AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview Source References History and Ethnic Groups 1. “Periods of European Emigration,” Encyclopedia http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USA.htm of USA History, 2. “A Brief History of Immigration,” web page of the American Immigration Control, 2000, http://www.immigrationcontrol.com/index.htm 3. “The Colonial Period,” Immigration (USA), One stop Portal for Non Resident Indians, http://www.nrilinks.com/default.asp 4. “Cycles of Nativism in U.S. History,” by James Crawford for the National Immigration Forum, 2000 http://www.immigrationforum.org/Facts/cyclesofnativism.htm 5. The Encyclopaedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com/ 6. “Exploration of North http://www.myhistory.org/ America,” 7. “History of Hispanic American http://www.worldbook.com/index.htm Paul R. Lucas, Immigration,” My World History, Book, 8. “Immigration to America,” by Maura Christopher, the United States Information Agency (1986, revised 1991), http://www.salsem.ac.at/csacl/progs/AS_Modules/immigration.htm 9. “Primer on Emigration, Immigration and Associated Subjects,” Polish Genealogical Society of America, http://www.pgsa.org/primer.htm 10. “This Month in Immigration History,” September 1783, Modified 2001, INS web page http://www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/aboutins/history/sept1783.htm#anchor54 412 11. “The First Americans,” by Sharon Begley and Andrew Murr, 1999, Cabrillo College’s Anthropology Department http://www.cabrillo.cc.ca.us/~crsmith/firstamer.html AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 12. “Steps of Struggle: An Immigrant History Tour of San Francisco,” Northern California Coalition for Immigrant Rights, http://www.nccir.org/immhistory.htm 13. “First Germans at Jamestown,” by Gary C. Grassl, The German Heritage Society of Greater Washington, http://www.germanheritage.com/Publications/Jamestown/first.html 14. “German Americans in the 1990 Census,” U.S. Bureau of the Census: Census Questionnaire Content, 1990 CQC-14US (issued Feb 1995), http://home.att.net/~wee-monster/1990.html 15. “Luxembourg emigration in the 19 th Century,” Institut Grand-Ducal; Section de Linguistique, d´Ethnologie et d´Onomastique, http://www.igdleo.lu/ 16. “The Norwegian Emigration – 175 years,” http://digitalarkivet.uib.no/utstilling/eng/main.htm The Digital Archive, 17. “The Irish Immigration to America,” by Mike Allen, (The New York Times, May 31, 1998), found on the web page of the American Irish Historical Society, http://www.aihs.org/History/history1.htm 18. “European Emigration, Statistics – Total 1820-1920,” Encyclopedia of USA History, http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAimmigration.htm 19. “Asian American http://www.askasia.org/ Experience in the U.S.,” 20. “Asian American History,” by David Johnson, http://www.infoplease.com/spot/immigration1.html 21. “Asian Americans,” Compton’s http://www.comptons.com/encyclopedia/ 22. “Asian Americans then http://www.askasia.org/ and now,” by Asia Society, Learning Network, Encyclopedia the Asia Society, Online, 1996, 23. “Asian Americans, an Interpretive History,” by Sucheng Chan, 1991, Twayne Publishers, Boston, http://web.mit.edu/21h.153j/www/chrono.html 24. “Asian Customs & Values and their Preservation within Communities,” by Peter N. Kiang, 1997, the Asia Society, http://www.askasia.org/ AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 25. “Chinese Immigration,” Compton’s http://www.comptons.com/encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia Online, 26. “Chinese Immigration to the U. S., 1876-1900,” American Memory Timeline, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/features/timeline/riseind/chinimms /chinimms.html 27. “A Chronological History of American Immigration,” Coalition for Asian American Children and Families, http://www.cacf.org/ 28. “A Short Chronology of Japanese American History; adapted from Japanese American History; An A to Z Reference from 1868 to the Present, edited by B. Niiya, 1993, http://janet.org/janet_history/niiya_chron.html 29. “Korean Americans, Filipino Americans,” Compton’s Encyclopedia Online, http://www.comptons.com/encyclopedia/ 30. “Seeking the Golden Door: Chinese Immigration to California,” California History Connection http://www.mcdougallittell.com/spotlite/state/articles/cachi.htm 31. “Immigration and Acculturation,” by J. D. Sarna and J. Golden, Brandeis University, National Humanities