Anthracnose on Dogwoods and Other Trees
Several cultural practices are recommended for control.
Healthy trees can fight off the infection.
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To reduce stress, apply 3-4 inches of mulch around the base of the tree covering the roots.
Keep the mulch 3-4 inches from the tree trunk itself.
Water only during dry periods.
Fertilize only moderately and only if necessary, avoid high nitrogen fertilizers, which
promotes the growth of succulent sprouts that are more susceptible to the disease.
Plant trees in the sun and plant resistant varieties.
Fungicides are only suggested if the disease is persistent after cultural practices have been
used without improvement.
Apply fungicides at label rates and directions, beginning at bud break or first sign of disease in
the spring. Fungicide options include:
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Neem oil (Garden Safe Fungicide): repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals.
Chlorothalonil (Daconil Weather Stik, Daconil Ultrex, Fertilome Landscape & Garden
Fungicide): repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals.
Mancozeb (Dithane DF Rainshield, Mancozeb DG, Dithane T/O Rainshield, Pentathlon LF,
Protect T/O): repeat applications at 7- to 10-day intervals.
• Propiconazole (Banner Maxx, Fertilome Liquid Systemic Fungicide, Fungonil Lawn &
Garden Disease Control): repeat applications at 14- to 28-day intervals. Propiconazole is
the preferred fungicide for dogwoods.
Bagworms on Evergreen Trees
The insect is most easily identified by the bag or case the caterpillar builds around itself on the
plant that it is feeding from. The bag is made from silk that the worm weaves along with bits of the
host plant’s leaves. When fully mature the caterpillars bag may be 1 ½- 2 inches long.
The female will lay 300-1,000 eggs inside the bag. The eggs hatch from late-May to mid June.
The larvae are most susceptible to treatment mid to late June.
Pest
Control
Timing of Treatment
Remarks
Bagworm
Light infestation
August to May
The first two
treatments are
organic and safe
for the
environment.
Remove and burn
bags
Overwintering eggs remain inside the
bags until hatching in late May.
Destroy the bags; eggs will hatch
from bags thrown on the ground.
Bacillus
thuringensis (Bt)
Treat when larvae are young
mid-late June
Lightly misting the foliage is sufficient.
Mist blower treatments are effective.
Pemethrin
Malathion
Apply when bags are less than ½
inch. May in coastal Virginia.
Avoid using in public areas
Control is much less effective if
applied later than mid-June
Pest
Control
Timing of Treatment
Remarks
Oak Borer
Endosulfan
(Thiodan)
Permethrin
Treat trunk to ground in early
June
Heavy infestations in evennumbered years.
Peach Apple/fruit tree
borer and mock orange
Endosulfan
(Thiodan)
Permethrin
Treat trunks and soil around
base in July and repeat in 6
weeks
Round-headed and flatheaded borer
Endosulfan
(Thiodan)
Permethrin
Imidcloprid
Treat bark of trunk and
Imidcloprid as soil drench
branches in early May, June and before infestation in April
early July
Dogwood Borer
Endosulfan
(Thiodan)
Permethrin
Treat bark of trunk and
branches in mid-May and
repeat in 6 weeks
For Pine Bark Beetles Virginia Tech Recommends
Have dead or heavily infested limbs or trees removed in winter when the beetles are dormant. Burn all
refuse. Do not keep wood chips as eggs may remain in the pieces under the bark.
Look in the yellow pages under Tree(s) for arborists that are licensed and certified, and include insect
management or control in their listing.
Pest
Bark
Beetles
(Conifers)
Control
Endosulfan
(Thiodan)
Permethrin
Timing of Treatment
Treat unhealthy, weakened, or damaged
trees in early April, early June, and
August if near infested trees. Also
effective in preventing spread if sprayed
on infested trees or wood before beetles
emerge, or in preventing infestations in
uninfested wood that is cut but cannot be
disposed of immediately.
Remarks
Thoroughly wet all of the bark.
Healthy vigorous trees are not likely
to be attacked and do not require
spraying. Beetles will not reinfest or
attack wood or trees dead more
than one year.
Sanitation
Throughout the year, particularly during
the growing season, when trees begin
dying or wood is cut. Prune out large,
dying, or recently dead branches.
Dispose of susceptible wood, slash,
and bark from stumps by burning.
Beetles will not reinfest or attack
wood or trees dead longer than one
year.
F a b r a e a m a c ul a t e o r F a br a e a L e af i s ca u s e d b y a f u ng u s .
F o l l ow l a b e l D i r e c t i o n s
Table 3.1 - Recommended Protectant Pesticides
Pesticide
Amount of pesticide to use in different amounts of water
1
5 gallons
gallon
Special Purpose Pesticides (SPP)
Captan 50%
Wettable Powder
Malathion 50%
Emulsifiable
Concentrate
Ferbam 76%
Wettable Powder3
Immunox 1.55%4
(rates for apples
and stone fruits)
M-Pede 49%
Liquid5
Sevin 80S6
Sulfur 95%
Wettable Powder7
3336 50% WP8
10 gallons
25 gallons
50 gallons
2.0 tbsp2
1.6 oz
3.2 oz
0.5 lb
1.0 lb
2.0 tsp
1.6 fl oz
3.2 fl oz
8.0 fl oz
1.0 pt
1.5 tbsp
1.2 oz
2.4 oz
6.0 oz
12.0 oz
1.0 tbsp
2.5 fl oz
5.0 fl oz
12.5 fl oz
25.0 fl oz
2.5 fl oz
13 fl oz
26 fl oz
0.5 gal
1.0 gal
1.0 tbsp
1.0 tbsp
1.0 oz
5.0 tbsp
2.0 oz
1.6 oz
5.0 oz
4.0 oz
10.0 oz
8.0 oz
2.5-3.5 tsp
4.0-6.0 tbsp
1.2-1.6 oz
3.0-4.0 oz
6.0-8.0 oz
Do not exceed the label rate for any material on any crop.
