WHAP!
SPICE THEMES
These are the overarching themes we use to breakdown (analyze) the human story. Subordinate to
these are units of analysis, (38 are shown below) these may be used to define document groups;
similarities and differences; or continuities and changes over time. We will fit specific events,
developments, trends, ideas, interactions (evidence) into one of these or similar units to learn the
content of the story (the plot). Then we can learn how they interrelate through contingency,
coincidence, and conjuncture. Contingencies are those events or interactions that must have
occurred in order for some later event to occur, in fact that may make the later event inevitable.
Coincidence is simply chance, sometimes societies are just lucky, or unlucky, or both.
Conjuncture is when several independent events or developments come together and interact to
make a new and unique historical moment. Once we grasp this way of thinking, we can then
construct our own arguments using these tools in the form of a coherent history essay.
Social: Social-Development and Transformation of Social Structures
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Gender roles and relations including patriarchy
Family and kinship
Racial and ethnic constructions
Social and Economic classes
Lifestyles
Traditions
Political: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Political structures and forms of governance
Empires
Nations and nation-states
Nationalism, xenophobia and chauvinism
Revolts, rebellions and revolutions.
War
Bureaucracy and examination systems
Regional, trans-regional, and global organizations
Interactions-Environment: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Demography and nutrition
Disease and disease prevention
Migration
Patterns of settlement
Technology and innovation
Transportation
Geographic influences such as climate, wind patterns and physical features
8. Land/water use such as irrigation, waste dumping, flood control, etc.
Culture: Development and Interaction of Culture
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Religion, ceremony, buildings and leaders
Belief systems/ philosophies
Ideologies, cults, mystics and mysticism
Science and understandings of the natural world
Art, literature and architecture and their impact on people and societies
Schools and universities
Economic: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems
1. Agriculture and pastoral production
2. Trade and commerce including routes, hindrances and goods
3. Scarcity and the demand for raw materials and finished goods
4. Labor systems including slavery
5. Professions and services
6. Taxation and monetary systems
7. Industrialization and urbanization
8. Capitalism and socialism
9. Banking, markets and joint stock companies
10. Levels of economic development/activity
WHAP!
Must Know - Regions & Chronology of Societies *
Middle East/Southwest Asia
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mesopotamia
Egypt
Nubia
Babylonia
Israel
Persia
Byzantium
Arabs
Umayyad
Abbasid
Ottoman
Safavid
3500 BCE †
3500 BCE
3500 BCE
1600 BCE
1350 BCE
550 BCE
330
636
661
750
1300
1501
Central Asia
•
•
•
Xiongnu
Huns
Mongols
Indus Valley
Aryans
Mauryan
Gupta
Portuguese
Mughal
British rule
200 BCE
100
1209
•
China
 Xia
2200 BCE
 Shang
1800 BCE
 Zhou
1100 BCE
 Warring States 400 BCE
 Han
206 BCE
 Sui
589
 Tang
618
 Song
960
 Yuan
1271
 Ming
1368
 Qing
1644
 Republic
1912
 Communist
1949
Japan
 (centralized state)
572
 Tokugowa (feudal)
1600
 Meiji Restoration
1868
Vietnam (ind. From China)
938
Europe
2200 BCE
1500 BCE
321 BCE
320
1505
1526
1858
Southeast Asia
•
•
•
South Asia
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
East Asia
Malay/ Srivijaya 350
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Greece
Rome
Hellenists
Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
Established Kingdoms
Kievian Rus
Multi-ethnic Empires
Nation States
1200 BCE
700 BCE
338 BCE
27 BCE
800
beginning 800
822
beginning 1600
beginning 1750
North Africa
•
Meroe
Andes




300 BCE
West Africa
•
•
•
•
•
Niger River
Ghana
Fulbe
Mali
Songay
300 BCE
830
1000
1230
1450
Axum 50
Swahili 1000




•
Great Zimbabwe 1250
Dutch settlements 1620
•
•
*
Spanish Empire in South &
Mesoamerica 1521
British settlements in North America
1607
Latin American Revolutions
1810
1200 BCE
250
300
1400
 Mississippi River Valley
BCE
 Hopewell culture
BCE
 Chaco canyon
 Cahokia
 Iroquois
 British colonies
 US of America
South Africa
Americas
Olmec
Maya
Teotihuacán
Aztec
North America
Central Africa
•
•
3000 BCE
750 BCE
100
1450
Mesoamerica
East Africa
•
•
Norte Chico
Chavin
Moche
Inca
2000
200
860
900
1300
1607
1776
Oceania
 Lapita culture
1000 BCE
 Australia British Penal Colony
1780
This list denotes the beginning only of a civilization, society or empire. Ending dates and possible further regional
spread will be discussed later as we move through the chronology. There is considerable overlap in each region.