Center, http://ipmwww.ncsu.edu:8080/tserve/divam.htm 32. “American Jewish Immigration,” The Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art, http://www.jewishmuseum.net/American.htm 33. Immigration Issues, by Jennifer http://www.immigration.about.com/mbody.htm & Peter Wipf, 34. “Immigration,” The Reader’s Companion to American History, Eric Foner and John A. Garraty, 1991, the History Channel, http://www.historychannel.com/cgibin/frameit.cgi?p=http%3A//www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.pl%3FI D%3D35243 35. “Ethnicity,” James P. Shenton, the History Channel, http://www.historychannel.com/cgibin/frameit.cgi?p=http%3A//www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.pl%3FI D%3D35087 36. “Immigration to the United States,” by P. Martin and E. Midgley, Population Reference Bureau, 2000, http://www.prb.org/pubs/population_bulletin/bu54-2/54_2_intro.htm AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 37. “Introduction,” by Donna Seese, the News & Observer, http://www.newsobserver.com/nie/immigration/page14.html 38. “A Brief History of Chinese Immigration to America,” American Immigration Law Foundation, 2000, http://www.ailf.org/heritage/chinese/essay01.htm 39. “Chinese Immigration to the United States,” American Immigration Law Foundation, 2000, http://www.ailf.org/heritage/chinese/essay01.htm 40. “History of Swedes,” by Ulf Beijbom, American History, http://americanhistory.about.com/homework/americanhistory/gi/dynamic/of fsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanwest.com%2Fswedemigr%2Fpag es%2Femigra.htm 41. “History INS Overview,” by Marian L. Smith, Originally published in A Historical Guide to the U.S. Government, edited by George T. Kurian, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998, last modified 2/16/2001, http://www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/aboutins/history/articles/OVIEW.htm 42. “Introduction,” by Lewis Sitzer, Population Reference Bureau, 2000, http://www.pbs.org/kcet/newamericans/3.0/3.0timeline.html 43. “Immigration Information,” the American Immigration http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/Immigration/ Home Page, 44. “Peaks/Waves of Immigration,” American History, http://americanhistory.about.com/homework/americanhistory/gi/dynamic/of fsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bergen.org%2FAAST%2FProjects%2FImmi gration%2Fwaves_of_immigration.html 45. “The American Experience,” by Wanda A. Velez, Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute, http://www.cis.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1988/2/88.02.06.x.html 46. “Cultural groups of www.immigration.about.com Immigrants” by Jennifer and Peter Wipf, 47. “Emigration from Sweden to America”, The Swedish Emigrant Institute, http://www.svenskaemigrantinstitutet.g.se/sv10-7-4.html 48. “Irish in America and Causes of the Irish emigration,” “Italians in America and Causes of the Italian mass emigration,” “Jewish life in America and Causes of the Jewish emigration,” by Linda Magnusson, Thinkquest Team 26786, http://www.thinkquest.org/ AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 49. “The United States of America and the Netherlands,” by George M. Welling for The American Revolution an HTML Project, 1997, http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/newnetherlands/nl00.htm 50. “A Look at Dutch Catholic Immigration to Wisconsin,” by Bruce Welhouse Van Roy, and “Dutch Emigration bursts to America,” http://www.hollandnet.org/ 51. “Contemporary Mexican and Puerto Rican Anderson, Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute, Immigration,” by Trudy http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1996/4/96.04.01.x.html 52. “Immigration in U.S.-Mexican Relations,” A Report of the U.S.-Mexican Relations Forum, January 1998 - Washington, D.C. http://www.iadialog.org/ 53. Tomás Rivera Policy Institute, http://www.trpi.org/ 54. “History of Hispanic Immigration,” http://www.worldbook.com/fun/cinco/html/immigration.htm#6 55. “The History of Japanese Immigration,” http://brownvboard.org/brwnqurt/03-4/03-4a.htm 56. “Portrait of the USA,” Chapter I – One from Many, Immigration Patterns and Ethnic Composition, U.S. Department of State, published by the U.S. Information Agency, September 1997, http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ch1.htm Legislation and Policy 1. U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1998, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C., 