Johnston
What makes human
beings “unique”?
Honors World History
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2011-12 class notes
Wear clothing
Communicate….we can speak and make sounds to represent
ideas….language….
We adapt to a variety of environments
Drive cars
Think for ourselves
Bi-pedal
Cook our food
Language
Opposable thumbs
We are not really all that different
Critical thinking
Use tools
We created a way to live in large groups
Culture and society and it can change
Tools, medicine
Quiz 1:1
1. What does an archeologist study and how do they
contribute to our understanding of prehistory?
2. What is meant by the term, prehistory
3. Why would human fossils be so rare
4. How come “dating methods” are so important in
archeology?
5. How does Carbon 14 Dating work>
6. Thermo luminescence dating is good for dates to
how long ago?\
7. What does the term hominid refer to?
8. How long ago and what advances did Homo Erectus
make
9. How were Neanderthals better at adapting to the
environment than Homo Erectus (what advances did
Neanderthals make)
10.Name four things that fire could be used to do
EX: Describe the Hunting and Gathering lifestyle
Quiz 1:2
1.
What was the greatest invention of the Neolithic? How long ago
did this start?
2. How is a domesticated animal different than wild animals that you
used to hunt?
3. Combine the answers for 1 and 2 and tell me what changes in the
4.
5.
6.
7.
Essay for text on
prehistory
Social Definition
Period 3 2:1
Period 4 2:1
way we live will occur?
Why does Catal Huyuk cause archeologist s to quiver with
excitement?
What is an artisan, and why could these folks never make a living in
the Paleolithic (hunting and gathering stone age)?
Along with all these changes were the invention of techniques to
work metals…..what was the first practical metal used for tools and
why was it so useful?
When we begin to live in larger population densities, it is going to
require that we will radically readjust our ways and rules for living
together. Describe some of these new “social” inventions that
come about because of civilization.
The development of agriculture in the
Neolithic is sometimes described as the
greatest advance in human history.
Using content information and concepts
we discussed in class, describe the
evolution of systematic agriculture from
the hunter-gatherer cultures that
dominated human life for our first
million years.
 Government
 Religion
 Social laws and traditions
1. What rivers gave the people of Mesopotamia the water then
needed for drinking and farming
2. What modern country is Mesopotamia in today?
3. What important thing did Hammurabi do in c. 1725 BCE
4. How would you define “literature” and what necessary invention
would have to be place before literature could be created
5. Why were temples such important places
6. What is a city-state
7. An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth were not really about
maiming people…what were these laws doing?
8. What is an empire and why were they hard to maintain?
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6.
7.
1. What rivers gave the people of Mesopotamia the
water then needed for drinking and farming
2. What modern country is Mesopotamia in today?
3. What important thing did Hammurabi do in c.
1725 BCE
4. How would you define “literature” and what
necessary invention would have to be place
before literature could be created
5. Why were temples such important places
6. Why would irrigation systems be hard to keep
going
7. What is cuneiform?
8. What does the term “polytheistic” mean?
9. What is a “patriarch”?
2:27
 Building pyramids and mummifying people
were the result of the same belief….what was
that belief?
 What was the status and role of the Pharaoh
in Egyptian society?
 What are hieroglyphics?
 After you read the story of Osiris and Isis,
what natural feature did Osiris come to
represent and why?
 Name two inventions or technical advances of
the Egyptians
 What ended the Middle Kingdom
 What material did Egyptians do everyday
writing on.
The Purple sea traders
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Phoenicians
Lived on the coast line of modern Lebanon
Main cities Tyre, Sidon, Byblos
Monopoly on purple dye
Sea traders
Mediterranean
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Atlantic
From Black Sea to England, from Africa to France
Cork, wine, tin for dye, jewelry and metal tools from the Near East
Prosperous
Population explosion
Colonies ( an area that your people settle in another country)
They relieve population pressure in the Mother land
2:3
1. Name two languages (therefore peoples) that are based on
Indo-Europeans nomads from the Steppes of the Soviet
Union
2. What secrets did the Hittites control that gave them power
in war and trade. (in the old Jewish temple, this substance
was strictly forbidden……I wonder why?)
3. What was the economic source of power for the
Phoenicians?
4. The Phoenicians had to cope with hundreds of different
cultures. They came up with an easy way to do this, and we
still use it today…what is it?
5. What modern world religions grew from Judaism?
6. Why would historians be more interest in Solomon than
Moses?
