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Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Mass is the amount of mass an object contains. Mass is
measured using a scale.
Volume is the amount of space matter takes up.
Volume can be measured by multiplying the length,
width, and height of an object, or by using a measuring
cup and seeing how the measurement of water changes
in a cup.
Density is the amount of matter an object has in a
certain space. To find density, divide the mass of an
object by the volume of an object. D=M÷V.
A property is something that describes matter.
Physical properties are things that you can tell about an
object using your senses and without changing the
object. Example: a ball is round.
Chemical properties are things you can tell about an
object by changing it into something new that cannot
be changed back. Example: wood can burn.
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
A solid has definite shape and definite volume.
A liquid has definite volume, but no definite shape.
A gas has no definite volume and no definite shape.
An element is any material made up of a single kind of
matter. Examples of elements are gold, iron, and
oxygen.
An atom is the smallest part of an element that still has
that element’s properties.
A chemical symbol is one or two letter that stand for
the name of an element. Examples: O stands for
oxygen, Fe stands for Iron, H stands for hydrogen, and
Au stands for gold.
A compound is a kind of matter made up of two or
more elements that are joined together and cannot be
separated. Examples: water is made of hydrogen and
oxygen, and salt is made of sodium and chloride.
A molecule is the smallest part of a compound that still
has that compounds properties.
A chemical formula is a group of symbols that shows
the kinds and number of atoms in a single molecule of a
compound. Examples: H2O is water and CO2 is carbon
dioxide.
A physical change is a change in the size, shape, or state
of matter in which nothing new is made. Example:
tearing a sheet of paper.
A mixture is matter made of different substances that
can easily be separated. Example: a salad.
Energy is the ability to cause change.
A solution is a mixture in which particles of different
substances are mixed evenly throughout. Example KoolAid is a solution.
A chemical change is a change that results in one or
more new kinds of matter forming. Example: iron and
oxygen combine to form rust.
Standard units are the things we measure with,
including meters, liters, and grams.
A solvent is the part of the solution that dissolves the
other part. Example: the water in Kool-Aid is a solvent.
A solute is the part of a solution that dissolves.
Example: the powder in Kool-Aid is a solute.