver make the other pirates agree with him? He shows them the map. m) Who asks “Why are you with the pirates, Jim”? The doctor. n) Silver, Jim and the pirates start looking for the treasure. At the beginning of the expedition they are really happy. What changes their mood? They see a dead man killed by Flint and then they hear someone singing and they think it is Flint. o) What do they find under the tree? An old box instead of the treasure. p) What is the pirates’ reaction? First, they sit and say nothing but Silver knows they are angry. q) Who saves Jim and Silver from the pirates? Ben Gunn and the doctor. r) Who gets the treasure before Silver and the pirates get to the place? Where does he hide it? Ben Gunn. He takes it home. s) Why does the doctor give the map to Silver? Because he knows it is useless, as the treasure is no longer there. t) Why do they break one boat? Because in this way, the pirates can never reach the Hispaniola. u) How do they celebrate the happy ending? They have a good dinner all together, even Silver. v) What is Silver’s attitude? He says he wants to help and he laughs and smiles. x) Explain how the story ends. They leave the island three days later, after leaving some food for the pirates that stay on the island. They sail to the nearest town. Silver escapes there with part of the treasure. The rest get home with the treasure and do not want to return to the island again. 52 3. AFTER READING The novel Treasure Island is a journey towards a lost island in the far seas. We want you to relive that trip by doing the activities below. 3.1. Our Destiny: a desert island In the past, seamen used compasses and the stars to find their way in the sea. Besides, they had to make guesses about the weather. Nowadays, we have very modern systems such as the GPS (Global Position System) which allow us to know exactly where we are, the exact coordinate. 3.1.1. Where are we right now? Do you know you position right now? By using the program Google Earth you will find it out easily ( if you don’t have it in your computer you can download it easily from http://earth.google.com/intl/es/ Write the name of your town here Here you can see the coordinates The program will show you an aerial image of your town. You can come closer if you click on +. Now complete: Town/village: coordinates: 3.2. Objective: in the search of a treasure The final goal of the expedition is to find a treasure. In the end, Jim and his mates are happy because they find it. However, some men die during the adventure. Give your personal opinion on the following questions: a) Do you think it is ethical to get a treasure by robbing and sacking as Flint did? 53 b) Do you think it is correct that Jim and his friends share the gold even if it was previously robbed to someone else? c) Ben Gun had the treasure for a long time but it was useless on the island. The author of the novel seems to reflect on the fact that sometimes material goods are not important. What do you consider to be treasures? In groups, make a list of non material things that you consider to be treasures. Vote the best suggestion so that the whole class comes up with the most non material treasure Our treasure is…………………………….. Compare you answer to the one you wrote down in exercise 2.2 in Before Reading. d) Stevenson wrote Treasure Island after he drew a map of an imaginary island with a hidden treasure. It seems hat he wrote the novel to entertain his family. In fact, the map is a basic element in the story as all characters want to have it. I groups, draw a treasure map. Following these instructions: 1. The island is your school, so draw a map of the school and decide where you will hide the treasure. 2. Make up symbols and their meaning. 3. Write down at least five tracks. 4. Leave trails in the places marked in the map. 5. Hide the treasure (it can be just a paper with the thing you have decide is a treasure in exercise 2b) 6. If you want your map to look like an old and authentic map, crease the paper and throw some coffee on it. . After it dries up, it will look like a real XIX century map! 3.3. Travelling companions a) Imagine you have to go on an expedition to look for a treasure on a desert island. Who would you go with? Make your own crew with characters from novels, cartoons or films. MY CREW Captain Helmsman Commander Cleaning team Cook Doctor b) Stevenson sometimes uses the names he gives to his characters as symbols. For example, we can guess John Long Silver is going to be a very important character in the novel just by the meaning of his name. What does “Silver” mean? Find out the meaning of the following Characters: 54 . Black Dog Ben Gunn Silver Billy Bones Hunter Livesay Trelawney c) Do you remember the role of each character in the novel? Match the picture with its definition He is the hero of the book. He finds the map in the captain’s box and eventually saves everyone from the pirates. After many adventures on Treasure Island he returns to England with the treasure. JIM TRELAWNEY 55 He is hired by the Squire to be the cook on the Hispaniola. He turns out not to be a cook but an evil pirate who is also hunting for Captain Flint's treasure. Generally he is not to be trusted. He is a clever, sneaky and villain who is feared