7. What was the Israelite capital city? What was located there
that was of prime importance? What would be the purpose
of this “monumental” structure?
8. What does the term “monotheism” mean?
9. What is a covenant?
10. What is a prophet?
11. What were some of the messages of the prophets?
2:4
1. What were the Assyrians good at….what allowed them to build such
a large empire?
2. How did Assyrians keep everyone in the empire “in line”?
3. Who was the ruler that managed to pull all of the Persian tribes
together, and then turn them loose on the rest of the middle East
4. How did Darius manage to rule such large areas of land effectively
5. What is a standing army?
6. What were the causes of the fall of the Persian Kings
7. Why was the Persian Royal Court a dangerous place to be brought
up in?
8. What did Zoroaster teach us about the nature of the world and our
role in that world?
4:1 quiz
1. Why was it easier to move by sea than land if you lived on the
Greek Peninsula?
2. Where was Minoan Civilization centered?
3. How did any civilization make money in the Aegean region?
4. What contribution did the Mycenaeans make to later Greek culture
5. What caused the “dark ages” in Greece between 1100 BCE and 800
BCE
6. What Homer famous for?
7. Why was the Black Sea so important to people of the
Mediterranean?
4:2 quiz
1. What is meant by “polis” in Greek society
2. Why did I feel attachment and loyalty to my polis?
3. What makes a “hoplite” a different kind of soldier than the rest of
the ancient world
4. Why did the Greek cities states begin to set up colonies?
5. Where were many of these colonies?
6. What is meant by the word “tyrant” in Hellenic culture?
7. Why would the people support tyrants?
8. What is meant by the term “democracy” and name a polis that ran
by democracy.
9. What is meant by the term “oligarchy” and name a polis that ran by
oligarchy.
10. In what way was Sparta an unusual polis on the Greek peninsula?
11. Describe the city of Athens as it would have looked in the 7th
century BCE
12. How did Cleisthenes strengthen democracy in Athens
1. What major empire threaten all of the Greek city state beginning in
490 BCE
2. What is the run called a marathon meant to remind us of? Or, what
is the history that surrounds the first Marathon?
3. Why did the Persian empire fall into chaos after being defeated by
the Greeks in 3 wars?
4. What was the Delian League, and how did Sparta respond?
5. What were the Peloponnesian wars all about?
6. Why did these wars take 30 years to fight?
7. Who won the Peloponnesian wars…..no, I mean, really…who
actually won!
8. What is “direct democracy” and why was this the only form of
government the middle class of Athens would agree too?
9. What was the Athenian economy based on?
10. Why did Athens have such a successful navy?
11. What was the job of the average Greek woman?
12. What fancy word that later meant church in Spanish, that the
meetings of all of the voting citizens were called in Athens.
Humanism
 The belief that man’s reason, emotions, joys, sorrows and thoughts
are worthy of respect and protection…these are good things
4:3 quiz
Greek Ideas
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The corollaries of Humanism
1. You, as an individual, have inborn (intrinsic) value ( I have a
unique set of potentials…that can enrich your life and the lives of
others)
 2. You, as an individual, are responsible for your own successes
and failures.
Is an explosion of Art, drama, poetry, science, philosophy , History, and a
whole society of “inquiring minds want to know”
Quiz 4:4
Quiz 5:1
The individual will begin to play a more and more important role in society
So, what do we do to help the individual play that role?
Education becomes very important….we can change the world through our
potentials and that requires knowledge and skill.
 Sophists believe, that if taught the right use of words and
argumentation, you change the minds of people
 Education become more and more important…you would follow a
particular teacher (his disciples) and he is your speaker of truth,
“professor”
Science
1. What did Aeschylus and Sophocles do for a living?
2. What is a tragedy?
3. What were the subjects of “tragedies”?
4. What was comedy aimed at?
5. What did Sophists teach?
6. What is the Socratic Method?
7. What did Plato believe about our world and how we behave?
8. What did Aristotle try to do with knowledge?
9. Who should be writing your history book-Herodotus or Thuycidesand why?
10. What was the goal of Greek sculpture?
1. What was the name of the Indo-European group that settled in
Italy around 1000 BCE and established the village of Rome?
2. What group of people conquered the 12 villages associated with
Rome and set up a “rex” over each?
3. The Roman Republic was established in 509 BCE….what were the
circumstances that led to Rome’s new Republic
4. How was the idea of a “Roman Confederation” different than the
Greek idea of alliances?
