C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is the anatomy of a “long bone”?
What are the functions of the skeletal
system?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are the three components of osseous
tissue?
- diaphysis
- epiphysis
- epiphysial plate
- nutrient foramina
- periosteum
- endosteum
- articular cartilage
- perforating fibers
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are osteogenic cells?
How do osteocytes get nutrients and excrete
waste products?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is an osteoclast?
Where are these cells found?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are the terms used to classify bone
by shape?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is an osteoblast?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Why do engineers classify bone as a composite material?
Where do osteoblast come from?
What do osteoblast produce?
What are the two substances called that
make bone a composite?
What happens to an osteoblast after it becomes “trapped” inside the lacuma?
What characteristics do these different
materials give bone?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Describe the microscopic structure and function
of bone using the following terms:
- concentric lamellae
- central canal (Haversian)
- osteon
- perforating canal
- circumferential lamellae
- endosteum
- periosteum
- perforating fibers (Sharpey)
- perforating canal
- trabeculae
- spicules
- spongy bone
- compact bone
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
How are nutrients and waste products transported between the central canal and osteous
cells located beneath the periosteum?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is the term that describes the soft tissue
that fills the marrow cavity of long bones
and the spaces amid the trabeculae of spongy
bone?
What are the two forms of this tissue and
how does it change as we age? Explain
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is endochondral ossificaion?
What is interstitial growth?
When does this occur?
When does this occur?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is intramembranous ossification?
What is appositional growth?
When does this occur?
When does this occur?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is the epiphyseal plate?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is Wolff’s Law of Bone?
Why is it important?
What happens at the epiphyseal plate in
your late teens or early twenties?
What do we the epiphyseal plate after this
change?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are hydroxyapatite crystals?
Why do they not form in most tissues?
Why do they form in bone?
What do they “seed” onto?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What two substances are secreted by osteoclast to reabsorb bone?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Calcium is an important “reglatory ion” in
many different mechanisms. So calcium homeostasis is critical for life. Hypocalcemia
is more dangerous. Why?
What is an early sign of hypocalcemia?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What role in calcium homeostasis do these
three substances play?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are the three type of cartilage in the
skeleton?
- calcitriol (from the skin)
- calcitonin (from throid gland)
- parathyroid hormone (from parathyroid
gland)
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are the stages of bone fracture repair?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is osteoporosis?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What membrane lines the medullary cavity
and spongy bone?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are the five cell types found in
bone? Functions
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is an osteon?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What are hydroxyapatites crystals?
Where do they form?
How much of the bone mass do they form?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is the tissue type of a fetus at one
month?
When does the skeletal system start to ossify?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What term describes the postnatal increase
in length of long bones?
What term describes the postnatal increase
in long bone thickness?
What is the difference between the epiphyseal plate and the epiphyseal line?
When does this type of growth stop?
When does this type of growth stop?
When does this change take place?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Where does bone remodeling occur?
What are the two primary hormones that
regulate blood calcium levels?
What two factors control bone remodeling?
What is the mechanism?
Which osteocytes are regulated by these
hormones?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is more dangerous, hypocalcemia or
hypercalcemia?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
How does estrogen affect bone?
What condition may it cause?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Following a bone fracture, what two
things must be done before the bone starts
to repair itself?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is osteoporosis?
Who is at greatest risk?
How may your lifestyle protect you from
this condition?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is Wolf’s Law?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
Describe the four steps of bone repair:
How long does this process take?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
When remodeling bone, what is the role
of hormones and mechanical stress?
Explain bone remodeling in terms of:
- if and when
- where
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What bone condition may occur in the absence of calcium?
What is this condition called in adults?
What is this condition called in children?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is interstitial lamellae?
Where do we find it? Why?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
What is circumferential lamellae?
Where do we find it? Why?
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards
C6: Bone Tissue Flash Cards