ADVANCED PLACEMENT
UNITED STATES HISTORY
CHRISTIAN A. PASCARELLA
SPANISH RIVER COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL
BOCA RATON, FLORIDA
OVERVIEW
TEXTBOOKS
Kennedy, Cohen, & Bailey. The American Pageant, 12th edition
Kennedy & Bailey. The American Spirit, Volumes I & II, 10th edition.
The American Pageant is somewhat unique among college level textbooks in that its chapters
are generally short. For instance, the first unit outlined below is six chapters totaling 120 pages
covering prehistory to the French and Indian War. For comparison, the first six chapters in
Liberty, Equality, Power runs 253 pages and covers prehistory to the ratification of the
Constitution. The essence of history is “change over time”. Students must study several
chapters together as a unit to see that change take place and be tested on the broad themes of
the period. Students must also be expected to understand and identify the relationships
between political, economic, and social history which will often be addressed in separate
chapters. Blocking different chapters together allows them to identify these trends and
relationships.
The American Spirit is a documentary reader that is coordinated with The American Pageant’s
chapters. Documentary practice is essential, and while it is not necessary to have students read
every document in The American Spirit, students will be better prepared for the exam if they
have had extensive practice with document analysis and interpretation.
The pacing for an AP class is intense. The most recent revisions to the Advanced Placement
United States History Course Description have extended the timeline covered by the exam. One
free-response question on the 2005 exam, for instance, asked students to address events up to
the year 2000. Multiple choice questions now extend into the Clinton administration. In order
to adequately cover history to the year 2000, your course must get through AT LEAST
Reconstruction by the end of the first semester. Ideally, the Gilded Age through the 1896
presidential election should also be complete before the end of the first semester. The suggested
unit pacing which follows is set up to cover through 1896 during the first semester using a
slightly quicker pace, and from 1896 to 2000 second semester with a slightly slower pace. This
approach also leaves a few days for in-class review before the AP exam weeks begin.
We each have different bell schedules and different disruptions to deal with. We each have
different passions in history. This pacing is simply a suggestion. You will, of course, have to
make it fit the needs and interests of yourself and your students.
The materials contained in this curriculum outline are gathered from a variety of sources. I do
not claim that these materials are all original. In fact, I owe much of my success to the ideas,
suggestions, and curricula of dozens of accomplished AP teachers across the county and across
the country. In many cases I have adapted their ideas, lessons, worksheets, and forms for my
own use and to account for changes in the test as time has passed and have included them in this
curriculum outline.
UNITS
FALL SEMESTER
Unit 1 - Colonial Era (prehistory to 1775)
Chapter 1 - New World Beginnings, 33,000 BC to AD 1769
Chapter 2 - The Planting of English America, 1500 to 1733
Chapter 3 - Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619 to 1700
Chapter 4 - American Life in the Seventeenth Century, 1607 to 1692
Chapter 5 - Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700 to 1775
Chapter 6 - The Duel for North America, 1608 to 1763
Unit 2 - Revolutionary Era (1754 to 1790)
Chapter 7 - The Road to Revolution, 1763-1775
Chapter 8 - America Secedes from the Empire, 1775-1783
Chapter 9 - The Confederation & the Constitution, 1776-1790
Unit 3 - The New Nation & The World (1789 to 1824)
Chapter 10 - Launching the New Ship of State, 1789-1800
Chapter 11 - The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic, 1800-1812
Chapter 12 - The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824
Unit 4 - The Jacksonian Era (1824-1860)
Chapter 13 - The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824-1840
Chapter 14 - Forging the National Economy, 1790-1860
Chapter 15 - The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860
Chapter 16 - The South & the Slavery Controversy, 1793-1860
Unit 5 - Sectionalism (1841-1861)
Chapter 17 - Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848
Chapter 18 - Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854
Chapter 19 - Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861
Unit 6 - Civil War & Reconstruction (1861-1877)
Chapter 20 - Girding for War: The North and the South, 1861-1865
Chapter 21 - The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865
Chapter 22 - The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
Unit 7 - The Gilded Age (1869-1896)
Chapter 23 - Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
Chapter 24 - Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900
Chapter 25 - America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
Chapter 26 - The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865-1896
SPRING SEMESTER
Unit 8 - Imperial America & The Progressive Era (1890-1918)
Chapter 27 - The Path of Empire, 1890-1899
Chapter 28 - America on the World Stage, 1899-1909
Chapter 29 - Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
Chapter 30 - Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad, 1912-1916
Chapter 31 - The War to End War, 1917-1918
Unit 9 - Prosperity & Depression, 1919-1939
Chapter 32 - American Life in the “Roaring Twenties,” 1919-1929
Chapter 33 - The Politics of Boom and Bust, 1920-1932
Chapter 34 - The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1933-1939
Unit 10 - World War II (1933-1945)
Chapter 35 - Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War, 1933-1941
Chapter 36 - America in World War II, 1941-1945
Chapter 37 - The Cold War Begins, 1945-1952
Unit 11 - The 50s, 60s, & 70s (1945-1980)
Chapter 38 - The Eisenhower Era, 1952-1960
Chapter 39 - The Stormy Sixties, 1960-1968
Chapter 40 - The Stalemated Seventies, 1968-1980
Unit 12 - New Conservatism
Chapter 41 - The Resurgence of Conservatism, 1980-2000
Chapter 42 - The American People Face a New Century
UNIT GUIDES
UNIT 1: THE COLONIAL ERA
DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT TO THE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR
1492 - 1763
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.1 The student understands the economic, social, and political interactions between Native
American groups and European settlers during the Age of Discovery.
A.4.2 The student understands how religious, social, political, and economic developments shaped the
settlement of the North American Colonies.
UNIT THESES
The Spanish, French, Dutch, and English colonies were dissimilar because each empire had unique
motives and methods for populating its colonies, contrasting relationships with the Indians, and
different systems for governing their empires.
The British New England, Middle Atlantic, and Chesapeake, and Southern colonies developed societies
that were socially, politically, economically, and religiously similar and dissimilar.
