Unit 2 - Quiz 2
2-D Models
1. If an observer on Earth views Polaris on the horizon, the 4. Base your answer to the following question on The
observer is located at the
diagram below shows an observer on Earth viewing the
star Polaris.
A) equator (0°)
B) North Pole (90° N)
C) Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N)
D) Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S)
2. At which location would an observer measure the highest
altitude of Polaris?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Santiago, Chile (in South America)
Orlando, Florida
Camden, Maine
Quito, Equador (on the equator)
3. Base your answer to the following question on The
diagram below shows latitude measurements every 10
degrees and longitude measurements every 15 degrees.
What is the observer's latitude?
A) 52° N B) 38° N C) 52° S D) 38° S
5. The lines on which set of views best represent Earth’s
latitude system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
6. Base your answer to the following question on the map
below, which shows the latitude and longitude of five
observers, A, B, C, D, and E, on Earth.
What is the latitude and longitude of point X?
A) 50° N 45° W
C) 40° S 45° E
Version 1
B) 60° S 30° W
D) 75° N 30° E
Which two observers would be experiencing the same
apparent solar time (ie. in the same time zone)?
A) A and C
C) B and E
B) B and C
D) D and E
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
7. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents the position of the Sun
with respect to Earth’s surface at solar noon on certain dates. The latitudes of six locations on the same line
of longitude are shown. The observer is located at 42° N in New York State. The date for the Sun at position
A has been deliberately left blank.
When the Sun is at position A, which latitude receives the most direct rays of the Sun?
A) Equator (0°)
C) Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S)
B) Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N)
D) Antarctic Circle (66.5° S)
8. At which latitude is the Sun directly overhead on certain
days of the year?
A) 66.5 N
C) 42 N
B) 23.5 N
D) 90 N
9. In the diagram below, the direct rays of the Sun are
striking the Earth's surface at 23.5 N. What is the date
shown in the diagram?
10. If the Earth were to experience a greater tilt of 29 ,
instead of the current 23.5 , what would be the latitude
lines for the tropical region?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
29 N - 29 S
0
61 N - 90 N and 61 S - 90 S
29 N - 61 N and 29 S - 61 S
23.5 N - 23.5 S
11. When the sun is shining directly on 10 north latitude,
what is the latitude where complete darkness (for 24
hours) would begin.
A) 10 N B) 90 S C) 80 N D) 90 N E) 80 S
A) March 21
C) September 23
Version 1
B) December 21
D) June 21
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 12 and 13 on the
diagram below, which represents Earth revolving
around the Sun. Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's
location in its orbit on the first day of the four seasons.
NP represents the North Pole.
13. If the tilt of Earth's axis were decreased from 23.5° to
15°, Maine's winters would become
A)
B)
C)
D)
cooler, and summers would become cooler
warmer, and summers would become cooler
warmer, and summers would become warmer
cooler, and summers would become warmer
14. Which two factors cause the perpendicular rays of the
Sun to move between 23.5º N and 23.5º S?
A)
B)
C)
D)
tilt of Earth's axis and Earth's revolution
eccentricity of Earth's orbit and Earth's revolution
tilt of Earth's axis and Earth's rotation
eccentricity of Earth's orbit and Earth's rotation
15. Which motion causes the constellation Orion to be
visible at midnight from Maine in winter but not in
summer?
12. Which diagram best represents the Sun's apparent path
as seen by an observer at 43.5° N latitude on December
21?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Version 1
A)
B)
C)
D)
rotation of Earth
revolution of Earth
revolution of Orion
rotation of Orion
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the graph below, which shows the duration of daylight hours
throughout the year for five cities located in the Northern Hemisphere.
16. Which city experiences the greatest variation in daylight hours during one year?
A) Mexico City
B) New Orleans
C) Edmonton
D) Caracas
17. What is the primary reason each city's duration of daylight hours changes throughout the year?
A) The cities are located at different longitudes.
B) The cities are located at different elevations.
C) Earth's axis is tilted 23.5° to the plane of its orbit causing changes in the orientation of the
Earth to the sun.
D) Earth's rotation rate is 15° per day causing different intensities of sun's energy.
Version 1
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 18 and 19 on the world map below. The shaded portion of the map
indicates areas of night, and the unshaded portion indicates areas of daylight on a certain day of the year.
Dashed latitude lines represent the Arctic Circle (66.5° N) and the Antarctic Circle (66.5° S). Point A is a
location on Earth’s surface.
18. Approximately how many hours of daylight would occur at position A on this day?
A) 12
B) 15
C) 9
D) 6
19. How much sunlight would be observed at 80 0 north latitude?
A) 24 hours
B) 12 hours
C) 0 hours
20. Base your answer to the following question on The
diagram below shows the noontime shadows cast by a
student and a tree.
If the time is solar noon and the student is located in
Maine, in what direction is the student facing?
A) north B) south C) west
Version 1
D) east
D) 18 hours
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
21. A student accurately measured the altitude of the noontime Sun from the same Maine location on four days
during the school year. Which sequence best shows these measurements?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Version 1
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
22. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below, which represents latitude and longitude
lines on Earth. Points A through E represent locations
on Earth. Arrows represent direction of rotation.
24. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below. The diagram represents the Earth at a
position in orbit around the Sun, the Sun's rays at solar
noon, and the direction to Polaris. Letters A through D
represent positions on the Earth's surface.
Which location has the longest duration of sunlight
(insolation) on December 21?
During one complete rotation of the Earth on its axis,
which position receives the least number of hours of
daylight?
A) B
A) A
B) E
C) A
D) C
23. To an observer located at the Equator, on which date
would the Sun appear to be directly overhead at noon?
A) February 1
C) December 21
Version 1
B) March 21
D) June 6
B) B
C) C
D) D
25. During which season in the Northern Hemisphere is the
Earth closest to the Sun?
