NEUROGLIA (Glial cells)
Astrocytes
Supporting cells of the CNS and PNS
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal
Cells
Schwann
Cells
Satellite
Cells
Division
CNSCNSCNSCNSPNSPNS
Location
Grey Matter
Grey Matter
White Matter/TractsCavities
Axons
Ganglion
Histology
Astrocytes
•Anchors neurons to capillaries in the grey matter of the CNS
•Reclaims K+ for use in the sodium potassium pump
•Metabolizes glucose for metabolic function and ATP production
•Reclaims Ach
Microglia
•Resident CNS Macrophage that migrates toward injured neurons
•Phagocytize necrotic tissue, microorganisms and foreign substances
Oligodendrocytes
•Neural insulating cell in the white matter of the CNS
•One cell can extend its phospholipid bilayer to cover 15-60 tracts
•Forms the myelin sheath
Ependymal Cells
•Ciliated cuboidal cells, lining the spinal cord and brain
•Circulates the cerebrospinal fluid at their apical surface
Schwann Cells
•Wraps around the axons in the PNS forming the myelin sheath
•Insulates motor neurons for conduction speed and distance
•Spaces in between cells form the Nodes or Ranvier
Satellite Cells
•Surrounds the cell bodies (ganglion) of the PNS
•Maintains the integrity of the chemical environment
•Equivalent in function to Astrocytes of the CNS