Between 1607 and 1763, the British North American colonies developed experience in, and the
expectation of, self-government in the political, religious, economic, and social aspects of life.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
MAJOR TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
Pre-Columbian Societies
Early Inhabitants of the Americas (Chapter 1)
American Indian empires in Mesoamerica, the Southwest, and the Mississippi Valley (1)
American Indian cultures of North America at the time of European contract (1)
Transatlantic Encounters and Colonial Beginnings, 1492-1690
First European contacts with Native Americans (1)
Spain’s empire in North America (1)
English settlement of New England, the Mid-Atlantic region, and the South (2, 3)
Resistance to colonial authority: Bacon’s Rebellion, the Glorious Revolution, and the Pueblo Revolt (1, 3,
4)
Religious diversity in the American colonies (3, 4, 5)
From servitude to slavery in the Chesapeake region (4)
Colonial North America, 1690-1754
Growth of plantation economies and slave societies (4)
Population growth and immigration (5)
Transatlantic trade and the growth of seaports (5)
The eighteenth-century back country (5)
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening (5)
Colonial governments and imperial policy in British North America (5)
The American Revolutionary Era, 1754-1789
French colonization of Canada (6)
The French and Indian War (6)
AP United States History
Unit 1 - Colonial Era, 1492-1763
Christopher Columbus
Columbian exchange
effects of disease on native population
Treaty of Tordesillas 1494
conquistadores
encomienda
mestizos
Irish conquest by England, 1570s
sea dogs, Sir Francis Drake, Sir Walter
Raleigh
Roanoke colony
defeat of Spanish Armada, 1588
status of English society on the eve of
colonization
primogeniture, entail
joint-stock company
motives for English colonization
King James I, Virginia Company of London,
Jamestown colony
problems of Jamestown colony
Captain John Smith, Powhatan, Pocahontas,
John Rolfe
Lord De La Warr, “Irish tactics”
3 d’s: disease, disorganization, disposability
tobacco, effect on Indians
origins of slavery in Virginia
Virginia House of Burgesses, 1619
revocation of charter
Maryland, proprietary colony
Lord Baltimore, Calvert family
feudal manors, failure
Act of Toleration, 1649
English West Indies
sugarcane, plantation agriculture
use of slave labor, slave codes
Charles I, Oliver Cromwell, English Civil War
Charles II, Restoration, proprietors
Carolina colony
origins of Carolina settlers, slavery
Indian slave trade
rice, Charles Town port
North Carolina, squatters, tobacco
Georgia, purpose of colony
James Oglethorpe, debtors
“plantation” colonies, staple cash crops, use of
slavery
patterns of settlement: water access, county
gov’t structure
Martin Luther, Protestant Reformation
John Calvin, predestination, the “elect”
(saints), conversion
Puritans, “visible saints”
Puritan Separatists (Pilgrims)
Mayflower, Myles Standish, William Bradford
Mayflower Compact, significance
Massachusetts Bay Company
“Great Migration” of Puritans
John Winthrop, “city upon a hill”
Congregational church
requirements for voting
charter colony, government: General Court,
Governor
John Cotton
“Protestant work ethic”
Connecticut Blue Laws
Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism
Roger Williams, Rhode Island, Indian relations,
free worship
Connecticut, Thomas Hooker
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
New Haven
New Hampshire
Indian confrontation, “praying towns”
Metacom, King Philip’s War 1675
New England Confederation, 1643
revocation of Mass. charter, 1684
Dominion of New England, 1686
Sir Edmund Andros
Navigation Laws
James II, Glorious Revolution
salutary neglect
New Netherland, Dutch West Indies Company,
patroonships
James, Duke of York
Peter Stuyvesant
Quakers: Society of Friends
beliefs, reasons for persecution
William Penn, origins of settlers
Indian relations in Pennsylvania
New Jersey, Delaware
common features of middle colonies
life expectancy in the Chesapeake
characteristics of immigrants
married life in the Chesapeake
tobacco economy, falling prices
indentured servants, headright system
Nathaniel Bacon’s rebellion, 1676
Gov. William Berkeley
reasons for the decline of indentures, rise of
slavery in VA
slave trade, increasing fear of black slaves by
white society
slave codes and racial distinctions, chattle
slave life, Gullah, Stono rebellion
First Families of Virginia
social stratification of the south: aristocracy,
yeoman farmers, landless whites,
indentures, free-blacks, slaves
life in New England, life span
emigration as families and towns
property rights of women
settlement pattern of New England: towns,
farms
religious reasons for town layout
meetinghouse, town meeting
importance of education to Puritans
jeremiads, declining piety of 2nd generation
Puritans
Half-Way Covenant
Salem Witch Trials, social reasons
decline of farming, growth of commercial
economy
daily life in the colonies, class distinctions
ethnic make-up of the colonies
German, Scots-Irish immigrants
Paxton Boys march, 1764
Regulator movement
colonial social stratification, “Europeaniztion of
America”
social mobility, realities
middle-class professionals
colonial healthcare
lawyers: Adams, Henry, Otis
fishing, shipbuilding industries
triangular trades
colonial manufacturing, timber, naval stores
Molasses Act, 1733
transportation, taverns
established churches, influence on the
revolution
Great Awakening, reasons
Jonathan Edwards, Sinners in the Hands of an
Angry God
George Whitefield, itinerant preachers
Old Lights vs. New Lights, log colleges
Colonial education, colleges
University of Pennsylvania, Franklin
John Peter Zenger trial, 1734, libel
colonial gov’t: legislatures, royal or elected
governors, towns/counties
power of taxation, voter qualifications
colonial folkways: comfort, entertainment,
holidays
New France, Samuel de Champlain
French relations with Indians
reasons for small Canadian population
fur trapping, coureurs de bois
four world wars: William’s War, Anne’s War,
George’s War, French and Indian War,
plus War of Jenkin’s Ear
land speculators and F&I War
Fort Duquesne, George Washington and
Virginia militia, Fort Necessity
Albany Congress, Albany Plan of Union, 1754,
reasons for failure
British regular army and American colonial
militia: relationship
William Pitt
colonial merchant disloyalty
economic costs of the war
social effect on colonists serving in war
Pontiac’s rebellion, 1763
Proclamation line of 1763
long-term effects of war on relations between
colonies and England
UNIT 2: REVOLUTIONARY ERA
FRENCH & INDIAN WAR TO THE WRITING OF THE CONSTITUTION
1763 TO 1789
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.3 The student understands the significant military and political events that took place during the
American Revolution.
A.4.4 The student understands the political events that defined the Constitutional period.
UNIT THESES
The French and Indian War marked a turning point in the relationship between the colonies and the
mother country as the English attempted to assert control over Americans accustomed to autonomy.
Between 1763 and 1776, British attempts to exert control over the colonies led to violent, organized,
successful resistance which evolved from early attempts to assert American rights as Englishmen to a
revolution to assert independence and an end to monarchy.
Washington’s luck and skill combined with British bungling in 1776-1777 prevented a quick British
victory and brought French assistance, which enabled the colonies to outlast the British.
