Cell Cycle, Ch 10, Unit
Science Department
Ms. Martinez
1. What are TWO reasons why
cells divide rather than
continually grow indefinitely?
10-2
1. What are TWO reasons why
cells divide rather than
continually grow indefinitely?
From HW:
1. The larger the cell becomes, the more
demands the cell places on it DNA
2. The more trouble the cell as moving
enough nutrients and wastes across the
cell membrane
2. What is DNA “overload?”
10-1
2. What is DNA “overload?”
As
a cell increases in size, it
does not make extra copies
of DNA. If a cell were to
grow without limit, it would
have way too much DNA or
an “information” crisis
3. As the length of a cell
increases, what happens to its
volume?
10-1
3. As the length of a cell increases, what
happens to its volume?
It increases, and the surface area
would get smaller
4. What is cell division?
4. What is cell division?
The process by which a cell
divides into two new, identical
daughter cells
5. What are the 3 components
of the cell cycle?
5. What are the 3 components
of the cell cycle?
1. Interphase
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis
6. ________________________
is the period during the cell cycle
between cell divisions, during
which DNA replication and
protein synthesis take place.
6. ________________________
is the period during the cell cycle
between cell divisions, during
which DNA replication and
protein synthesis take place.
S phase
7. ______________________is
the process by which the nucleus
of a cell is divided into two
nuclei, each with the same
number and kinds of
chromosomes as the parent cell.
7. ____________________ is the
process by which the nucleus of a
cell is divided into two nuclei, each
with the same number and kinds of
chromosomes as the parent cell.
-Cell Division
8. _________is the process by
which the cytoplasm divides
forming two distinct cells.
8. _________is the process by
which the cytoplasm divides
forming two distinct cells.
-Cytokinesis
9. ______- are structures in the
cell that contain genetic
information that is passed from
one generation to the next.
9. ______- are structures in the cell that
contain genetic information that is passed from
one generation to the next.
Chromosomes
10. During the cell cycle, a cell
______________, prepares for
__________, and ____________
to form two ________ cells, each
of which then begins the cycle
again.
10. During the cell cycle, a cell
grows
______________,
prepares for
divides
division
__________,
and ____________
Identical daughter
to form two ________
cells, each
of which then begins the cycle
again.
11. What are the three main
parts of Interphase?
11. What are the three main
parts of Interphase?
G1, S, G2
12. What happens during the
G1 phase?
12. What happens during the
G1 phase?
cells increase in size and
synthesize new proteins and
organelles
13. What happens during the
S phase?
13. What happens during the
S phase?
chromosomes are replicated and
the synthesis of DNA molecules
takes place
14. What happens during the
G2 phase?
14. What happens during the
G2 phase?
many of the organelles and
molecules required for cell division
are produced
15. Biologists divide the events of
mitosis into four phases:
_______________, __________,
_______________, and
_______________.
15. Biologists divide the events of
mitosis into four phases:
Prophase
Metaphase
_______________,
__________,
Anaphase
_______________,
and
Telophase
_______________.
16. _____—the chromatin
condenses into chromosomes,
the centrioles separate (in animal
cells), and the nuclear membrane
breaks down
16. _____—the chromatin
condenses into chromosomes,
the centrioles separate (in animal
cells), and the nuclear membrane
breaks down
Prophase
17. ____—the chromosomes line
up across the midline of the cell
and each chromosome is
attached to a spindle fiber and
centromere.
17. ____—the chromosomes line
up across the midline of the cell
and each chromosome is
attached to a spindle fiber and
centromere.
Metaphase
18. ___—sister chromatids
separate into individual
chromosomes
18. ___—sister chromatids
separate into individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
19. ____—chromosomes move to
opposite sides of the dividing cell,
and two new nuclear envelopes
form.
19. ____—chromosomes move to
opposite sides of the dividing cell,
and two new nuclear envelopes
form.
Telophase
20. What is the name of
structure “A”?
20. What is the name of structure
“ A” ?
Cell Plate
21. What is the structure labeled
A in the figure below is called?
21. What is the structure
labeled A in the figure below
is called?
Centromere
22. What is the structure labeled
B in the figure below is called?
22. What is the structure
labeled B in the figure below
is called?