2000, www.ins.usdoj.gov 2. “Immigration and Immigrants Setting the Record Straight,” by Michael Fix Jeffrey S. Passel with María E. Enchautegui and Wendy Zimmermann”, May 1994, http://www.urban.org/pubs/immig/immig.htm#I 3. “A Short History, U.S. Immigration Policy,” prepared in 1996, American Immigration Law Foundation 4. “A Brief History of U.S. Immigration,” AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview http://www.immigrationresources.com/UnitedStates/ushistory.htm 5. “Overview of U.S. Immigration Policy,” July 1998, http://www.closeup.org/immigrat.htm#overview 6. “Mexican Migration and U.S. Policy Options,” by Gordon H. Hanson and Antonio Spilimbergo, January 1998 - Washington, D.C. The U.S.-Mexican Relations Forum, http://www.iadialog.org/immigrat.html#Martin 7. “The evolution of US immigration and refugee policy: public opinion, domestic politics and UNHCR” by Michael J. McBride, May 1999, Political Science Department, Whittier College Whittier, California 90608 USA, http://www.unhcr.ch/refworld/pub/wpapers/wpno3.htm#_Toc454805097 8. “U.S. Immigration Laws”, Slippery Rock University, http://www.sru.edu/depts/artsci/ges/hughes/laws.htm 9. “U.S. Foreign Policy In Focus”, Written by David Stoll, http://www.theodora.com/debate.html 10. “Immigration History And Timeline”, http://www.mycounsel.com/content/immigration/otherinfo/immhistory.html 11. “Migration news”, http://migration.ucdavis.edu Language 1. “English Only,” by American http://www.aclu.org/library/pbp6.html Civil Liberties Union, 2. “The Immigration Debate,” by David Stoll, A Project of the Institute for Policy Studies and the Interhemispheric Resource Center, http://www.immigrationusa.com/debate.html 3. “Should English be the Law?” by Robert D. King, The Atlantic Monthly Company, 1997, Volume 279, No. 4; p.55-64, http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/97apr/english.htm 4. “Myths about Language Diversity and Literacy in the United States,” by Terrence G. Wiley, The National Center for ESL Literacy Education (NCLE) operated by the Center for Applied Linguistics (CAL), May 1997, http://www.cal.org/ncle/DIGESTS/Myths.htm 5. “German or English,” Chapter 7, The German Americans, An Ethnic Experience, http://www-lib.iupui.edu/kade/adams/toc.html AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 6. ”Does America have an Assimilation Problem?” by M. Barone and J. Fonte, The American Enterprise Online, December 2000, http://www.theamericanenterprise.org/taedec00b.htm 7. “Refugees and Migration” Language, by Peter Stalker, http://immigration.about.com/newsissues/immigration/gi/dynamic/offsite.ht m?site=http://www.oneworld.org/guides/migration/stalker%5Flanguage.html 8. “Lingo Jingo,” English Only and the New Nativism by Geoffrey Nunberg, http://usliberals.about.com/newsissues/usliberals/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?sit e=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prospect.org%2Fprint%2FV8%2F33%2Fnunbergg.html 9. James Crawford’s Language Policy Web Site & http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/ Emporium, Economy 1. “Immigrants and the Economy,” the National Immigration Forum, 2000, http://www.immigrationforum.org/Facts/economyfactsheet.htm 2. “Illegal Aliens in Federal, State and Local Criminal Justice System, by Rebecca L. Clark and Scott A. Anderson, June 30, 2000, the Urban Institute, http://www.urban.org/immig/alien_justice_sum.html 3. “The Quantities of Immigration,” by Julian L. Simon, published by the Cato Institute and the National Immigration Forum, December 11, 1995, http://www.cato.org/pubs/policy_report/pr-imsum.html 4. “Immigration: the Demographic and Economic Facts,” by Julian L. Simon, published by the Cato Institute and the National Immigration Forum, December 11, 1995, http://www.cato.org/pubs/policy_report/pr-imnative.html 5. “The Evolving Civil Rights Movement: Old Civil Rights and New Immigration,” by Peter Schuck, January 1994, ftp://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/pub/Immigration/EffOnMinorities/Schuck.html 6. “A Critical Analysis of Arguments Supporting High Levels of Immigration,” by Norman Matloff, University of California, October 17, 1996, Updated March 8, 2000, ftp://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/pub/Immigration/Stanford.html 7. “America is Immigration,” American Immigration Lawyers Association, http://immigration.about.com/newsissues/immigration/gi/dynamic/offsite.ht m?