Unit: Immigration & Migration
Objective Sheet
1. Explain why immigrants left their countries to come to the U.S. [Push & Pull]
* The American Dream
* Oklahoma Land Rush
* Homestead Act of 1862
2. Describe the immigration patterns throughout U.S. history.
* Immigration Patterns (1860-1920 & today)
* Old (N) vs. New Wave (S&E)
3. Describe how immigrants came to the U.S.
* Indentured Servants
* Middle Passage
* Steerage
* Angel Island
* Ellis Island
* Government Inspections
* Medical Inspections
4. Describe how immigrants were helped in the U.S.
*
*
*
*
*
*
Assimilation
Culture Shock
Ethnic Communities
Political Machines
Tenements
Working Conditions
*
*
*
*
*
*
Child Labor
Settlement Houses
Americanization Movement
Social Gospel Movement
Melting Pot v. Salad Bowl
Transcontinental Railroad (Irish & Chinese)
5. Discuss restrictions placed on immigrants.
*
*
*
*
*
Chinese Exclusion Act
Gentlemenʼs Agreement
Nativist
KKK
Immigration Restriction League
*
*
*
*
*
Emergency Quota Act of 1921
Immigration Act of 1965
Old Wave (N) vs. New Wave (S.E.)
Race (Discrimination)
6. Define imperialism & trace the U.S. expansion through history.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Manifest Destiny
Imperialism
Monroe Doctrine
13 Original Colonies
Louisiana Territory
Oregon Territory
Florida
Texas
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
American South-West
Gadsden Territory
Alaska
Hawaii
Cuba – Philippines – Puerto Rico
Removal (Trail of Tears)
Extermination (Wounded Knee)
Assimilation (Boarding Schools)
Unit Notes: Immigration & Migration
Objective #1: Explain why immigrants left their countries to come to the U.S.
A. Most Immigrants came to the U.S. for the same reason regardless of time period
1. Why did they come:
PUSH:
Political & Religious Oppression
Population Increase
Flee Wars
Famine
Poverty
PULL:
Farmland
Opportunity
Jobs
Money
Resources
American Dream
Freedom
2. HOMESTEAD ACT OF 1862__________
(Columbian Exchange)
Congress gave 160 acres of free land
to settlers if they cultivated it for 5 years?
Objective #2: List groups who came to the U.S. and where they came from.
A. Colonial – 1840ʼs NORTHWESTERN EUROPE?
B. 1850ʼs-1920ʼs Who / Where
1. NORTHWESTERN EUROPE______
1860-1880? (OLD – LIKED)
2. CENTRAL EUROPE_____________
1880-1900?
3. SOUTHERN & EASTERN EUROPE
1900-1920? (NEW – DISLIKED)
[FACED MORE DISCRIMINATION]
C. AFRICA__&__MEXICO__&__ASIA_____ Present: Who / Where?
Objective #3: Describe how immigrants came to the U.S.
A. Colonial
1. INDENTURED SERVANTS___________
Worked for 4-7 years in exchange
for passage to America?
2. MIDDLE PASSAGE_________________
Voyage to America on a slave ship?
B. 1850ʼs-1920ʼs
1. STEERAGE_______________________
Passage in the ships cargo hold,
below the waterline?
2. ELLIS ISLAND____________________
The immigrant inspection station off of New
York Harbor where Europeans entered?
a. HEALTH PROBLEMS &_____________
Medical examiners looked for?
CONTAGIOUS DISEASE____________
b. LITERACY TESTS - ABILITY TO WORK - $25
Government inspectors required what
3 things for entry into the U.S.?
3. ANGEL ISLAND___________________
The immigration inspection station in San
Francisco where Asians entered the U.S.?
a. HARSHER & MORE RACIST_________
How were the procedures & conditions
different from Ellis Island?
Objective #4 Describe how immigrants were helped in the U.S.
A. 1850ʼs-1920ʼs
1. ASSIMILATION___________________
Process of becoming a part of the a culture?
a. MELTING POT___________________
This assimilation theory holds that immigrants
will give up their culture to take on the culture
of the U.S.?
b. SALAD BOWL___________________
This assimilation theory holds that immigrants
hold onto their culture while taking on the
culture of the U.S.?
c. CULTURE SHOCK________________
Confusion & anxiety resulting from immersion
in a different culture?