The Articles of Confederation provided a reasonable and workable transition from the unitary system of
British rule to the federal system established under the Constitution.
The War for Independence was less a revolution than accelerated evolution politically, socially, and
economically.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 7, 8, 9
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 7, 8, 9
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The American Revolutionary Era, 1754-1789
The Imperial Crisis and resistance to Britain (7)
The War for Independence (8)
State constitutions and the Articles of Confederation (9)
The federal Constitution (9)
Republican Motherhood and education for women (9)
AP United States History
Unit 2 - Revolutionary Era, 1763-1789
mercantilism, purpose of colonies
Navigation Laws, restrictions on trade
enumerated goods (“listed” goods)
wool and hat manufacture restrictions
(Wool Act, Hat Act)
effect of currency shortage (Currency
Act), use of barter, limits on paper
currency
“hard money” vs. “soft money”
Privy Council, veto power
salutary neglect
benefits of the mercantile system to the
colonies
tobacco monopoly
effect of mercantilism on Virginia and
Massachusetts reasons for revolt
British intentions for American taxes
George Grenville
Sugar Act of 1764, provisions,
purpose, colonial response
Quartering Act of 1765
Stamp Act of 1765, provisions,
reasons, colonial response
vice admiralty courts, “guilty until
proven innocent”, conflict with
rights of Englishmen
“no taxation without representation”
colonial view of the rights and limits of
parliament to legislate and tax
“virtual representation”
Stamp Act Congress of 1765
nonimportation agreements (boycotts)
“spinning bees”, homespun clothing
Sons of Liberty, tarring and feathering
effect of boycotts, influence of British
merchants
repeal of Stamp Act, Declaratory Act
lessons learned by colonists
Charles Townshend, Townshend Acts
of 1767
internal vs. external taxes
intended use of Townshend duty
revenue
nonimportation agreements
Boston Massacre, Revere engraving
as propaganda
King George III, Lord North
repeal of Townshend duties, retention
of tea tax
Samuel Adams, committees of
correspondence
British East India Company, Tea Act,
American reaction to “cheaper” tea,
Boston Tea Party, reaction to tea
party
Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) 1774:
Boston Port Act, Quartering Act,
Massachusetts Government Act,
Administration of Justice Act,
Quebec Act
Continental Congress 1774
Continental Association, boycott
Minute Men, Lexington, Concord, John
Hancock, Samuel Adams
“shot heard round the world”
advantages and disadvantages of
Britain, colonies
support for colonies in Britain
colonial economic problems,
Continental dollars
supply problems of Continental Army
role of African-Americans on both
sides
significance of George Washington
Fort Ticonderoga, Ethan Allen,
Benedict Arnold
Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775
Olive Branch Petition, British use of
Hessian mercenaries
colonial invasion of Canada,
expectations, realities
Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776,
effect on colonial unity
republicanism, sovereignty of the
people, debate over degree of
popular control
Declaration of Independence, 1776,
Thomas Jefferson, purpose, impact
Loyalists (Tories), Patriots (Whigs)
Patrick Henry
role of Anglican church in America
treatment of Loyalists during war
Gen. William Howe, Hudson River
strategy
Battle of Trenton, colonial success
Gen. John Burgoyne, Saratoga, impact
reasons for French support of colonies
the Revolution as a world war
Benedict Arnold’s treachery
British southern strategy
Indian actions on the frontier
effect of privateers (pirates)
Gen. Charles Cornwallis, Yorktown
surrender
Treaty of Paris of 1783
American Revolution as evolutionary
rather than radical change
Loyalist exodus
post-war Anglican church, Virginia
Statute for Religious Freedom
expansion of liberties by the states
after the war
principles of new state constitutions,
evidence of fear of central authority
use of conventions to write
constitutions
constitutions as written documents
common ideals in state constitutions
economic drawbacks of independence
benefits of trade after revolution
Articles of Confederation, reason for
dealys in ratification
structure and powers of Articles gov’t
problems with Articles gov’t
successes of Articles gov’t
Land Ordinance of 1785
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
British forts on US soil
Spanish, French relations with new US
Shays’s Rebellion, 1786, reasons,
significance
Philadelphia Convention of 1787,
characteristics of delegates
Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan
Connecticut (Great) Compromise
powers of the president, congress,
courts
Electoral College
three-fifths compromise
the Constitution as a conservative
document: property rights, limits on
democracy
requirements for ratification
antifederalists, federalists
demand for a bill of rights
Federalist Papers
UNIT 3: THE NEW NATION & THE WORLD
WASHINGTON, ADAMS, JEFFERSON, MADISON, AND MONROE
1789 TO 1823
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.5 The student understands the significant political events that took place during the early national
period.
UNIT THESES
Between 1789 and 1820, conflict over the increasing power of the national government created
intensified sectional tensions and disputes between major political personalities which led to the
creation of the first party system.
Between 1789 and 1823, geographic isolation allowed the United States to pursue a policy of selective
involvement in major world events including the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars, the War of
1812, and the South American revolutions.
The Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties’ construction of the constitution varied depending
upon the needs and interests of their geographic section and their electoral success at the time.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 10, 11, 12
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 10, 11, 12
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Early Republic, 1789-1815
Washington, Hamilton, and shaping of the national government (10)
Emergence of political parties: Federalists and Republicans (10)
Expansion into the trans-Appalachian West; American Indian resistance (10)
Significance of Jefferson’s presidency (11)
The War of 1812 and its consequences (11, 12)
Territorial acquisitions (11, 12)
Federal authority and its opponents: the Marshall Court (12)
AP United States History
Unit 3 - A New Nation & The World, 1789-1823
Washington as president, use of the
cabinet
Bill of Rights, provisions, purpose
Judiciary Act of 1789, John Jay
Alexander Hamilton, Sec of Treasury
Report on the Public Credit, “funding at
par”, assumption of state debts,
motive behind Hamilton’s plan
location of District of Columbia
sources of revenue to pay US debts,
tariffs, excise taxes
protective tariff, reasons, Hamilton’s
industrial vision
Report on a National Bank, structure and
purpose of bank, Jefferson’s
constitutional opposition
strict construction vs. broad construction,
“necessary and proper” elastic clause
Whiskey Rebellion as an example of
federal authority
factions vs. Parties, role of parties
French Revolution, support and opposition
in the US, role of nascent political
parties, reaction to the guillotine and
Reign of Terror
American alliance with France, Jefferson’s
support, Washington’s hesitation,
Proclamation of Neutrality
Genüt Affair, effects of American
neutrality
British military presence in the west and
support of Indians
impressment, British raiding of American
merchant vessels
John Jay, Jay’s Treaty, Republican
reaction
Pinckney’s Treaty with Spain, influence of
Jay’s Treaty
Washington’s Farewell Address, advice
assessing Washington’s presidency
John Adams, Election of 1796, partisan
influences
High Federalists
French reaction to Jay’s Treaty
XYZ Affair, Talleyrand, Federalist
reaction, defense buildup
Quasi-war with France
Napoleon Bonaparte, Convention of 1800,
effect on Adams’ popularity
Alien and Sedition Acts, reasons for alien
restrictions, Sedition Act, reasons for
passage, enforcement
Virginia and Kentucky Resolves,
nullification doctrine
Federalist beliefs and positions,
Republican beliefs and positions
Jefferson’s view of the electorate,
importance of education
Election of 1800, problems facing the
Federalists, slander campaign
Aaron Burr, influence in New York,
electoral college tie
“Revolution of 1800”
assessing Federalist accomplishments
inaugural speech: “We are all
Republicans, we are all Federalists”
Jefferson’s democratic etiquette
repeal of the excise tax
Sec of Treasury Albert Gallatin
Jefferson’s acceptance of Federalist
economic policy: Bank, tariff
Judiciary Act of 1801, midnight judges,
repeal
Chief Justice John Marshall, impact,
background in Continental Army
Marbury v. Madison, 1803, judicial review
judge breaking, impeachment of Samuel
Chase, precedent set by failure
reduction of military forces, reasons
Barbary Pirates, blackmail
Jefferson’s navy, future problems
France’s acquisition of Louisiana, 1800
Napoleon’s defeat in Haiti, Toussaint
L’Ouverture
Louisiana Purchase, 1803, Jefferson’s
constitutional qualms, rationale
Lewis and Clark expedition,
characteristics of LA territory
Yazoo land fraud
John Randolph, Quids
Burr secession conspiracy: New England,
later trans-Mississippi west
Burr treason trial, conflict between
Jefferson and Marshall
Napoleonic wars, British Orders in Council
impressment, Chesapeake Affair
Embargo Act, 1807, effects, failure
Non-Intercourse Act, 1809
benefits of Embargo: industrialization
James Madison
Macon’s Bill No. 2, Napoleon’s deception,
Madison’s response
War Hawks, Henry Clay, reasons why
they desired war
Tecumseh and the Prophet, William Henry
Harrison, Battle of Tippecanoe
Andrew Jackson, defeat of the Creek
Indians
War Hawk goals in Canada
declaration of war, support and opposition
by geographic region
ironies of declaring war on Britain
Federalist & New England opposition to
war: reasons, results for US
status of US military on the eve of war
failure of Canadian invasion
Oliver Hazard Perry, naval success
burning of Washington, DC
Francis Scott Key, writing of Star
Spangled Banner
defense of New Orleans, Andrew
Jackson, British blunders, impact
Treaty of Ghent, “status quo antebellum”
Hartford Convention of 1814, Federalist
demands and proposed amendments,
talk of secession, failure in the wake
of New Orleans
overall impact of the “Second War for
Independence”
increased American prestige
internationally
creation of heroes: Jackson, Harrison
demise of the Federalists
rise of American nationalism: literary,
textbooks, revival of the Bank of the
US
Clay’s American System: protective tariffs,
national bank, federal funding of
internal improvements
James Monroe, Era of Good Feelings
Panic of 1819, overspeculation in land,
wildcat banks, political strife
westward expansion, immigration,
domestic migration
Cumberland Road, steamboats
Western political influence, demands for
cheap land, transportation, money
sectionalism & slavery, Tallmadge
amendment, Clay’s Missouri
Compromise, 36û30’ compromise line,
importance of compromise
Marshall court, McColluch v. Maryland,
“loose” or “broad” construction
Cohens v. Virginia 1821, SC right to
review state court decisions
Gibbons v. Ogden 1824, interstate
commerce
Fletcher v. Peck 1810, sanctity of
contracts
Dartmouth College v. Woodward 1819,
sanctity of contracts
long-term impact of the Marshall Court
John Quincy Adams, Treaty of 1818
Andrew Jackson, Florida, Florida
Purchase Treaty of 1819
Monroe Doctrine, expectations and
impact, reasons for statement
UNIT 4: THE JACKSONIAN ERA
DEMOCRACY, IMMIGRATION, INDUSTRY, REFORM, AND RELIGION IN THE ANTEBELLUM ERA
1824 TO 1840
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.5 The student understands the significant political events that took place during the early national
period.
UNIT THESES
During the Jacksonian Era, politics became more democratic, the power of the presidency increased,
America became more optimistic and expansionistic, and sectionalism supplanted nationalism.
The North, the West, and the South developed into unique regions with competing national agendas
due to differences in their demographics, economies, and geography.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 13, 14, 15, 16
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 13, 14, 15, 16
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Transformation of Politics in Antebellum America
Emegence of the second party system (13)
Federal authority and its opponents: judicial federalism, the Bank War, tariff controversy, and states’ rights
debates (13)
Jacksonian democracy and its successes and limitations (13)
Transformation of the Economy and Society in Antebellum America
Growth of slavery and free Black communities (14)
The transportation revolution and creation of a national market economy (14)
Beginnings of industrialization and changes in social and class structures (14)
Immigration and nativist reaction (14)
Planters, yeoman, and slaves in the cotton South (16)
Pro- and antislavery arguments and conflicts (16)
Territorial Expansion and Manifest Destiny
Forced removal of American Indians to the trans-Mississippi West (13)
Western migration and cultural interactions (14)
Religion, Reform, and Renaissance in Antebellum America
Beginnings of the Second Great Awakening (15)
Evangelical Protestant revivalism (15)
Social reforms (15)
Ideals of domesticity (15)
Transcendentalism and utopian communities (15)
American Renaissance: literary and artistic expression (15)
AP United States History
Unit 4 - The Jacksonian Era, 1824-1840
“democracy” & the “common man”
Jeffersonian democracy & Jacksonian
democracy
universal white manhood suffrage
popular election of judges, governors
influence of economics on new democracy,
banking problems
reform of Electoral College
party nominating conventions
election of 1824, John Quincy Adams,
Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay
corrupt bargain
Adam’s nationalistic proposals: observatory,
university, internal improvements, Indian
policy
common man’s reaction to Adams
Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations),
Jackson’s intrigue, reaction to tariff
southern objection to tariffs
South Carolina Exposition and Protest, John
C. Calhoun, nullification
National Republicans & Democrats
election of 1828, mudslinging
election of 1828 as a “revolution”
Andrew Jackson as president, “Old Hickory”,
use of the veto
spoils system, rotation-in-office, future abuse
by political machines
Martin Van Buren
Kitchen Cabinet
Peggy Eaton affair
Maysville Road veto
Webster-Hayne debate, debate over the
nature of the Union
Jackson-Calhoun toasts at the Jefferson Day
dinner
Tariff of 1832, nullification by South Carolina,
compromise Tariff of 1833, Force Bill
lessons learned in nullification crisis
election of 1832, Henry Clay, Bank of US
recharter bill, Jackson’s use of the veto
power
Nicholas Biddle, problems caused by bank,
benefits of bank
Anti-Masonic party
party conventions, party platforms
withdrawal of funds from Bank of US, pet
banks, Specie Circular
civilization of the Indians, Cherokees
Worcester v. Georgia, Cherokee Nation v.