5. What were two factors that helped city of Rome come to control all
of Italy?
6. What are the patricians, and what role did they play in Roman
society?
7. Who were the plebeians, and what was their role?
8. What was the job of a consul?
9. What was the senate?
10. What is a tribune?
11. What were the 12 tables?
Roman Society
12. Why were the wars against Carthage so pivotal (changes) Roman
history?
Social classes
 Patricians are the economic and political leaders
 They control large amounts of land…therefore many
people….therefore, much money
 In the beginning, (509 BCE), they were the only ones who could
serve in the Senate
 Well educated and well connected
 Roman of Romans
Plebeians
 Small farmers, worked by their owners
 Citizens, can vote
 Serve in the army 90% of the population
Foreigners
 Even with Roman citizenship, they are not equal to romans
 The senate has a whole set of laws that deal with foreigners (the
law of nations)
 At one point, could not enter the city of Rome
Slaves
 Could be a slave for three reasons, debt, captured in war, or
willingly sold yourself into slaver
 No rights and answered to the paterfamilias
 Could be made free or could purchase freedom
 If made free, the former owner would often give you money to get
started, give you his family name and grant you Roman citizenship
Roman Family and Values
 You are first and foremost a member of your family
 Patrician families will be constantly reminding their kids of
important ancestors….and they will remind each other of this too
 Dignitas=accumulated family honor, better than money
Reputation and honor is expected for dignitas
 You are expected to add to the dignitas by serving and succeeding.
 The head of the house, the King, is the paterfamilias…he has life or
death legal tools in his hands
 Expectation of behavior
 Loyal to this family….you will defend it to the death
 You are obedient
 Religious (weird…the romans believe they have a contract with the
Gods….if we provide the right ceremony and behaviors, the Gods
will support Rome)
 Educated
 Courage, both kinds
 Civic duty
 Self control
Roman Government
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Quiz 5:2
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The Roman Near Death
Experience 107 BCE-14
CE
Final Exam
question
12.
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I.
The Senate is the lawmaking (legislative) body. This group,
appointed for life, makes all the laws and fights all the wars for
Rome
In the beginning, only Patricians serve, but later, Plebians were
included
First, as Tribunes (10 elected representatives), then as actual voting
Senators
The day to day activities of the senate were run by elected consuls
(2) (have to be 42 and can only be elected to this position once
every 10 years)
Tribunes, elected for 1 years terms
4 praetors, elected for one year terms, and they run the city and
provinces
Censor
Dictator….in times of emergency, 1 man is elected for 6 months to
fix the emergency, then steps down from power. During that time,
his word is the law
What were some of the contributions of Gaius Marius?
What would make Sulla the biggest Bad Guy in Roman
history…what did he do that no general before had dared to do?
What region did Caesar conquer that made him famous, rich and
powerful enough to take his army to Rome?
What is meant by “crossing the Rubicon”?
What are the legal powers of the dictator?
Why do you think the Senators murdered JC?
What reforms, changes, or policies did Octavian (Caesar Augustus)
put into effect?
Would you rather have Nero or Hadrian as your emperor? Why?
What is the Pax Romana?
What regions of Europe did Rome add to the empire under the 5
“good” emperors?
How did Rome deal with conquered people and how did this add to
the stability of the Empire?
How did slavery hurt the small farmer and tradesmen?
Rome has expanded to encompass more people than any empire to
date
Most people were not citizens
Plebian class was disappearing
Foreigners hated Roman Rule….publicani
Good Old Boys
C. 120 Gaius and Tiberius Gracchus
C. 107 BCE Gaius Marius….a true Military Man…….one man rule
C. Cornelius Sulla 85-80 BCE…shows the Danger of one man rule
50 years of civil war
99 BCE….Gaius Julius Caesar is born.
Palestine, c. AD 1, or CE I
A. Roman rule
5:4
1. Roman rule #1….pay your d**n taxes Roman rule
#2…..don’t rebel….ever!