Sister
Chromatids
23. During
which phase(s) of
mitosis are structures like the
one shown in below visible?
23. During
which phase(s) of
mitosis are structures like the
one shown in below visible?
Prophase
23. According to the figure
below, what is the correct order
of Mitosis?
23. According to the figure below,
what is the correct order of
Mitosis?
C, B, A, D
24. What are centrioles?
24. What are centrioles?
one of two tiny structures located
in the cytoplasm of animal cells
near the nuclear envelope
25. What is cytokinesis?
25. What is cytokinesis?
The cytoplasm
pinches in half and
two identical
daughter cells are
produced.
26. During normal mitotic cell
division, a parent cell having four
chromosomes will produce two
daughter with how many
chromosomes?
26. During normal mitotic cell
division, a parent cell having four
chromosomes will produce two
daughter with how many
chromosomes?
4
27. What is the process called
by which Prokaryotes divide?
27. What is
the process
called by
which
Prokaryotes
divide?
Binary
Fission
28. What is the nucleiod
region of a prokaryote?
28. What is the nucleiod
region of a prokaryote?
The single chromosome
of a prokaryote
29. Binary fission produces 2
identical ___________ cells.
29. Binary fission produces 2
identical ___________ cells.
daughter
30. How fast can Binary
Fission occur?
30. How fast can Binary
Fission occur?
In as little as 20 minutes
31. Cancer is the ____________
growth and division of cells
31. Cancer is the ____________
growth and division of cells
uncontrollable
32. As the tumor grows, it
_____________________
neighboring cells and tissues
32. As the tumor grows, it
destroys
_____________________
neighboring cells and tissues
33. What are two types of
cancer?
33. What
are two types of
cancer?
Benign and Malignant
34. What type of cancer
describes cells that grow in a
ball, do not affect other cells?
34. What type of cancer
describes cells that grow in a
ball, do not affect other cells?
Benign
35. What type of cancer
describes cells where
unorganized growth that can
spread to other parts of the
body or tissues?
35. What type of cancer
describes cells where
unorganized growth that can
spread to other parts of the
body or tissues?
Malignant
36. What is a tumor?
36. What is a tumor?
A group of cancer
cells
37. Which diagram below
shows cancer cells?
37. Which diagram below
shows cancer cells?
A
Study!
Practice Questions
A. Which of the following shows
the correct sequence of the cell
cycle?
a. C, M, G1 , S, G2
b.G1, S, G2 , M, C
c. S, G1, G2, M, C
d.None of the above
A. Which of the following shows
the correct sequence of the cell
cycle?
a. C, M, G1 , S, G2
b.G1, S, G2 , M, C
c. S, G1, G2, M, C
d.None of the above
B. What are the first three
phases of the cell cycle are
collectively known as?
B. What are the first three
phases of the cell cycle are
collectively known as?
Interphase
C. The phase of mitosis that is
characterized by the arrangement
of all chromosomes along the
equator of the cell is called
C. The phase of mitosis that is
characterized by the arrangement
of all chromosomes along the
equator of the cell is called
Metaphase
D. Unlike plant cells, animal
cells contain _____.
D. Unlike plant cells, animal
cells contain _____.
centrioles
E. What is a tumor?
E. What is a tumor?
a mass of cancer cells
F. Many organelles and molecules
needed for cell division are
formed after DNA replication and
before mitosis. In which
phase are they formed?
F. Many organelles and molecules
needed for cell division are
formed after DNA replication and
before mitosis. In which
phase are they formed?
G2
G. Which three phases make
up interphase?
G. Which three phases make
up interphase?
G1, S, G2
H. ________________—sister
chromatids separate into
individual chromosome
H. ________________—sister
chromatids separate into
individual chromosome
Anaphase
I. _______________—the
chromatin condenses into
chromosomes, the centrioles
separate (in animal cells), and
the nuclear membrane breaks
down
I. _______________—the
chromatin condenses into
chromosomes, the centrioles
separate (in animal cells), and
the nuclear membrane breaks
down
Prophase
J. __________—chromosomes
move to opposite sides of the
dividing cell, and two new
nuclear envelopes form.
J. __________—chromosomes
move to opposite sides of the
dividing cell, and two new
nuclear envelopes form.
Telophase