Georgia
Indian Removal Act 1830, Trail of Tears,
Indian Territory, Bureau of Indian Affairs
Fox, Black Hawk War
Seminoles, Osceola
Texas, Stephen Austin, settlers, Davey
Crockett, Jim Bowie, Sam Houston
disputes between Texas settlers and
Mexican government
Santa Ana, the Alamo, Goliad
San Jacinto, capture of Santa Ana
issue of recognizing Texas independence
annexation issue, slave controversy
“King Andrew” and the Whig party
election of 1836, Whig sectional strategy
Martin Van Buren, Democrats
assessing the Jackson legacy
Panic of 1837, speculation, wildcat banks,
Specie Circular, crop failures, calling in
of loans
effects of panic, proposed solutions
Divorce Bill, independent treasury system
election of 1840, Wm. H. Harrison,
“Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too”, “Log Cabin
and Hard Cider” campaign
reestablishment of the two-party system,
platform and supporters of Whigs and
Democrats
realities of western life
population growth, urbanization, problems of
the city
German, Irish immigration, reasons for
coming, conditions of passage
Irish potato famine, places of settlement,
conditions upon arrival
Irish labor, race relations
Tammany Hall Democratic machine
characteristics of German immigrants,
destinations in US
cultural isolation, German customs, reaction
by native-born
nativism, reaction to Catholics
American “Know-Nothing” party
Samuel Slater, factory system
reasons for US industrialization
Eli Whitney, cotton gin, interchangeable parts
relationship between southern planters and
northern industry
reasons for New England industrialization
Elias Howe, sewing machine, Isaac Singer
limited liability corporations, free
incorporation
Samuel Morse, telegraph
“wage slaves”, changing nature of
employer-employee relationship
workplace conditions, improvements in the
Jacksonian era
early labor unions, Commonwealth v. Hunt
Lowell girls, jobs for women, “cult of
domesticity”
John Deere, steel plow, Cyrus McCormick,
mechanical reaper
farmers’ cycle of indebtedness
turnpikes, private investment
Robert Fulton, steamboats, Clermont
Erie Canal, state funding, economic effects
on NYC and state
railroads, problems, benefits
division of economy by section, effects of
economic ties on sectionalism
effect of market capitalism on families and
homes
transoceanic trade, clipper ships, ocean
steamers
Deism, Unitarianism
Second Great Awakening, Charles
Grandison Finney
Burned-over district
William Miller, Millerites, Seventh-Day
Adventists
class divisions and religious awakening
divisions in denominations over slavery
Mormoms, Joseph Smith, Brigham Young,
Deseret (Utah)
Horace Mann, public education reform
Noah Webster, McGuffey’s Readers
state universities, UNC, UVa
Oberlin College, women’s education
lyceum movement
reform movements
criminal reforms, penitentiaries
Dorothea Dix, asylum reforms
temperance movement, Neal Dow, Maine
Law of 1851
Mott, Stanton, Anthony, women’s rights and
suffrage
Elizabeth Blackwell, MD
Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of
Sentiments
utopian socialism, New Harmony, Brook
Farm
Oneida Colony, John Noyes, complex
marriage
Shakers, Mother Ann Lee
patent medicine, medical care
Hudson River school
minstrel shows, blackface, “Dixie”
Stephen Foster, “Old Folks at Home”
Washington Irving, Knickerbocker’s History
of New York
James Fenimore Cooper, Last of the
Mohicans
Transcendentalism, Ralph Waldo Emerson,
Henry David Thoreau, Walden, Civil
Disobedience
Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Edgar Allan Poe
Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlett Letter
Herman Melville, Moby Dick
UNIT 5: SECTIONALISM
MANIFEST DESTINY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE THREE SECTIONS
1840 TO 1861
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.5 The student understands the significant political events that took place during the early national
period.
UNIT THESES
The North, South, and West each had unique economies, social structures, and political interests which
contributed to the friction between them in Congress.