2. Romans used something called Client Kings to run the small
parts of the empire: Herod I, II, III
3. Roman governors, important Senators, have an army….Syria
4. Now, Jerusalem is the center of Jewish life (The temple)
…so the Romans make a Roman mayor of Jerusalem to keep
the peace…..and he is supposed to work with Herod, but is
really his boss….Pontius Pilate
B. Jewish leaders
1. We hate Romans….God will kill them all
someday….Abraham, Moses, they promised we would win
one day (Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, the
Selecuid, then finally, Romans have all kicked your butt)
…there is a belief among some that God will deliver us
again…like with Moses…..God will send a savior….like
David…then we will kill Romans with God’s
power….Messiah
2. There is another group of Jewish leader in Jerusalem….and
they have power over all the Jewish people because they
control the Temple…Sadducees control the temple
priesthood
3. The reason things are so bad for the Jewish people is that
we have turned away from God…..When we return to the
law and worship the one God, we will then be
blessed….religious revival group…..Pharisees….they have
studied the law and can answer all your questions about
living righteously….confusion=stress
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1. What did Romans believe was the proper way to worship and relate
to God?
2. What Jewish people think of Roman Rule?
3. For Jesus, how do we show our respect for God?
4. Why did the Romans execute Jesus?
5. What do Christians believe happened on the third day after Jesus
execution?
6. How was Paul different than other followers of Jesus?
7. What is the New Testament a collection of, and why is it important
to know who wrote it and why?
8. Why did the Roman government harass and hurt Christians?
9. Why is Constantine the Great the poster child for Christians in the
4th Century?
10. Define “clergy”
11. Define “laity”
12. Why did people in the late Roman empire come to Christianity?
II.
Link: Into this complex social setting, Jesus is born c. 4 BC or
BCE
1. What did Jesus Do
a.
b.
c.
d.
Jesus is Jewish
Jesus is poor, low class family
We know nothing about Jesus childhood
Jesus public preaching begins when he asks the
reformer, John, to baptize him.
e. Jesus talks to Jewish people in the Synagogue
f. However, when Jesus the scripture, it is not about
following the Law of Moses
g. Jesus is later forced to leave the synagogue, so he
preaches around town.
h. As Jesus preached outside, people leave the
synagogue to come listen to him….more and more
come to listen
i. Jewish leadership now understands that Jesus is
Dangerous
C. What did Jesus Teach……
1. There is more to God than following the written law….the
law is meant to change your behavior
2. You are to love God, and nothing else
3. You are to love your neighbor and serve your
neighbor…..problem Jewish….my neighbors are other
Jewish people…Jesus says we are all neighbors….Jewish
leadership finds these teachings dangerous and slanderous
4. God is going to come an rule the World….the Kingdom of
God is at hand…..Romans don’t like talk like this
III.
Jesus and the Execution c. 26-27 AD or CE…the Jewish
leadership decided Jesus was dangerous and had to be
“silenced”
a. First step, discredit Jesus by showing he does not really
know the law….Pharisees will then win as people see Jesus
as a fraud
b. This doesn’t work…every answer shows an understanding
of the law, and adds to our individual moral
obligations….shoot….and now more people follow him….so
many, even the Romans will begin to notice
c. So, Jesus will have to be forcibly silenced
d. When Jesus comes to Jerusalem to attend the temple and
celebrate the Passover, the Jewish leaders see their
opportunity
e. So, he will have to be arrested when no one is around and
after a positive Id
f. Taken to a Jewish High Court (70 member Sanhedrin) in the
middle
g. The court finds Jesus guilty of “profaning” God….by saying
Jesus is his son….which Jesus never says..Under Jewish law,
this a crime punishable by death…problem no one can
execute except the Romans
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
h. Taken to Pilate, who says he doesn’t jurisdiction, so take
him to Herod
i. Herod humiliates him, but fear of riot stops him from
executing
j. The Jewish lawyers change the charge on the way back to
Pilate….now Jesus is a rebel leader
k. Pilate, under pressure and fear of riot, finds it easier to
execute Jesus than fight the city outside his gate
l. Jesus is executed by crucifixion
Christians belief that Jesus was resurrected on the third day
I think I am Jewish, I think I am Greek and I might be
something even more different
a. Very slowly, the Christian story begins to spread….taken by
the eyewitnesses of the events, by word of mouth
b. Only 120 followers gather after his death and resurrection
c. Pentecost (50 days after Passover) mark the begin of this
new phase of Christianity…the spread ….missionary phase
d. The preaching began in the synagogues….I am still Jewish
e. Synagogue leaders begin to ban, then get Jewish people for
Jesus arrested as “disturbers” of the peace
f. So, Jewish people for Jesus take to the streets, and slowly
communities begin to gather
g. Paul is the apostle who believes that he has a special
mission to take the Gott Spiel to the non-Jewish People
(gentile, Greek)
h. So, here are the two big conflicts in the early church
1. Jewish people v. Jewish people for Jesus…..split
2. Jewish-Christians v. Gentile (Greek) Christians
These conflicts become moot by the beginning of the 3 rd
century….With the beginning of the third century (200’s) the
world changes dramatically for Rome
a. Rome suffers from a series of debilitating civil wars….who is
the emperor this week.