2A teaspoonful (tsp) or a tablespoonful (tbsp) in this publication refers to a level standard measuring teaspoon or table
spoon.
3 Ferbam provides good control of black rot of grapes. It should be added to the general purpose mixture for cedar and
quince rust control of apple (early pink to June 10), ferbam should be used on peaches and nectarines during the dormant
stage (November or early March) for peach leaf curl control.
4 Immunox may be used to supplement Captan in the GPM for rust and mildew management on apples, peaches, nectarines, cherries, apricots, plums, prunes, and grapes. See following Spray Materials section for disease control spectrum and
usage restrictions for each crop.
5 If mites become a problem on apple, peach, or grape, use two sprays of M-Pede at 7-day intervals.
6 Sevin can be used beginning in early June if Japanese beetles become a problem (minor foliar feeding is acceptable). Do
not use before this period since it will thin some varieties of apples.
7 Sulfur can be added to the GPM for powdery mildew control on apple. It is sold in concentrations of 52-95%.
8 Systemic Fungicide 3336 WP 50% wettable powder is available as Dragon Systemic Fungicide 3336 WP and Cleary’s
3336 WP for use on backyard (non-commercial) fruit trees such as apple, apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, plum, and
prune trees. This fungicide replaces Benlate, which is no longer registered for use. Do not apply 3336 WP within 24 hours
of harvest.
1
Trees Moderately Difficult to Transplant Bare Root*
(*With the remaining species,we have had limited success even with good after care.
Transplanting in fall increases success.)
Scientific Name
Common Name
Alnus glutinosa
European Alder
Amelanchier spp.
Serviceberry
Betula spp.
Birch
Celtis occidentalis
Hackberry
Cercis canadensis
Redbud
Corylus colurna
Turkish Filbert
Crataegus crus-galli inermis
Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn
Crataegus viridis
‘Winter King’ Winter King Hawthorn
Eucommia ulmoides
Hardy Rubber Tree
Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis
Higan Cherry
Quercus robur
English Oak
Tilia tomentosa
Silver Linden
Zelkova serrata J
apanese Zelkova
Trees Difficult to Transplant Bare Root *
(*With the remaining species,we have had limited success even with good after care.
Transplanting in fall increases success.)
Scientific Name
Common Name
Carpinus spp.
Hornbeam
Crataegus phaenopyrum
Washington Hawthorn
Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Tree
Nyssa sylvatica
Tupelo
Ostrya virginiana
American Hophornbeam
Quercus alba
White Oak
Quercus coccinea
Scarlet Oak
Quercus imbricaria
Shingle Oak
Quercus macrocarpa
Bur Oak
Quercus muehlenbergii
Chinkapin Oak
Quercus prinus
Chestnut Oak
Taxodium distichum
Baldcypress
Ulmus ‘Frontier’
Frontier Elm
Ulmus parvifolia
Lacebark Elm
Source Cornell University, http://www.hort.cornell.edu/UHI/outreach/pdfs/bareroot.pdf
Trees Easy to Plant Bare Root
Scientific Name
Acer campestre
Acer x freemanii
Acer miyabei
Acer platanoides
Acer pseudoplatanus
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharum
Acer truncatum
Catalpa speciosa
Cercidiphyllum japonicum
Cladrastis kentukea
Cornus mas Cornelian
Cornus foemina
Fraxinus spp.
Gleditsia triacanthos
Gymnocladus dioicus
Koelreuteria paniculata
Maackia amurensis
Malus spp. ple Parrotia persica
Platanus x acerifolia
Prunus ‘Accolade’
Prunus sargentii
Prunus serrulata
Prunus virginiana
Pyrus calleryana
Pyrus ussuriensis
Quercus bicolor
Quercus palustris
Quercus rubra
Robinia pseudoacacia cultivars:
Globosum’, ‘Bessoniana’,
Sorbus alnifolia
Sorbus intermedia / aria
Syringa reticulata
Tilia americana
Tilia cordata
Tilia euchlora
Ulmus americana
Common Name
Hedge Maple
Freeman Maple
Trident Maple
Norway Maple
Sycamore Maple
Red Maple
Sugar Maple
Shantung Maple
Northern Catalpa
Katsura Tree
Yellowwood
Cherry Dogwood
Gray Dogwood
Ash
Honeylocust
Kentucky Coffee Tree
Goldenrain Tree
Amur Maackia
Persian Parrotia
London Plane Tree
Accolade Flowering Cherry
Sargent Cherry
Japanese Flowering Cherry
‘Canada Red’ Chokecherry
Callery Pear
Ussurian Pear
Swamp White Oak
Pin Oak
Northern Red Oak
Black Locust ‘Purple Robe’, ‘Pyramidalis’,
‘Twisty Baby’
Korean Mountain Ash
Whitebeam Mountain Ash
Japanese Tree Lilac
Basswood
Littleleaf Linden
Crimean Linden
and elm American Elm hybrids
hybrids except ‘Frontier’
Source Cornell University, http://www.hort.cornell.edu/UHI/outreach/pdfs/bareroot.pdf