Sectional discord changed the spoils of Manifest Destiny from a beneficent windfall to a fatal burden.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 17, 18, 19
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 17, 18, 19
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Crisis of Union
Early US imperialism: the Mexican War (17)
Compromise of 1850 (18)
The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the emergence of the Republican Party (18)
Abraham Lincoln, the election of 1860, and secession (19)
AP United States History
Unit 5 - Sectionalism, 1840-1861
Eli Whitney, cotton gin, effect on slavery,
“King Cotton”
planter aristocracy, effects on southern
society, role of plantation women
economic problems of cotton economy,
slavery
failure to develop southern industries
distribution of slave ownership among the
white population of the South
hierarchy of southern society: planter elite,
small slaveholders, nonslaveholding
farmers, mountain men, “poor white
trash”, free blacks, chattle slaves
reasons for nonslaveholders to support slave
system
lives of free blacks in the South, North
growth of slave population, upper South as a
breeding area for slaves
slave auctions, treatment of slaves,
conditions, legal status of slaves
slave religious traditions, marriage and family
slavery and education
furtive resistance to slavery by slaves
slave rebellions: Gabriel Prosser 1800,
Denmark Vessey 1822, Nat Turner 1831
effect of slavery on whites, paranoia
“peculiar institution” and abolitionism
American Colonization Society, Liberia
effect of Second Great Awakening
evangelism on abolition
William Lloyd Garrison, The Liberator
Sojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass, The
Narrative of the Life of Frederick
Douglass
Liberty Party, Free-Soil Party, Republican
Party
southern abolitionism, effects of rebellions
southern defense of slavery
gag resolution, free-speech restrictions on
abolitionists
depth of northern support for abolitionists,
reaction to radical abolitionists
economic ties between northern industries
and southern slavery
Whigs: Wm. Henry Harrison, Daniel
Webster, Henry Clay, John Tyler
nature of the Whig party, Tyler’s wing
Clay’s Whig domestic agenda, Tyler’s veto of
the Bank bill
party and cabinet reaction to Tyler
veto of protective tariff bill
US relations with Britain, Caroline & Creole
incidents, Aroostook war,
Webster-Ashburton treaty
Texas, need for foreign support, issue of
slavery in Texas debate
joint resolution to annex Texas, 1845
Oregon Country, 54û40’ border, British and
American claims to territory, Oregon
Trail
James K. Polk, “dark horse” candidacy
expansion issue and election of 1844
“manifest destiny”
Clay’s confused TX slavery position
role of the Liberty party in Clay’s defeat
Polk, Walker’s tariff reductions, return of the
independent treasury system
acquisition of Oregon, “fifty-four forty or
fight”, 49th parallel treaty
problems w/ Mexico: California, Texas
Texas boundary dispute: Rio Grande (US) or
Nueces River (Mexican)
Gen. Taylor’s occupation of disputed area,
Mexican attack
“American blood on American soil”
US, Mexican goals in the war
John C. Frúmont, Bear Flag Republic
Taylor, “Old Rough and Ready”, Buena Vista
Gen. Winfield Scott, “Old Fuss and
Feathers”, Vera Cruz, Mexico City
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848: Mexican
cession, debt assumption, $15 million
payment by US
criticism of the treaty
impact of the Mexican War on the impending
US Civil War
impact of the Mexican War on US relations
with Latin America
Wilmot Proviso, southern reaction
“fire-eaters”
Lewis Cass, popular sovereignty
Zachary Taylor as a candidate, Whigs
Van Buren, Free-Soil party, platform
1848 California gold rush, rush to statehood,
southern reaction
Underground Railroad, Harriet Tubman
last debates of Clay, Calhoun, Webster: calls
for concession, compromise
the old guard (C, C, W) vs. new guard
(William Seward)
Taylor’s death, Millard Fillmore
Nashville convention
Compromise of 1850: provisions, benefits
and costs for each side; popular
sovereignty, California statehood, end of
DC slave trade, Fugitive Slave Law of
1850
personal liberty laws, nullification of FSL
long-term effects of the Compromise
Franklin Pierce, Winfield Scott
division in Whig party over slavery
significance of the decline of the Whigs,
demise of national parties
Nicaragua, William Walker
Clayton-Bulwer treaty
Asian trade, Japan, Commodore Matthew C.
Perry
filibustering, Cuba, Ostend Manifesto,
northern reaction
transcontinental railroad, need, routes
James Gadsden, Gadsden Purchase
Stephen A. Douglas, “Little Giant”
Kansas-Nebraska Act, popular sovereignty,
repeal of Missouri Compromise,
reaction, effects
Republican Party, supporter
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe,
importance and impact
The Impending Crisis of the South, Hinton R.
Helper
effect of novels on abolitionism, South
Kansas settlers, abolition & pro-slavery
settlers, reality of slavery in Kansas
border ruffians, election fraud,
Shawnee/Lecompton government,
Topeka government
Bleeding Kansas, burning of Lawrence, John
Brown, Pottawatomie Creek massacre
Lecompton constitution, election boycott,
support of James Buchanan
failure of popular sovereignty, division among
the Democrats
Charles Sumner, Preston Brooks
election of 1856, Buchanan, Frÿmont,
Republican free-soilers
American “Know-Nothing” Party, Fillmore,
nativism
significance of Republican success
Dred Scott v. Sanford, Roger Taney,
decision, impact, northern reaction
Panic of 1857, psychological effect on
southern cotton growers
Homestead Act of 1860, opposition,
Buchanan veto
1858 Illinois senatorial election, Abraham
Lincoln, Lincoln-Douglas debates,
Freeport Doctrine, impact of debates on
Lincoln and Douglas
John Brown’s raid at Harper’s Ferry, plot,
failure, southern reaction, northern
reaction to Brown’s execution
1860 Democratic convention, southern
boycott of Douglas candidacy, schism in
party
Northern Democrats: Douglas; Southern
Democrats: Breckinridge
Constitutional Union Party, John Bell
Republicans, Lincoln
1860 Republican platform, free-soil, tariffs,
railroads, homesteads
secession of South Carolina, lower South
Confederate States of America, Jefferson
Davis
Buchanan’s reaction to secession
Sen. Henry Crittenden’s compromise
reasons and justification for secession,
southern goals and expectations
UNIT 6: CIVIL WAR & RECONSTRUCTION
SECESSION, WAR, RECONSTRUCTION, TO REDEMPTION
1861 TO 1877
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.4.6 The student understands the military and economic events of the Civil War and Reconstruction.
UNIT THESES
The Civil War was caused by historic economic, social, and political sectional differences that were
further emotionalized by the slavery issue.
The Civil War effectively determined the nature of the Union, the economic direction of the United
States, and political control of the country.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 20, 21, 22
American Spirit, Volume I, chapters 20, 21, 22
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
Civil War
Two societies at war: mobilization, resources, and internal dissent (20)
Military strategies and foreign diplomacy (20)
Emancipation and the role of African Americans in the war (21)
Social, political, and economic effects of war in the North, South, and West (20, 21)
Reconstruction
Presidential and Radical Reconstruction (22)
Southern state governments: aspirations, achievements, failures (22)
Role of African Americans in politics, education, and the economy (22)
Impact of Reconstruction (22)
AP United States History
Unit 6 - Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877
unresolved issues at the time of
secession: debts, slaves, territory...
Fort Sumter, resupply effort, SC attack
Lincoln’s call for 75,000 volunteers,
blockade
secession of the upper South, shifting of
capital to Richmond
“border states”, importance to Union and
Confederacy, martial law in
Maryland
role of slavery as a war goal for North
Indian loyalties in Civil War
division of families by war
advantages/disadvantages of the North
and South
Gen. Robert E. Lee, Gen. Thomas J.