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aila.org%2Faboutimmigration.html AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 8. “The Rights of Immigrants,” American Civil Liberties Union, 1997, (Report by Human Rights Watch, April 1995), www.aclu.org/library/pbp20.html 9. National Center for Policy Analysis, Idea House, http://www.ncpa.org/ CIS (Center for Immigration Studies) 1. “Amnesties Beget More Illegal Immigration,” by Mark Krikorian, the Center for Immigration Studies, http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/comment101600c.shtml 2. ”Cast Down Your Bucket Where You Are,” researched by Robert Malloy, the Center for Immigration Studies, June 1996, http://www.cis.org/articles/1995/CastDown.html 3. “Immigrants in the United States - 2000,” by Steven A. Camarota, the Center for Immigration Studies, January 2001, www.cis.org/articles/2001/back101.html 4. “Ethnicity, Immigration, and the American National Community,” by Tony Smith, the Center for Immigration Studies, February 2001, www.cis.org/articles/2001/back201.html 5. “History,” the Center for Immigration Studies, http://www.cis.org/topics/history.html 6. “The Link: Legal and Illegal Immigration,” by Mark Krikorian, the Center for Immigration Studies, February 16, 1997, http://www.cis.org/articles/1997/msk2-16-97.html 7. “Intermarriage rising, study finds,” by Tony Pugh, the Center for Immigration Studies, March 26, 2001, http://www.freep.com/news/nw/marry26_20010326.htm 8. “New INS Report: 1986 Amnesty Increased Illegal Immigration,” the Center for Immigration Studies, October 2000, www.cis.org/ins1986amnesty.html 9. “Reconsidering Immigration, Is Mexico a Special Case?” by Samuel P. Huntington, the Center for Immigration Studies, November 2000, www.cis.org/articles/2000/back1100.html AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 10. “New Zogby Poll on Amnesty for http://www.cis.org/articles/2001/terrorpoll.html Illegal Immigrants”, 11. “Immigration and Terrorism” by Steven A. Camarota Other 1. “The Special Case of Mexican Immigration,” by Samuel P. Huntington, the Center for Immigration Studies, December 2000, http://www.theamericanenterprise.org/taedec00c.htm 2. “U.S. Diversity in more than Black and White,” by Kelvin Pollard, 1999 United States Population Data Sheet, Population Reference Bureau, http://www.prb.org/pubs/usds99.htm 3. “Finding Unity in Diversity: The Hallmark of American Immigration,” Immigration Facts, National Immigration Forum, http://www.immigrationforum.org/Facts/integration.htm 4. “1995 Executive Summary,” U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform, http://www.utexas.edu/lbj/uscir/respap-t.html 5. “American Immigrants,” Reprinted from Discovering Nations by Gale Research, http://nkasd.wiu.k12.pa.us/vhs/discnationimmig.html 6. “Are Immigrants leaving California?” by Jeffrey S. Passel and Wendy Zimmermann, April 2001, the Urban Institute, http://www.urbaninstitute.org/immig/are_immigrants_leaving_ca.html 7. “Can we still afford to be a nation of immigrants?” by D. M. Kennedy, The Atlantic Monthly Company, 1996, Volume 278, No. 5; p.52-68, http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/96nov/immigrant/kennedy.htm 8. “Projections for Year 2100 by Census Bureau,” The Social Contract (Spring 2000) by Joseph Daleiden 9. “Immigration and U.S. Population Growth: An Environmental Perspective,” by Mark W. Nowak, the Negative Population Growth, www.npg.org 10. “America’s Racial and Ethnic Minorities,” by Kelvin M. Pollard and William P. O’Hare, Population Reference Bureau, 2001, http://www.prb.org/pubs/population_bulletin/bu54-3/54_3_intro.htm AMERICAN IMMIGRATION An Overview 11. “Mexican Leaders Encourage Split Loyalties,” by Georgie A. Geyer, “Mexican Immigrants Can Be Good for America,” by Barbara Curtis, December 2000, The American Enterprise Online, www.theamericanenterprise.org/taedec00c.htm 12. The Washington Post, www.washingtonpost.com 13. The New York Times, www.newyorktimes.com 14. Gallup Poll Analyses, www.gallup.com/ 15. The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, www.peoplepress.org/cen01rpt.htm 16. “Assimilation of Racial Groups”, "From Newcomers to Americans: The Successful Integration of Immigrants into American Society" (National Immigration Forum, 220 I St NE, Washington, DC, 20002) cited in The Economist, 3 July 1999. p. 24 http://www.onenation.org/0898/082598b.html 17. ‘’Assimilation Takes Time’’ By O. Ricardo Pimentel, The Denver Post, April 15, 2001; http://www.ailf.org/press/n041501a.htm