b. Massive foreign invasions overwhelm the western parts
(German)
c. Massive economic recession
d. Rome is going down the toilet! We’re gonna die
e. Millions of lower and middle class types find a message of
hope in the Christian Church…..eternal life, just rule with
the second coming…peace, love and service….the opposite
of Rome as they see it
With Growth of the church, comes real changes in how the
church does things
A. Christians used to meet in small groups, in homes or shops
B. Every city had Christian communities
C. Now, things have to be done differently
a. The overseer, episcope=bishop, of a congregation now
may have hundreds, or thousands of members to worry
about
b. We have to build larger, and more buildings…this will
require finances and workers….the bigger the better,
require much greater resources and organization
c. The Bishops of each city now have many different
churches and ministers and communities to
oversee…their new role is leader of many churches
d. One of the things the Bishops have to make sure of is
that everyone believes the right things…….
VIII.
The Pivot Point
a. By the year 280, there are millions of Christians
b. Rome is in decline, and then Diocletian becomes the
emperor
c. Diocletian intensely persecutes Christians from 284
d. When Diocletian resigns in 304, a free for all begins
between rivals for the throne……..civil war is tearing the
Empire apart
e. Constantine is the new king of the Hill….in 311 the edict of
Milan
f. If you can’t beat them, get them to join you….favors
Christians in all aspects of public life
g. Next, 325, Nicaea
h. 337, Constantine is baptized as a Christian on his
deathbed…and all but 1 emporer to follow were also
Christian
IX.
Final “victory”
a. In 395, a weakened Roman empire, mandates Christianity
as the only allowed religion (state church…..no tolerance
for others)
b. The emperor, Theodosius, becomes a “Christian Hero”, is
called the “Great”
a.
1. Why were there so many emperors during the 3rd century AD and
what does this show us about Roman politics and stability?
2. Name two economic problems facing Rome in the 3rd and 4th
centuries
3. What happened to Roman cities during this time period
4. How did the Germanic people become such a threat to the Empire
5. Name three reforms that Diocletian or Constantine put into effect
to save Rome
6. What happened at the battle of Adrianople?
7. Who were the Huns
8. What ethnic group made up the Roman army after 400 AD?
9. Who were the Vandals, and where did they go?
10. Why is 476 AD the year that is given to the fall of Rome…what
specifically happened that year?
http://www.forensicsonline.net/forum/showthread.php%3F3355Mushroom-Cloud-Press-Hot-New-Interp-Scripts-2005
9:1
AP US history ch. 17
9:2
9:3
1. The Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Franks and Saxons were all examples of
this ethnic group.
2. Name two accomplishments of Clovis
3. What was the “glue”, the bond, that held German society together?
(what were you most loyal too?)
4. What is wergild and how does this law reflect this “glue”?
5. Would you rather be tried by a jury or ordeal…..explain?
6. Why did the Bishop of Rome make a claim that he should be the
head of the Catholic Church?
7. What is a monastery and were monks?
8. What happened at the Battle of Tours in 732?
9. Name two accomplishments of Charlemagne
1. Helen Hunt Jackson
2. Dawes Severalty Act
3. The Great Sioux Reserve and the Black Hills
4. The battle at the little Big Horn
5. Wounded Knee
6. I will Fight no more, forever
7. The goal of the reservation system and eastern compassionate
Liberals
1. Hell’s Angels of the Middle Ages…the Vikings….what about the
Vikings gave them such a military advantage?
2. In what regions did the Vikings permanently settle as they left
Scandinavia?
3. What did a liege lord owe his vassals under the feudal contract?
4. What did a vassal owe his liege lord under the feudal contract?
5. The whole point of the feudal system was to supple the king
with…..________________?
6. What groups of people made up the “important” folks in feudal
society?
7. Chivalry was an attempt to blend two opposite values….what were
these values.
8. What was the value of a “tournament”?
9. What were some of the responsibilities of the noblewomen?
1. What was different about the Oath that William the Conqueror
demand all of his nobles take?
