Definitions:
1.
Ecology
2.
Population
3.
Community
4.
Ecosystem
5.
Biome
6.
Biotic
7.
Abiotic
8.
Biodiversity
9.
Biogeochemical cycles
10.
Nitrogen fixation
11.
Carrying capacity
12.
Energy pyramid
13.
Habitat
14.
Niche
15.
Keystone species
16.
Symbiosis (all 3)
17.
Predation
18.
Competition
19.
Succession (1 o and 2 o )
20.
Pioneer species
21.
Climax community
22.
Trophic level
23.
Food web
24.
Producer/autotroph
25.
Consumer /heterotroph
26.
Decomposer
27.
Detritivore
28.
Chemotroph
29.
Particulates
30.
Smog
31.
Greenhouse effect
32.
Habitat fragmentation
33.
Introduced species
34.
Umbrella species
35.
Sustainable development
36.
Ecological footprint
37.
Renewable and nonrenewable resources
38.
Biomagnification
Basic Ecology (13.1, 13.2, part of 14.1, 15.3, part of 16.1)
1.
Know the components and order of the levels within the biosphere.
2.
Differentiate between habitat and niche; be able to give examples of each.
3.
Be able to explain ecosystems and their biotic/abiotic factors.
4.
Understand each of the biomes learned in class, and what two things make up a climate.
5.
Be able to explain how a keystone species may affect an environment.
6.
Know the reasons why populations could increase/decrease.
7.
What do we know about earth’s carrying capacity?
Energy and the Ecosystem (13.3, 13.4, 13.5)
1.
Know the basic components of an ecosystem.
2.
Be able to explain the role of producers, consumers, and decomposers.
3.
Be able to read a food chain diagram and identify the type of consumer and trophic levels if given a picture similar to the one below.
4.
Be able to calculate energy as you move up trophic levels (*remember only 10% moves up each level).
5.
Know the basic stages of the water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles.
Community Interactions (part of 14.1, 14.2)
1.
Be able to explain predation and competition.
2.
Be able to explain the various forms of symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism).
3.
Be able to explain how the competitive exclusion principal plays a role competition.
Succession (14.5)
1.
Be able to explain the process of primary and secondary succession. What are the differences?
Which takes place at a faster rate?
2.
Be able to identify organisms that are characteristic of each stage of succession.
Environmental Issues (16.2- 16.5)
1.
Give examples of renewable and nonrenewable resources. What is the importance of resource management?
2.
Be able to explain the causes, effects, and solutions to:
Air Quality o Air pollution, smog, acid rain, green house effect
Water Quality o Water pollution o Understand biomagnification, the accumulation of toxins, and how they travel up the food chain/trophic levels. Do fat soluble pollutants get stored in an organisms body?
Threats to biodiversity o Non-native species- how do they distrupt the ecosystem? o Assess the consequences of the loss of biodiversity
3.
Explain how an umbrella species can protect an entire ecosystem
4.
Define sustainable development and describe some of its methods.

In:
Explain what adaptations animals in the ecosystem to the right must have in order to survive:
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Abiotic Factors of a Desert:
Plant Adaptations: Animal Adaptations:
Abiotic Factors of a Tundra:
Plant Adaptations: Animal Adaptations:
Abiotic Factors of a Rainforest:
Plant Adaptations: Animal Adaptations:
OUT
: Compare how plant and animal adaptations in a hot/dry environment to a cold environment:

What happens when one organism is taken out of the food chain? How does it affect others?
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Label each trophic level with the correct identifier: decomposer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, producer, herbivore, carnivore, fungi, main energy source, plant, autotroph, heterotroph
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Describe what would be the affect on the rest of the food chain above if a drought occurred and drastically reduced the number of producers.
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Describe what happens to most of the energy an organism consumes:
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Energy Flow:
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Explain in your own words the 10% energy rule in an ecosystem:
Description:
Explain why are there fewer top-level predators in a food chain or food web:

In:
What type of relationship exists between the two animals in the cartoon?
Explain your answer.
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Description: Description:
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Label each with the :
Tickbird live on rhinos & eat ticks.
Ticks get food, rhino free of ticks.
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Mosquito feeds off human. Human is hurt.
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Sea anemone protects the clownfish from predatory fish.
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Description:
Picture:
Interpret the predator/prey relationship in the graph below:

IN Activity: Make a list of limited resources found in an environment.
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Graphs!
Exponential Growth: occurs when individuals in a population reproduce at a
________________ rate. (J – Shaped)
Can populations grow exponentially forever? Yes or No
Logistic Growth: occurs when a population’s growth ___________ or stops following a period of exponential growth (S – Shaped)
Describe the graph. What happens to the deer population over time?
When the _______ number of organisms an ecosystem can sustain, it is called the
______________________.
Carrying Capacity happens because in an ecosystem, there are _______________ factors (habitat, shelter, territory, food, water)
Affected By:
What causes the growth to slow?
 Birth rates _______________
 ______________ rate increases
 Both of these occur at once
 Immigration _____________
 _________________ increases
 Both of these occur at once
What is Density?
 Number of ____________________ per unit ___________
 Varies depending on species and its _____________________
Density Dependent Factors: Density Independent Factors:
OUT Activity: Explain why populations reach a carrying capacity. Why can’t populations keep growing exponentially?
Examples:

In:
Describe an example of how natural or human disturbances can change an ecosystem.
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Use numbers to sequence the pictures of primary succession:
_____Pioneer species populates area.
_____Large plants grow on soil.
_____Volcanic eruption causes no soil to exist.
_____Lichens die to help form soil.
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OUT Question:
Describe how the 2011 Texas drought caused environmental change. Explain how the drought impacted ecosystem stability.

