AGUSTINIANO CIUDAD SALITRE SCHOOL
SCIENCE AREA – 6th GRADE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORKSHOP
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM consists of the organs that help to breathe. Respiration also known as breathing is the
process which delivers oxygen from the external atmosphere to the body and removes the carbon dioxide from
body and expels out. The main parts of the respiratory system and their functions are as follows:

The nasal passages are in the nose. The air gets warm and moist passing through them. They also
trap dirt to keep the lungs clean.

The nostrils are involved in air intake, i.e. they bring air into the nose, where air is warmed and
humidified. The tiny hairs called cilia filters out dust and other particles present in the air and protects
the nasal passage and other regions of the respiratory tract.

The pharynx takes air from the nose and mouth to the larynx. Food passes through the pharynx to the
esophagus.

The larynx contains the vocal cords. They help us to speak.

The trachea is a long tube with hard rings. It divides into two big branches called bronchi. The trachea
is also known as windpipe. The trachea filters the air we inhale and branches into the bronchi.
KEY WORDS:
Match the word with the definition. Take into account the parts of the Respiratory System:

The bronchi divide into many small branches called bronchioles. The bronchi are the two air tubes that
branch off of from the trachea and carry atmospheric air directly into the lungs.

The lungs are two soft organs that contain the bronchioles and millions of alveoli. The main organ of
1.Respiratory
System
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and
their environment; includes breathing and cellular respiration. _____
the respiratory system is lungs. Lungs are the site in body where oxygen is taken into and carbon
2.Respiration
The area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and produces
vocal sounds. _____
carry and distribute the oxygen to all body cells that need it. The red blood cells donate the oxygen to
dioxide is expelled out. The red blood cells present in the blood picks up the oxygen in the lungs and
the cells and picks up the carbon dioxide produced by the cells.
A collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen
and expel carbon dioxide. _____

Each bronchiole finishes in tiny sacs called alveoli.

Alveolus is the tiny sac like structure present in the lungs which the gaseous exchange takes place.
4.Larynx
The tube that connects the larynx to the lungs. _____

The capillaries are tiny tubes around the alveoli that contain blood. The alveoli and the capillaries have
5.Trachea
One of the two tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea. _____
6.Bronchi
Any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon
dioxide are exchanged. _____
7.Alveoli
The passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus. _____
3.Pharynx
thin walls, so gases can go through them.

The diaphragm: Breathing begins with a dome-shaped muscle located at the bottom of the lungs which
is known as diaphragm. When we breathe in the diaphragm contracts and flatten out and pull
downward. Due to this movement the space in the lungs increases and pulls air into the lungs. When
we breathe out, the diaphragm expands and reduces the amount of space for the lungs and forces air
out.
THE PROCESSES OF BREATHING:
Two actions allow the exchange of gases in the lungs: inhalation (breathe in) and exhalation (breathe out).
1. With the INHALATION the air reaches the alveoli. The oxygen in the air goes through the alveoli into the
capillaries. Then the blood carries the oxygen to all the cells in the body.
2. The blood also takes carbon dioxide away from our cells. In the lungs, the carbon
dioxide goes through the capillaries into the alveoli. Then it leaves the body with the EXHALATION.
Complete the sentences that explain the processes of breathing:

Air is warmed, moistened and filtered as it travels through the ____________________
and____________________.

It then passes through the ____________________ and one of the two ____________________ into
one of the ____________________.

After passing into the many bronchioles, it finally arrives into some of the millions of tiny sacs called
____________________.

This is where gas exchange takes place - ____________________ passes out of the air into the blood,
EMPHYSEMA
LUNG CANCER
and ____________________ ____________________ passes out of the blood into the air in the
alveoli.

When you inhale:

The intercostal muscles contract, expanding the ____________________.

The ____________________contracts, pulling downwards to increase the volume of the chest.

Pressure inside the chest is lowered and air is sucked into the ____________________.

When you exhale:

the intercostal muscles relax, the ____________________ drops inwards and downwards

The ____________________ relaxes, moving back upwards, decreasing the volume of the chest.

Pressure inside the chest increases and ____________________ is forced out.
Use your book to read about the respiratory diseases and write 5 advices to prevent them:
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
SOME DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
BRONCHITIS
ASTHMA
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________________