2. POLITICAL MACHINE_____________
Immigrants were offered help getting jobs,
housing, and help with citizenship,
in exchange for their vote, by?
a. ETHNIC COMMUNITIES___________
Neighborhoods made up of immigrants from
the same country? (same culture & language)
3. CHEAP LABOR_____________________
unskilled Immigrants were exploited for?
a. DANGEROUS & LOW WAGES______
Owners saved money by making working
conditions?
b. IRISH & CHINESE_______________
These 2 groups of hated immigrants could only
get these dangerous, low paying jobs build
the transcontinental railroad?
c. CHILD LABOR__________________
Many families could not afford to survive
without?
d. OVERCROWDED TENEMENTS_____
Workers could only afford this type of
housing?
4. SETTLEMENT HOUSES____________
Community centers in city slums which
provided assistance & friendship to immigrants
(education - health care - insurance- socials)?
5. AMERICANIZATION MOVEMENT_____
Night school to educate adult immigrants?
6. SOCIAL GOSPEL MOVEMENT_______
They helped the poor (immigrants), like Jesus,
so they could go to heaven?
Objective #5: Discuss restrictions placed on immigrants
A. 1850ʼs-1920ʼs
1. RACE___________________________
One of the main reasons immigrants were
restricted from entering the U.S.?
a. SOUTHERN & EASTERN EUROPEANS
This new wave of immigrants (Late 1800ʼs)
were disliked even by older immigrants?
b. MORE DISCRIMINATION____________
This new wave of immigrants (1890ʼs) faced?
2. NATIVIST________________________
They Show overt favoritism towards
native-born Americans? (suspicion & fear)
a. IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION LEAGUE
Campaigned to keep the “undesirable classes”
(S. & E. Europeans) out of the U.S. using laws
to limit immigration?
b. KKK_____________________________
Discriminated against & launched vicious
attacks on African Americans,
Catholics, Jewish, & immigrants?
3. CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT__________
Legally excluded first ethnic group to U.S.?
4. GENTLEMENʼS AGREEMENT________
Japan agreed to limit itʼs immigration to the
U.S.?
5. EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT OF 1921___
Limited immigration to the U.S. by setting up
a quota system? (sets the maximum number
allowed in) Base on how much we liked the
country
6. IMMIGRATION ACT OF 1965_________
Replaced the Emergency Quota Act of 1921
with a maximum amount per nation or region
at 20,000?
Objective #5: Define imperialism & trace the U.S. expansion through history.
Native Americans
(3 GOVERNMENT POLICES: Removal – Extermination – Assimilation)
A. REMOVAL
1. TRAIL OF TEARS_________________
President Jackson ignored the Supreme Court
& sent the Cherokee Indians to reservations?
B. EXTERMINATION_(KILL)___________
Prevailing attitude towards “INDIANS”?
1. WOUNDED KNEE_________________
Hatred toward Native Americans leads to a
MASSACRE A T?
C. ASSIMILATION__________________
A plan to get Native Americans to give up
their way of life to adopt “white” culture?
1. BOARDING SCHOOLS________
Native American children were sent here to
help assimilate them into “White” culture?
American Imperialism
MANIFEST DEST INY:
Belief that God wanted the U.S. to expand west to the
Pacific ocean? (LEADS TO IM PERIALISM )
Territ ory
Date
Take n
IMPERIALISM: stronger nations extending
control ove r the pe ople, MARK ETS, or the
RAW MATERIALS of a weaker nati ons
13 Original Colonies
1783
American Revo lutiona ry War
Louisiana Territory
1803
Purchased from France ($15 million)
* DOUBLES S IZE of U.S.
Oregon Territory
1818
Treaty with Great Britain
(54-40 or Fight)
Florida
1819
Purchased from Spa in (5 million)
Monroe Doctrine
1923
Protected the W. hemisphere from European
re-colonization (U.S. interference begins?)
Texas
1845
Annexation
American Southwest
1848
Mexican American War
Gadsden Territory
1853
Purchased from Mexico (10 Million)
Alaska
1867
Purchased from Ru ssia ($7.2 Million)
Hawaii
1898
Plantation owners overthrow Queen & asked
to be annexed by the U.S.A.
Cuba, Philippines,
Puerto Rico
1898
Spanish American War