“Stonewall” Jackson
failure of King Cotton diplomacy,
sympathy of European working class
with the free North, cotton surplus
“King Wheat” and “King Corn”, British
crop failures, effect on European
diplomacy
Trent affair 1861, Alabama affair, Laird
rams, Alabama claims
Napoleon III, French invasion of Mexico,
Maximilian affair
Jefferson Davis, personal popularity,
Confederate Constitution, state’s
rights influence
Lincoln as president, actions at the time
war breaks out, constitutional issues,
suspension of habeas corpus
manpower for the army: volunteers,
conscription, substitutes,
exemptions, recruitment bounties
1863 New York City draft riots, Irish,
reasons, focus of anger
Confederate conscription, exemptions
Union finances, taxes, Morrill Tariff Act,
Legal Tender Act: greenbacks, debt
and bonds
National Banking System 1863
Confederate finances, problems
borrowing, internal opposition to
taxes, paper money, inflation
effects of inflation on both sides
effects of war on northern industry,
creation of wealthy class, corruption
and fraud
US Sanitary Commission, Elizabeth
Blackwell, MD
1st Battle of Manassas/Bull Run, 1861,
McDowell, PGT Beauregard,
Stonewall Jackson, significance
Gen. George McClellan, Army of the
Potomac, Peninsula Campaign,
Gen. Robert E. Lee, Army of
Northern Virginia, US defeat
six-point Union strategy of total war:
blockade, liberate slaves, seize
Mississippi River, take Georgia and
the Carolinas, take Richmond, fight
a war of attrition
success of Union blockade, Britain’s
failure to smash it
blockade running
Merrimac (CSS Virginia) and the
Monitor, significance of ironclads
2nd Battle of Manassas/Bull Run, Pope
Lee’s invasion of Maryland, expectations
and realities, Battle of Antietam,
McClellan, impact
Emancipation Proclamation, timing,
effects, reaction
black soldiers in Union army
use of slaves by Confederacy
Fredericksburg, Gen. Ambrose Burnside
Chancellorsville, Fightin’ Joe Hooker,
death of Stonewall Jackson
Gettysburg, Gen. George Meade,
Pickett’s charge, significance of CSA
defeat, “high tide of Confederacy”
Gettysburg Address
U. S. Grant, Ft. Henry & Ft. Donelson,
impact, Shiloh
David Farragut, New Orleans, Port
Hudson
Vicksburg, siege, significance of
surrender
Chickamauga and Chattanooga, Atlanta,
Gen. William T. Sherman
Sherman’s March to the Sea strategy
election of 1864, War Democrats, Peace
Democrats (copperheads), Clement
Vallandigham
Union party, Andrew Johnson
McClellan, Democratic platform
capture of Atlanta, impact on election
Wilderness, Cold Harbor, casualties,
effect on Lee’s forces
siege of Petersburg, fall of Richmond
surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
John Wilkes Booth, assassination of
Lincoln, conspiracy: Johnson,
Seward
human and monetary costs of the war
political and constitutional impact of war
condition of the South after the war
realities of emancipation
Freedman’s Bureau
Andrew Johnson as president
Presidential Reconstruction, Lincoln’s
philosophy of secession, 10% plan
Wade-Davis Bill, pocket veto,
congressional philosophy of
secession
Johnson’s acceptance and modification
of Lincoln’s plan, use of pardons
13th Amendment
effects of Johnson’s reconstruction by
the end of 1865, Black Codes
congressional reaction to Johnson and
new southern congressional
delegates
Freedman’s Bureau, Civil Rights Bill,
Johnson vetoes
14th Amendment, provisions, Johnson’s
opposition campaign around the
country, effects
Radical Republicans, Sumner,
Thaddeus Stevens
Reconstruction Act 1867, military
districts, conditions for readmission
15th Amendment
ex parte Milligan, ex parte Merryman
exclusion of women’s rights from Civil
War amendments
Union League
scalawags, carpetbaggers
Reconstruction governments in the
South, effectiveness, extent of
corruption
“redeemers”
Ku Klux Klan, origins, terrorism
Force Acts of 1870, 1871
actions to prevent black voting
Tenure of Office Act, firing of Stanton
impeachment of Johnson, acquittal
Alaska, Seward’s Folly, purpose
assessment of the legacy and radicalism
of reconstruction
UNIT 7: THE GILDED AGE
POLITICS, INDUSTRY, AGRICULTURE, URBAN AMERICA, AND THE SETTLEMENT OF THE WEST
1868 TO 1896
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.1 The student know the causes of the Industrial Revolution and its economic, political, and
cultural effects on American society.
A.5.2 The student understands the social and cultural impact of immigrant groups and individuals on
American society after 1880.
UNIT THESES
National, state, and local politics during the Gilded Age regressed from the spirit of the late 18th and
early 19th century as America became a “sham of a democracy.”
In the aftermath of the Civil War, the United States accelerated its shift from an rural agrarian nation to
an urbanized industrial giant through the rise of large corporations, the use of immigrants as industrial
laborers, and an era of conservative laissez-faire politicians.
While not fully successful at the time, the seeds for future periods of reform were planted during the
Gilded Age through early attempts at organizing labor, a new political consciousness among farmers,
and the emergence of national leaders among African Americans.