†
Dates Before the Common Era are designated BCE, dates in the common era (CE) are left un-designated.
AP World History Curriculum Framework
AP World History: World Regions — A Big Picture View
fpo
AP World History: World Regions — A Closer Look
fpo
22
Return to the Table of Contents
© The College Board
1
AP World History
History Jargon
abolition
absolutism
administer / -stration
admonish / -ment
afroagrarian
ameranalyze / analysis
anarchism / anarchy
ancient
anti-semitism
appeasement
arable
archaeology
archaic
architecture
-archy
argue / argument
aristocracy
atheism
asceticism
authoritarian / -ism
balance of power
balance of trade
barbarian
bureaucracy
border (national)
bourgeoisie
bureaucracy
capital / -ism
capitol
capitulate
cartel
casualty
causation
celibacy / celibate
central / -centric
circa (c. ca.)
city-state
citizen
civilization
chauvinism
chivalry
class struggle
classical
coerce / coercive
coincidence
colony, colonial
Columbian Exchange
communal
communism
conjuncture
conscript / -ion
conservative
constitutionalism
consumer / ism
conflate
consumer
context
continent
contingency
convention / -al
converge
converse (n.)
corporation / corporate
corollary
correlation
cosmopolitan
coup d’état
-cracy
craft (n. & v.)
credit
currency
Darwinism
debit
debt
deficit
deforestation
deity / deism
democracy
demography
destiny
determinism
dictator / -ship
diffuse / diffusion
diplomacy
diversity
divinity / divine
doctrine
document (v. & n.)
dogma / dogmatic
domestic
draft (v. & n.)
dualism
dynasty
eclectic
economy / economic
egalitarian
elite
empire / emperor
enlighten
entrepót
era
ethic
ethnic / ethnoeuroexecutive (branch)
expense
fascism
feminism
feudalism
fief / fiefdom
filial
fiscal
forage
frame of reference
free trade
frontier
fundamental / -ism
genocide
geoglobalization
government
-graphy
guild
hegemony
heliohierarchy
historiography
hyperhypoiberian
identity
July 9, 2010
ideology
imperialism
incarnation / incarnate
indenture (v.)
independence
industrialism
inverse / invert
-ism / -ist / -ize
judiciary / judicial
junta
kin / kinship
laissez-faire
-lateral (uni- bi- multi-)
the Left
legislature / legislative
legitimacy
liberal
-logy
malnutrition
mandate (v. & n.)
manifest / manifesto
manuscript
maritime
material
materiel
medieval
mercantilism
mesometametallurgy
metropole /-politan
middle class
migration
militarism
minister (of) …
modernity
monarchy
monastery / monastic
monetary
monomonogamy
monopoly
monsoon
2
mortality
nation
nation-state
nationalism
neoNGOs
nobility / noble
nomad / nomadic
nun
optimism
oracle
oral
orthodox
pacifism
pagan
paleopanpapal / papacy
pastoral
paternal
patriarch / -archy
patrician
peasant
peonage
period
perspective
pessimism
pilgrim / pilgrimage
plague
AP World History
History Jargon
point of view
political / politics
polypolygamy
postpragmatism / pragmatic
priest
primary
principal
principle
proletariat
propaganda
protectorate
protoprovince / provincial
push-pull factors
psychoqualify
quandry
quantify
quantity
quest
racism / racial
radical
rational / rationale
raw material
rebel / rebellion
reform
regime
reincarnation
republic
revenue
revolt
revolution
the Right
rimland
rural
Russosacred
scholastic
secede / secession
secondary
secular
sedentary
segregation
serf / serfdom
shaman / -ism
Sinoskepticism
slavery
Social Darwinism
social democracy
socialism
socio-economic
sovereignty / sovereign
sphere of influence
state (n.)
status quo ante bellum
strata / stratification
July 9, 2010
subsistence
syncretic
tariff
teleology / teleological
terminal
territory / territorial
terrorism
textile
theocracy
Third World
totalitarian
tradition
trust (n.)
unanimity
union (n.)
urban
utopian
veneration
verbal / verbabize /
verbificate1
vernacular
viceroy
the West
working class
world-systems theory
1
Just kidding! (