by all. He escapes at the end of the book with some of the treasure and is never seen again. SILVER He funds the secret treasure hunt, but due to his big mouth he lets the secret out, alerting Long John Silver and his pirate mates. Brave, means well, but a little bit stupid - he is also hopeless at keeping secrets. TRELAWNEY A decent, honorable man, who is practical and sensible even when things get tough. Due to his common sense the treasure is found and brought safely home. LIVESAY FLINT JIM SILVER He has been on the island for three years. He helps Jim and the others to overcome the pirates and take the treasure home. BEN GUNN LIVESEY .A drunken, violent and yet terrified man who brings the map to Jim's Inn. He is given the Black Spot by Blind Pew and dies of a heart attack from terror. BILLY BONES He is a fine, upstanding gentleman and an excellent captain. He is immediately suspicious of his motley crew. He proves to be very brave and trustful. SMOLLET An evil and sinister pirate who was blinded in a pirate attack. He is cruel, scary and determined to get the map. He gives Billy Bones the Black Spot. PEW He was the most evil, cruel and heartless pirate to sail the seven seas and it is his treasure that everyone is after. BEN GUNN PEW BILLY BONES SMOLLET 56 3.4. Supplies and resources What would you take to a desert island to be able to survive there? In groups decide which twelve things would be the most necessary ones. Bear in mind that on the island there will be fruit trees, rabbits and a stream. 1. _______________________________ 7. _______________________________ 2. _______________________________ 8. _______________________________ 3. _______________________________ 9. _______________________________ 4. _______________________________ 10. ______________________________ 5. _______________________________ 11. ______________________________ 6. _______________________________ 12. ______________________________ 3.4.2. Symbols Flags are important as they are symbols that may represent a nation or an ideology. In the novel, both pirates and gentlemen respect the white flag in the middle of the fight. In fact, each group has a flag that represents them: the pirate flag and the England flag. In those times, each pirate was able to have his own flag, although the meaning was always the same: frighten the enemy and make it clear that they were dangerous. Here you have some examples: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolly_Roger How would you design your flag if you were a captain on a pirate ship? Design it by using at least three elements and explain what they mean: My flag Symbols 57 3.4.3. Words are also important When you go on a dangerous trip like that, it is important to know the environment, to be familiar with the words related to geography. Could you complete the picture with the correct words? Cave, hill, island, port, dune, delta, cliff, peak, crag, slope, bay, pond. 3.5. We go back home. a) Imagine you are Jim Hawkins and you have a personal diary. Choose the episode in the novel that you have liked the most and write about it in your personal diary. Don’t forget: • to write down the date and place where the events took place • Use the present perfect tense. (I have seen, we have made...) • Apart from telling about the main facts, you must talk about your feelings and your spirits. • You can draw some pictures to go with the text. b) Discuss in groups: What would you do with your part of the treasure? d) In the end of the book we know that Silver disappears with some of the treasure in the first stopover. This fact leaves many questions open: will he spend all his money in 58 few months? Will he be arrested? Will he be a pirate again or will he be a different person? Write down the imaginary letter that John Silver writes to Jim Hawkins twenty years later. Follow the instructions: addressee (Jim Hawkins) writer/ heading (John Silver) salutation body Closing Signature Localitat des d'on s'escriu i data 59 BIBLIOGRAPHY Baker, Franklin, T. Introduction to Stevenson, R.L., Treasure Island. Charles E. Merrill Co. New York. 1999 Gish, Nancy. Jekyll and Hyde: The Psychology of Dissociation. International Journal of Scottish Literature. 2007 McGlinn, Jean M. and McGlinn James E. Teachers guide to the signet classical edition of Robert Louis Stevenson’s Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Ed. Signet Classics Study for the Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The Glencoe Literature Library. Ed. Glencoe Mc Graw Hill. New York Stevenson, R. L. The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Oxford Bookworms Level 4. OUP. 2008 Stevenson. R. L. Treasure Island. Penguin Readers Level 2. Pearson-longman. 2008 Pirates, corsairs and buccaneers. Centre of educational resources of the sea of the Maritime Museum of Barcelona. The schooner of Saint Eulàlia. Centre of educational resources of the sea of the Maritime Museum of Barcelona. Web sites: Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson.2008: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/services/treasure National Library of Scotland. Robert Louis Stevenson. 