Name: _____________________________________________
(TEKS 12E)
Date: ______________________ Period: _______
DRAW A DIAGRAM of how matter moves through the nitrogen cycle.
(Label & Color the diagram.) Use p.78 for help.
DESCRIBE BELOW the steps in your diagram of how matter moves through the nitrogen cycle .
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Name: _____________________________________________
(TEKS 12E)
Date: ______________________ Period: _______
DRAW DIAGRAMS of how matter moves through ecosystems when the Nitrogen Cycle is disrupted.
(Label & Color diagrams.)
A.
Draw a diagram of the CAUSE of a disruption to the nitrogen cycle. B.
Draw a diagram showing the EFFECT of a disruption to the nitrogen cycle.
EXPLAIN (DIAGRAM B) BELOW the consequences of disrupting the Nitrogen cycle .
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4
1
(TEKS 12E) Name: _____________________________________________ Period: _____
Nitrogen molecules just love to travel and spend time in different places. Create a comic strip/story board about nitroge n’s  adventures  to different places. Your comic strip must be at least 9 comic strip boxes long, but more may be used. You must draw, color, and dialogue how nitrogen cycles through the ecosystem. Use p.78 for help.
2
5
3
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7 8 9

Name: _____________________________________________
(TEKS 12E)
Date: ______________________ Period: _______
DRAW A DIAGRAM of how matter moves through the Carbon Cycle (Label & Color the diagram.) Use textbook p.77 for help.
A.
Draw a diagram of the carbon cycle.
DESCRIBE BELOW your diagram of how matter moves through the carbon cycle .
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Name: _____________________________________________
(TEKS 12E)
Date: ______________________ Period: _______
DRAW DIAGRAMS of how matter moves through ecosystems when the Carbon Cycle is disrupted.
(Label & Color each diagram.)
A.
Draw a diagram of the CAUSE of a disruption to the carbon cycle. B.
Draw a diagram showing the EFFECT of a disruption to the carbon cycle.
DESCRIBE (DIAGRAM B) BELOW the consequences of disrupting the carbon cycle .
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Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ____________________ Period: ________
16.1 Human Population Growth and Natural Resources. Give examples for the following:
1.
Nonrenewable resources are natural resources that are used more quickly than can be formed.
Example: ________________________ and _______________________.
2.
Renewable resources are ones that cannot be used up, or can be replaced as fast as they are used.
Example of resources that cannot be used up: _______________ and ________________ ___________________.
Example of resource that can be re grown as quickly as it is used: ________________________.
3.
Ecological footprint is the amount of land necessary to produce enough food, water, shelter, and energy, and to hold the waste of an individual or population.
What is the average U.S. citizen’s ecological footprint?
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16.2 Air quality. Match the following:
4.
_____ The addition of any undesirable material to the air, water, or soil.
5.
_____ A type of air pollution that forms from the waste products of burned gas, coal, and oil.
6.
_____ Microscopic bits of dust, metal, and unburned fuel.
This is one component of smog.
7.
_____ This is produced when pollutants in the water cycle cause the pH of rain to drop below normal.
8.
_____ Earth’s atmosphere contains gases that help to slow the loss of heat. This is known as…
9.
_____ The trend of increasing global temperatures.
a.
Global warming b.
Greenhouse effect c.
Smog d.
Acid rain e.
Pollution f.
Particulates
16.3
Water Quality. Fill in the blanks.
10. One way scientists determine the ______________ of an ____________________ is by studying particular
_______________________, which are called ____________________ ________________.
11.
Biomagnification is the ___________________ by which _____________________ move up the __________
______________.
16.4 Threats to biodiversity. Define the following:
12.
Habitat fragmentation :
13.
Introduced species :
16.5 Conservation. Define the following:
14.
Sustainable development :
15.
Umbrella species :

Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _____
Place the levels of ecology organization inside the correct circles using the terms from 13.1 in the textbook.
Fill in the bubbles with the proper words from section 13.2 in the textbook.
Ecosystem includes
Such as
Such as
Fill in the chart with a description that describes how water moves through as ecosystem.
Process Description
1. Precipitation
2. Evaporation
3. Transpiration
4. Condensation
In each series, identify which word does not belong and explain why?
A) Detritivore, Producer, or Decomposer? Explain. ______________________________________________
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B) Omnivore, Autotroph, Herbivore? Explain. __________________________________________________
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C) Trophic level, Energy pyramid, Keystone species? Explain. ____________________________________
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Directions : Add at least 12 arrows to the blank food web that shows the direction energy travels in a community of species.
Using the snake as an example, create 2 complete food chains in the spaces below. Label each trophic level.
Food chain 1
Food chain 2
14.2 Vocabulary: Define the words in the boxes
Symbiotic
Mutualism
Example
Commensalism
Example
Parasitism
Example

15. Draw a cartoon for each of the following terms. a. ecological footprint: b. acid rain c. global warming d. introduced species:
Biodiversity and Habitat Fragmentation (16.4)
16.
What is biodiversity? Give at least one reason why biodiversity is important to humans.
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What role does habitat fragmentation play in the loss of biodiversity? What is a solution?
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What are the consequences to a loss of biodiversity?
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Sustainable Development (16.5)
17.
What is sustainable development?
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________ a.
List and Describe at least two sustainable development methods.
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Umbrella Species and Protecting Earth’s Resources (16.5)
18.
How can protecting an umbrella species protect an entire ecosystem?
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How are umbrella species and keystone species similar?
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How do governmental actions help to preserve natural habitats and protect resources?
Who implements laws that in place to protect resources and species?
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