A) fall
C) summer
B) winter
D) spring
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
26. Base your answer to the following question on the calendar below, which shows the month of July of a
recent year. The dates of major Moon phases, as seen in Maine, are shown.
The diagram below represents the phase of the Moon observed from Maine one night during the month of
July.
Eclipses do not occur every month because the Moon's
A)
B)
C)
D)
orbit is inclined to Earth's orbit
period of revolution is 27.3 days
period of rotation and period of revolution are the same
rate of rotation is 15° each hour
Version 1
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 27 and 28 on the calendar below, which shows the month of July of a
recent year. The dates of major Moon phases, as seen in New York State, are shown.
The diagram below represents the phase of the Moon observed from New York State one night during the
month of July.
27. On which date will the next first-quarter Moon phase occur?
A) August 6
B) August 10
C) August 16
D) August 22
28. On which date was this phase of the Moon visible from Maine?
A) July 11
Version 1
B) July 4
C) July 26
D) July 19
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
29. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows Earth and the Moon in relation to the Sun. Positions A, B, C, and D show
the Moon at specific locations in its orbit. Point X is a location on Earth's surface.
A solar eclipse might occur when the Moon is at location
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
30. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below shows the Moon as it revolves around
Earth. The numbered locations represent different positions of the Moon in its orbit.
Which Moon phase would be seen by an observer in Maine when the Moon is at position 2?
A)
Version 1
B)
C)
D)
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 31 and 32 on the diagram below, which represents a model of the
Earth-Moon system as viewed from above the North Pole. The numbers 1 through 8 represent positions of
the Moon as it revolves around Earth. The parts of the diagram lettered A through D show how the Moon's
phases appear to an observer in New Jersey.
31. Which Moon phase appears highest in the sky at midnight to an observer on Earth?
A) first quarter
B) last quarter
C) full moon
32. At what time would the moon rise during the last quarter?
A) 6 am
B) Midnight
C) Noon
33. The diagram below shows the relative positions of the
Earth, Moon, and Sun for a 1-month period.
Which diagram best represents the appearance of the
Moon at position P when viewed from the Earth?
A)
Version 1
B)
C)
D)
D) new moon
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
34. Which photograph of star trails was taken by an
observer facing directly north in Maine?
A)
35. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which shows twelve constellations that
are visible in the night sky to an observer in Maine,
over the course of a year. Different positions of Earth
are represented by letters A through D. The arrows
represent the direction of Earth's motion around the
Sun.
B)
C)
Which constellations are both visible at midnight to an
observer in Maine when Earth is located at position A?
D)
Version 1
A)
B)
C)
D)
Leo and Virgo
Sagittarius and Scorpio
Aries and Taurus
Pisces and Libra
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
36. Base your answer to the following question on Letters A, B, C, D, and X on the map below represent
locations on Earth. The map shows the latitude-longitude grid.
Solar time is based on the position of the Sun. If the solar time is 1 p.m. at location X, at which location is
the solar time 5 p.m.?
A) D
B) C
C) B
37. The apparent rising and setting of the Sun, as viewed
from Earth, is caused by
A) the Sun’s revolution B) the Sun’s rotation
C) Earth’s revolution D) Earth’s rotation
Version 1
D) A
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
Base your answers to questions 38 and 39 on The diagram below shows the positions of the Moon and the
Sun at sunset during an evening in Midcoast Maine. Points A, B, C, and D represent positions along the
western horizon.
38. At sunset on the following evening, the Moon will be located at position
A) D
B) A
C) B
D) C
39. The phase of the moon being observed is a
A) waning cresent
B) waxing cresent C) waxing gibbous D) waning gibbous
40. The figure below shows a "top view" of the Sun, Earth
and six different positions (A-F) of the Moon during
one orbit of the Earth. Note that the distances from the
Sun to Earth and for the Earth to the Moon are not
drawn to scale.
Rank (from greatest to least) the amount of the moon's
illuminated (lighted) surface that is visible from Earth
at each of the six positions (A-F) shown
41. Shown below are 5 different phases of the Moon (A-E)
as seen by an observer in the Northern Hemisphere.
Beginning with the waxing gibbous phase of the Moon,
rank the moon phases shown below in the order that an
observer would see them over the next four weeks.
A) E, B, D, C, A
C) C, D, B, E, A
A)
B)
C)
D)
Greatest A, F, E, B, C, D Least
Greatest D, C, B, E, F, A Least
Greatest A, B, C, D, E, F Least
Greatest A, F, E, D, C, B Least
Version 1
B) D, B, E, A, C
D) A, C, D, B, E
Unit 2 - Quiz 2
42. In the figure below parallel beams of sunlight
illuminate Earth. Notice that the Earth's rotation axis is
slightly tilted. As the Earth spins, locations A through E
spend part of the 24 hour day in sunlight, and part of
the day in darkness (as indicated by the shaded region).
Rank the time it takes (from longest to shortest) each
location (A – E) to complete one full rotation.
A) C, D, B, E, A
C) C, B, A, D, E
Version 1
B) E, D, A, B, C
D) A, B/D, E/C
Answer Key
Astronomy Models
1.
A
37.
D
2.
C
38.
B
3.
A
39.
B
4.
A
40.
A
5.
B
41.
B
6.
C
42.
C
7.
C
8.
B
9.
D
10.
A
11.
E
12.
C
13.
B
14.
A
15.
B
16.
C
17.
C
18.
A
19.
C
20.
A
21.
D
22.
A
23.
B
24.
D
25.
B
26.
A
27.
A
28.
D
29.
C
30.
A
31.
C
32.
B
33.
D
34.
D
35.
A
36.
C
Version 1