Type of Network
Broadcast Networks
Types of transmission technology
• Broadcast links
• Point-to-point links
Broadcast Networks (2)
Classification of interconnected processors by scale.
Local Area Networks
Two broadcast networks
(a) Bus
(b) Ring
Metropolitan Area Networks
A metropolitan area network based on cable TV.
Wide Area Networks
Relation between hosts on LANs and the subnet.
Wide Area Networks (2)
A stream of packets from sender to receiver.
Wireless Networks
Categories of wireless networks:
• System interconnection
• Wireless LANs
• Wireless WANs
Wireless Networks (2)
(a) Bluetooth configuration
(b) Wireless LAN
Wireless Networks (3)
(a) Individual mobile computers
(b) A flying LAN
Home Network Categories
•
•
•
•
•
Computers (desktop PC, PDA, shared peripherals
Entertainment (TV, DVD, VCR, camera, stereo,
MP3)
Telecomm (telephone, cell phone, intercom, fax)
Appliances (microwave, fridge, clock, furnace,
airco)
Telemetry (utility meter, burglar alarm, babycam).
Physical and Logical Topologies
Simple Physical Topologies
Physical topology

Physical layout of a network
A Bus topology consists of a single cable—called
a bus— connecting all nodes on a network without
intervening connectivity devices
Bus topology
Figure 5-1:
network
Bus topology
network
Simple Physical Topologies
A terminated bus network
Simple Physical Topologies
Ring topology


Each node is connected to the two nearest nodes so the entire
network forms a circle
One method for passing data on ring networks is token passing
Active topology

Each workstation transmits data
A typical
ring
network
Simple Physical Topologies
Star topology

Every node on the network is connected through
a central device
A typical
star
topology
network
Hybrid Physical Topologies
Hybrid topology

Complex combination of the simple physical topologies
Star-wired ring

Star-wired topologies use physical layout of a star in
conjunction with token ring-passing data transmission
method
A starwired ring
topology
network
Hybrid Physical Topologies
Star-wired bus

In a star-wired bus topology, groups of workstations are
star-connected to hubs and then networked via a single bus
A star-wired bus network topology
Hybrid Physical Topologies
Daisy-Chained

A Daisy chain is linked series of devices
A daisychained
star-wired
bus
topology
Hybrid Physical Topologies
Hierarchical hybrid topology

Uses layers to separate devices by priority or function
A hierarchical ring topology
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
Enterprise

An entire organization
Backbone networks




Serial backbone
Distributed backbone
Collapsed backbone
Parallel backbone
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
Serial backbone

Two or more hubs connected to each other by a single cable
Distributed backbone

Hubs connected to a series of central hubs or routers in a hierarchy
A simple
distributed
backbone
network
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
A distributed backbone connecting multiple
LANs
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
Collapsed backbone

Uses a router or switch as the single central
connection point for multiple subnetworks
A
collapsed
backbone
network
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
Parallel Backbone

Collapsed backbone arrangement that consists of more than one
connection from central router or switch to each network segment
A parallel
backbone
network
Enterprise-Wide Topologies
Mesh networks

Routers are interconnected with other routers, with at least two
pathways connecting each router
An example
of a mesh
network
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Topologies
Peer-to-peer topology


WAN with single interconnection points for each location
Dedicated circuits
Continuous physical or logical connections between two access
points that are leased from a communication provider
Figure 5-14:
A peer-topeer WAN
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Topologies
Ring WAN topology

Each site is connected to two other sites so that entire WAN
forms a ring pattern
A ring-configured WAN
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Topologies
Star WAN topology

Single site acts as the central connection point for several
other points
A starconfigured
WAN
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Topologies
Mesh WAN topology

Many directly interconnected locations forming a complex mesh
Full-mesh and partial-mesh WANs
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Topologies
Tiered WAN topology

Sites connected in star or ring formations are interconnected at
different levels, with interconnection points organized into layers
A tiered WAN topology
Logical Topologies
Refers to the way in which data are
transmitted between nodes
Describes the way:


Data are packaged in frames
Electrical pulses are sent over network’s physical
media
Logical topology may also be called network
transport system