Chapter 2 flashcards Fold each page in half with the writing on the outside to make a flash card. There are 16 flashcards total. Practice them at least once each day-­‐ more if you can. Practice until you know all the cards by heart. Force A push or pull, some are contact forces
(pushing a cart) and others are non-contact
forces (electric force, magnetic force,
gravity) Newton The unit used to measure force. Named
after Isaac Newton. Net Force The combination of all the forces acting on
an object, the TOTAL force on an object. Balanced Forces (what they are and what
effect they have on an object’s motion) When all the forces on an object cancel
each other out. Balanced forces do NOT
cause a change in motion. Unbalanced Forces (what they are and
what effect they have on an object’s
motion) When the forces on an object are unequal.
Unbalanced forces DO cause a change in
motion. Unbalanced forces cause an object
to accelerate (speed up, slow down, or
change direction) Terminal velocity (what it is and what has
to happen to the forces on an object) The top speed an object reaches when
being pulled downward by gravity. It
occurs when gravity and air resistance
(fluid friction) equal each other. When
terminal velocity is reached, acceleration is
at zero. Inertia The tendency (habit) of matter to resists a
change of motion. It takes an unbalanced
force to cause an object to change its
motion and overcome inertia. Friction (what it is, why it happens) The force that opposes motion, that resists
or opposes motion. It occurs because
surfaces are never completely smooth and
the surfaces “catch” on each other. Ways to increase the amount of friction
between surfaces 1.Increasing the force between objects
increases the amount of friction
2.Increasing the surface area that is
touching increases friction.
3.Changing the surface substance could
increase friction. Rougher, stickier = more
friction.
Four types of Friction Sliding, Rolling, Fluid and Static Two factors that affect Gravity Mass of objects and Distance between objects When the mass of an object increases the gravity… increases When the distance between two objects increases the gravity… decreases Newton’s first law of motion An object in motion will stay in motion and
an object at rest will stay at
rest until acted upon by an unbalanced
force. Newton’s second Law The acceleration of an object depends on
the force applied to the object and the mass
of the object.
More force -= more acceleration
More mass = less acceleration
Newton’s third law of motion For every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction. ***Action/Reaction
forces do NOT act on the same object.
They are not balanced forces, because they
act on separate objects.***