Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Chapter Quiz
1. The first organic molecule to be synthesized from inorganic substances was
_____.(Concept 4.1)
a) urea
b) acetic acid
c) ammonium cyanate
d) insulin
e) DNA
2. Which is an organic molecule? (Concept 4.2)
a) Ne
b) O2
c) CH4
d) NaCl
e) H2O
3. Which element is most particularly associated with organic chemistry? (Concept 4.2)
a) carbon
b) sulfur
c) nitrogen
d) hydrogen
e) oxygen
4. A straight-chain carbon compound constructed from _____ must contain at least one
carbon-carbon double bond. (Concept 4.2 )
a) 6 hydrogen, 2 carbon
b) 6 hydrogen, 3 carbon
c) 6 hydrogen, 2 carbon, 1 oxygen
d) 8 hydrogen, 3 carbon, 3 oxygen
e) 14 hydrogen, 6 carbon
5. The two compounds
are related to each other by being _____.
a) hydrocarbons
b) organic compounds
c) isomers
d) double-bonded compounds
e) all of the above
6. Which of the following functional groups is present in all amino acids? (Concept 4.3)
a) -SH
b) -COH
c) -OH
d) -NH2
e) -OPO3-2
7. Which of these is found in all amino acids? (Concept 4.3
)
a) -COOH
b) -COH
c) -OH
d) -NH2
e) Both -COOH and -NH2
8. Glucose and hexanoic acid each contain six carbon atoms, but they have completely
different properties. Glucose is a nutrient found in food; hexanoic acid is poisonous.
Their differences must be due to different _____. (Concept 4.3 )
a) monomers
b) macromolecules
c) isomers
d) quaternary structures
e) functional groups
9. Which one of the following molecules has a carboxyl functional group? (Concept
4.3 )
a) R-NH2
b) R-COH
c) R-COOH
d) R-OPO3-2
e) R-SH
10. Which of the following examples describes a unique functional property of the
carboxyl group? (Concept 4.3 )
a) Its compounds may be structural isomers with different properties.
b) Two groups can interact to help stabilize protein structure.
c) It is polar as a result of the electronegative oxygen atom drawing electrons toward
itself.
d) The covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar that hydrogen ions
tend to dissociate reversibly.
e) It acts as a base.
11. Which of the following functional groups is associated with a release of energy that
cells can harvest to perform many functions? (Concept 4.3 )
a) amino
b) phosphate
c) sulfhydryl
d) hydroxyl
e) carboxyl
12. Which one of the following groups would not be capable of hydrogen bonding with
an oxygen atom on another functional group? (Concept 4.3 )
a) amino
b) hydroxyl
c) carboxylic acid
d) sulfhydryl
e) none of the above
13. Choose the pair of terms that complete this sentence about functional groups in
organic chemistry: Carboxyl is to ______ as ______ is to base. (Concept 4.3 )
a) acid…carbonyl
b) sulfhydryl…carbonyl
c) acid…amino
d) hydroxyl…amino
e) ketone…phosphate
14. Which of these is a thiol? (Concept 4.3
)
a) R-SH
b) R-COH
c) R-OH
d) R-NH2
e) none of the above
15. Which of these is a thiol? (Concept 4.3
a) -SH
b) -COH
c) -OH
d) -NH2
e) none of the above
)