2. What were the high and low class languages of England for the next
200 years?
3. Henry the II increases the centralized power of the king even more.
It had to do with criminal and property cases under the law. What
did Henry do with these cases that increased the Crown’s power
and authority?
4. What was the issue behind “Who will free me of this Priest” and the
murder of Thomas a Becket?
5. What power did the King have that the nobles fought against until
they finally changed the laws in 1215?
6. What happened at the field outside of London, Runnymeade, in
1215?
Crusades
7. What rights did the law protect after 1215 and what happened to
the seemingly unlimited power of the English King?
8. What weird thing did Edward the I do, and why is this an important
step in our own political history. (fr: parler, to speak)
 Jerusalem became a holy place in the minds of European
Christians
 A growing number of Christians believe that a holy journey, or
pilgrimage, to Jerusalem
 Arab Muslims take over the city in 700, but still allow Christian
pilgrimages
 Turkish Muslims take over in 950 and close all Christian
pilgrimages
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Pope sees an opportunity…to I can unify Christian kingdoms
against a common foe….chivalry Oks the killing of Muslims using
“just war theory”
Pope gets unity
Nobles get more feudal holdings (land =power) in the Middle
East (Crusader states)
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Between 1095 and 1295, there are five Crusades
Every time, the Christian knights show up, they land and take the
city, then most go home, and then the Muslims retake the
city…so another Crusade has to be called
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Now, lets talk about who really profited from the Crusades
The merchants and ship owners are the ones who profit
Crusaders go over and pay outrageous prices, and then I fill the
ship up with all sorts of “Arab” items that Europe doesn’t have
And I sell these at 10 times the price I paid for them
Silk, spices (pepper, cinnamon, sugar cane, damask cloth ,
Damascus steel, rare books
Then the Crusaders themselves create a “demand” (a market
where people will pay large amounts of money for certain
goods)
As “demand” increases for these imported items, a new need is
created….an international merchant class….15 silk dresses sold
throughout northern France
Skilled tailors…freed peasants move to the city and learn a skill,
and they are paid
Money=monetary system, set coins, with set values , but we
want the King to issue and back this money
Fabric=create a trade company=good roads+protection+solid
market places to buy from+ships, wagons, donkeys, etc+banking
system to make checks and lend money
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12:1 quiz
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Important definition
A.
You will now create a new class, of powerful people…the
merchant class….their power will be centered in towns and cities
(ideal for trade) and measured in MONEY (not land)
Crusades =growth in demand for international goods=demand
leads to a growth in a monied middle class and towns=leads to
more money=more growth=towns then seek independence from
nobles=king gives it in return for taxes=then kings become more
independent of nobles=towns become more independent of
nobles=nobles lose power
Charter
Why were the cities of Northern Italy, such as Venice and Genoa,
the leaders in the shift to Renaissance thinking?
What is meant by the term, “urban society” and why would urban
societies be the first to shift to a money based economy?
What is meant by the term “secular” and how is this relevant to the
Renaissance?
How did the Renaissance view the value of the individual?
Tell me what you know about Machiavelli?
Tell me what you know about Castiglione
The Discover channel survey of the 100 most influential people of
the last thousand years had Johann Gutenberg as the MOST
influential person. Why…..and what were the changes that came
about because of Gutenberg?
Describe some of the shifts in the class system (society) that
occurred during the Renaissance.
If you have ever seen the Renaissance play, “Romeo and Juliet”, you
know that the most powerful organization you could belong to was
your.._______________________________.
Humanism=the belief that man and his activities have intrinsic
worth (our knowledge, desires and expressions are of value)
1. You, as an individual, have value.
2. You, as an individual, are responsible for your successes and
failures
Fact 1: multiple studies that look at the factors that are key to success in
life have found a surprising fact. Contrary to what we think, individual
intelligence and family background are not nearly as important to life long
success as was presumed. The number one variable is “perseverance”….the
ability to do a job you don’t want to do completely and do it well.
Fact 2: Your generation, labeled the “Y” (2020ers) generation, has been
studied and the evidence indicates that the Y generation sees no purpose in
pursuing anything that is not of personal interest to them as individuals. FYIthis is an age characteristic for 9-11 year olds.
Critical Write: Do you see a disaster for the Y generation? Please predict
the logical consequences for the future of the Y generation and explain how
that prediction relates to Fact 1. Then, suggest possible alternatives. Be
prepared to defend your points verbally.