Science of Bone Marrow
TATIANA
ECHEVERRI
DARYA
KASHTANOVA
STEVEN
LUKPAT
EMILIO
MILLAN
OLGA
YERMALOVICH
What is Bone Marrow?
 Bone marrow is the tissue comprising the center of large bones.
 It is the place where new blood cells are produced.
 Bone marrow contains two types of stem cells: hemopoietic (which can produce
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blood cells) and stromal (which can produce fat, cartilage and bone).
There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue)
and yellow marrow.
Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some
white blood cells develop in yellow marrow.
The color of yellow marrow is due to the much higher number of fat cells.
Both types of bone marrow contain numerous blood vessels and capillaries. At
birth, all bone marrow is red.
With age, more and more of it is converted to the yellow type.
Adults have on average about 2.6kg (5.7lbs) of bone marrow, with about half of it
being red.
Red marrow is found mainly in the flat bones such as hip bone, breast bone,
skull, ribs, vertebrae and shoulder blades, and in the cancellous ("spongy")
material at the proximal ends of the long bones femur and humerus.
Pink Marrow is found in the hollow interior of the middle portion of long bones.
There are several serious diseases involving bone marrow.
In cases of severe blood loss, the body can convert yellow marrow back to red
marrow in order to increase blood cell production
What uses does bone marrow have?
 To obtain stem cells for the repair of organs or
tissues
 Helps in the treatment of leukemia
 Helps with auto immune disease and cardiovascular
disease
What makes bone marrow dysfunctional?
 Bone marrow transplants can be dysfunctional
because an organ or tissue is not accepted by the
body of the transplant recipient.
 The body does not receive it because the immune
system is designed to detect foreign material and
attempt to destroy it as it does with bacteria and
viruses.
 Three types of rejection are: Hyperacute rejection,
Acute rejection and Chronic rejection.
Why are bone marrow transplants necessary?
Reason for BMT
To replace non-functioning
infected bone marrow with a
healthy bone marrow
Common Diseases:
Leukemia- produces immature blood
cells
Breast Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Aplastic Anemia- produces low blood
cell count
Hodgkin’s Disease – found in lymph
nodes, spleen, liver & bone marrow
Non-Hodgkin’s Disease (mostly infects
children)
Brain Tumors
Immune Deficiency Diseases
What is the difference between yellow and red
bone marrow?
Red bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow
Bone marrow is red at birth
About half of red bone marrow is
converted to yellow as he ages to act as
reserve in case of emergencies
Can be found in flat bones such as the
hip bone, breast bone, skull, ribs, and
shoulder blades
Yellow bone marrow, on the other
hand, can be found in the hollow
interior of long bones such as the legs
and arms
Helps the body in its everyday
functions
Helps the body survive extreme cases
of hunger and blood loss.
Produces all the red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets that the body
is using
Produces fat cells
References
 http://www.helium.com/items/1961158-differences-between
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red-and-yellow-bone-marrow
http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/b/bone_marrow.htm
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/medicine/bonemarrow
/bmtinfo.html
http://www.rush.edu/rumc/page-1124119150196.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/07/us/doctors-use-bonemarrow-stem-cells-to-repair-a-heart.html
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/stemcells/sctoda
y/
http://memoryzine.com/2011/03/13/plasticity-treatmentfor-brain-injury-uses-bone-marrow-stem-cells/
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transplant_rejection