2008: http://www.nls.uk/rlstevenson/ Dury, Richard. The Robert Louis Stevenson web site. Bergamo University.2008 http://dinamico.unibg.it/rls.htm Nelson, Brittany (2000). Classic Note on Treasure Island (Grade Saver site): summaries, analyses, links Treasure Island: A Literature Unit Study http://www.easyfunschool.com/article2275.html Several articles and activities about Stevenson and his novels www.teachit.co.uk The Victorian web: http://www.victorianweb.org/ Several documents on Jekyll and Hyde: http://www.teachit.co.uk/index.asp?CurrMenu=24&S=486 Treasure Island Study guide: http://www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/treasure/section3.html 60 Appendix 1 Pirate Name: Anne Bonny Hailed from: County Cork, Ireland Born: between 1697 and 1705 Died:1782 Physical characteristics: Early Life: Her father, attorney William Cormac, had an affair with his maidservant Mary or Peg Brennan. She became pregnant with Anne and the affair became public. William married Ms. Brennan then moved the family from Ireland to Charleston, South Carolina. There he made a fortune and bought a plantation where Anne grew up. How she became a pirate: When Anne was 16, she fell in love with and married a pirate hunter called James Bonny. Her father disowned her. James moved with Anne to the Bahamas. There she began to mingle with pirates. James began turning pirates in to the governor of Nassau. Anne despised him, finding herself more attracted to the real pirates - like "Calico" Jack Rackham. She met Jack Rackham and had an affair. In order to avoid superstition and join Jack's crew, Anne dressed herself up as a man. Her main territory: Bahamas, Jamaica, and the Turk and Caicos Islands. Famous/Infamous for: She was a female pirate. She never commanded her own ship. Physical characteristics: Blackbeard was tall and muscular, and used his physique to his advantage. His mere reputation had enemies surrendering with little resistance. He had a long black beard, which he would braid ribbons into before battle. He wore a bandolier across his chest with six pistols. Blackbeard had long hair, and was also known to weave matches (candle wicks) into it and would light them before a battle, cloaking his head in a cloud of smoke 61 Early Life: The truth of his early life was never known. Others have said that he was the illegitimate child of a barmaid and a nobleman. Even his true name has it doubts. It has been referenced as Thach, Tach, Tache, Tatch, Teatch and Thatch. ''Teach'' seems to be the accepted spelling since it was used by Lt. Maynard, who eventually slew him. Finally met her end: Mysteriously disappeared At her trial, both her and Mary Read were sentenced to hang. But, they were spared when they "plead their bellies." Meaning they were both pregnant, so the court would not hang an innocent child. It is said that both were carrying Calico Jack Rackham's child. And both ladies had given birth to a child before. Mary died in prison before the sentence could be carried out, and their are two stories of what happened to Anne. One was that a Doctor had taken fancy to ther and notified her father who was known in Jamaica, and had pull with the Governor, enough to get her pardoned. The other story was that Anne, on a previous occasion told the Governor of a plot to kill him, and he pardoned her with the proviso that she leave the Caribbean and never return. And as stated previously, she did disappear. (Note: I am writing a novel, and as a result of research the facts reported are everything that is known of what happened to Anne and Mary) Biggest myths: Anne started a fire on here father's plantation in retaliation for her father disowning her over marrying the pirate James Bonny. Also rumoured to have had a sexual relationship with Mary Reade Captain Morgan Click Easy Edit to add details about this pirate! Real Name: Sir Henry Morgan Born: 1635 Hailed from: Wales, UK Died: August 25, 1688 Physical characteristics: 62 Early Life: How he became a pirate: Her main territory: Famous/Infamous for: When he died in 1688, there were almost no pirates left. Morgan was one of the most ruthless and brutal of all pirates. His wit and force made him one of the most respected and feared pirates of all time. He has been said to be the king of all pirates. He was knighted and made left tenant of Jamaica. Finally met his end: Sir Henry Morgan, the greatest buccaneer, died on August 25, 1688. The Governor of Jamaica, the Duke of Albemarle immediately ordered a state funeral. Morgans body was taken to the King’s House at Port Royale for viewing by friends, family and drink mates. The funeral procession with Morgan atop a gun carriage was slow and mournful. Sir Harry was taken to the church of St. Peters which boasted the tallest stone tower in the city. A church Sir Harry had donated much of the money to build. Dr. Longworth gave a fine eulogy for ole Harry. Many a tears was seen to flow as they carried him to the cemetery of the Palisadoes and laid poor Harry to rest. Captain Wright ordered the gun crew of the Assistance to give him a twenty two gun salute. The HMS Drake, which lay in harbour and many other warships, echoed the salute. After the last of the warships guns had fired, the merchant ships in one thunderous explosion fired their guns as well. Never again will such as Captain Henry Morgan sail these waters. 63