READINGS
American Pageant, chapters 23, 24, 25, 26
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 23, 24, 25, 26
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Origins of the New South
Reconfiguration of southern agriculture: sharecropping and crop-lien system (23)
Expansion of manufacturing and industrialization (24)
The politics of segregation: Jim Crow and disenfranchisement (23)
Development of the West in the Late Nineteenth Century
Expansion and development of western railroads (24)
Competitors for the West: miners, ranchers, homesteaders, and American Indians (26)
Government policy toward American Indians (26)
Gender, race, and ethnicity in the far West (26)
Environmental impacts of western settlement (26)
Industrial America in the Late Nineteenth Century
Corporate consolidation of industry (24)
Effects of technological development on the worker and workplace (24)
Labor and unions (24)
National politics and influence of corporate power (24)
Migration and immigration: the changing face of the nation (25)
Proponents and opponents of the new order, e.g., Social Darwinism and Social Gospel (24, 25)
Urban Society in the Late Nineteenth Century
Urbanization and the lure of the city (25)
City problems and machine politics (23, 25)
Intellectual and cultural movements and popular entertainment (25)
Populism and Progressivism
Agrarian discontent and political issues of the late nineteenth century (26)
AP United States History
Unit Seven - The Gilded Age, 1868-1896
election of 1868, U. S. Grant
“waving the bloody shirt”
Black Friday, gold scheme
Jim Fisk, Jay Gould
Tammany Hall, Boss Tweed
Thomas Nast
Credit Mobilier
Whiskey Ring
Liberal Republicans, Horace Greeley,
election of 1872
Panic of 1873, reasons
“hard money” vs. “cheap money”
Resumption Act of 1875
Crime of ’73
Bland-Allison Act
party stances on issues: tariff, currency, civil
service reform
differences between Democrat and
Republican party members
Grand Army of the Republic
patronage
Stalwarts, Half-breeds
Roscoe Conkling, James G. Blaine
Election fof 1876, Hayes v. Tilden
disputed returns, Compromise of 1877
Redemption of the South, Lost Cause,
“Bourbons”
Civil Rights cases, 1883
disenfranchisement of blacks
sharecropping, tenant farming, crop lien
system, Jim Crow laws
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
lynching
railroad strikes, use of federal troops
plight of Chinese laborers, “coolies”
Denis Kearney, Kearneyites
Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
James Garfield, Charles Guiteau
Chester A. Arthur
Pendelton Act, 1883
Civil Service Commission
effect of civil service reform on campaigns
Blaine, Mulligan letters, mugwumps
Grover Cleveland, “Rum, Romanism, and
Rebellion”
laissez-faire
military pension issue
budget surpluses, tariff reform
election of 1888, Benjamin Harrison,
Electoral College
railroad subsidies, land grants,
“checkerboard”
effect of railroads on land values
Union Pacific, Central Pacific
Irish railroad labor
Great Northern railroad, James J. Hill
Cornelius Vanderbilt, NY Central RR
steel rail, standard gague, Pullman Palace
cars, Westinghouse air brake, time
zones
effect of RRs on US economy, industry
stock watering
cutthroat competition, pools, rebates
Grange: The Patrons of Husbandry
Wabash v. Illinois 1886
Interstate Commerce Act/ICC 1887
railroads’ use of ICC for their benefit
“millionaire”
use of immigrant labor
American ingenuity: cash register, stock
ticker, typewriter, refrigerator car,
dynamo,
Alexander Graham Bell, telephone
Thomas Alva Edison, phonograph, lightbulb
Andrew Carnegie
John D. Rockefeller
J. Pierpont Morgan
vertical integration
horizontal integration, trusts
interlocking directorates
Bessemer/Kelly process
United States Steel Corporation
kerosene, Standard Oil Company
railroad rebates
economies of scale
gospel of wealth
Social Darwinism
use of 14th amendment by trusts
Sherman Anti-trust Act of 1890
James B. Duke, American Tobacco
southern iron, textile industries
life by the factory whistle
women’s occupations, Gibson Girls
strikebreakers (scabs), injunctions, lockouts,
yellow-dog contracts, blacklisting,
company towns
National Labor Union 1866
Knights of Labor 1869, Terrence Powderly
Haymarket Square Riot 1886
skilled labor vs. unskilled labor
American Federation of Labor, Samuel
Gompers, differences between AFL and
Knights
skyscrapers, mass transit trolleys
appeal of the cities, problems
Sister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser
slums, dumbbell tenements, flophouses,
suburbs
old immigrants - up to 1880s
new immigrants - after 1880s
reaction of old imm to new imm
effects on the city of new imm
Jane Addams, Hull House, settlement
houses
opposition to immigration, reason
American Protective Association
immigration restriction legislation
Dwight Moody, Cardinal Gibbons
Mary B. Eddy, Christian Science
Modernists, Fundamentalism
public education, Catholic Schools
Chautauqua movement
Booker T. Washington, Tuskeegee, Atlanta,
accommodationist
W. E. B. DuBois, NAACP, Talented Tenth
Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862
philanthropy and higher education
Carnegie & libraries
yellow journalism
Joseph Pullitzer, New York World
Wm. R. Hearst, SF Examiner
Henry George, Progress & Poverty, single
tax
Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward
Horatio Alger
Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass
Mark Twain, Stephen Crane
Anthony Comstock, Comstock Law
National Woman Suffrage Assoc.
Women’s Christian Temperance Union,
Carrie Nation
vaudeville shows
P. T. Barnum, American Museum
Buffalo Bill Cody Wild West show
Chivington massacre, Fetterman massacre
Little Big Horn, Col. G. A. Custer
Nez Perce, Chief Joseph
reservations
extermination of the buffalo
Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century of Dishonor
Ghost Dance, Wounded Knee
Dawes Severalty Act 1887
Carlisle Indian School
Gold Rush, realities & expectations
Comstock Lode
cattle drives
Homstead Act of 1862
close of the frontier: 1890 census
Frederick Jackson Turner, Frontier Thesis
farmers and deflation, debt, and railroads
The Grangers, Greenback Party
Populist Party, Omaha Platform
Benjamin Harrison, Billion-Dollar Congress
Speaker Thomas B. Reed
McKinley Tariff of 1890
Panic of 1893, gold shortage, J. P. Morgan
bailout
William Jennings Bryan
Coxey’s Army
Pullman Strike, Cleveland’s response
Eugene V. Debs
use of the injunction against labor
Wilson-Gorman Tariff & income tax
Mark Hanna, William McKinley
Free Silver, Bryan & Populist Democrats
“first modern presidential campaign”
“Front Porch” vs. candidate travel
corporate money & the campaign
UNIT 8: IMPERIAL AMERICA & THE PROGRESSIVE ERA
THE SPIRIT OF REFORM, AT HOME AND ABROAD
1890 TO 1921
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.2 The student understands the social and cultural impact of immigrant groups and individuals on
American society after 1880.
A.5.3 The student understands significant events leading up to the United States involvement in
World War I and the political, social, and economic results of that conflict in Europe.
UNIT THESES
From 1890 to 1918, the United States became increasingly active and aggressive in world affairs.
From 1890 to 1918, the United States threw off the last vestiges of isolation and moved aggressively into
world affairs by building a global empire for trade and prestige, and by rising to position of global
leadership.
The Progressive movement partially succeeded in improving life for average Americans by curbing big
business, making the government more responsive to the will of the people, and enacting social welfare
legislation.
READINGS
American Pageant Chapters 27, 28, 29, 30
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 27, 28, 29, 30
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
Populism and Progressivism
Origins of Progressive reform: municipal, state, and national (29)
Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson as Progressive presidents (29, 30)
Women’s roles: family, workplace, education, politics, and reform (30)
Black America: urban migration and civil rights initiatives (25, 30)
The Emergence of America as a World Power
American Imperialism: political and economic expansion (27, 28, 30)
War in Europe and American neutrality (30)
The First World War at home and abroad (31)
Treaty of Versailles (31)
AP United States History
Unit Eight - Imperial America & The Progressive Era, 1890-1921
imperialism, reasons
yellow press, Pulitzer, Hearst
Alfred Thayer Mahan, Influence of Sea
Power Upon History
Venezuela boundary dispute
Great Rapprochement
Hawaii, Queen Liliuokalani, revolt
Cleveland’s response to HI revolt
Cuba, reasons for revolution
role of press in Cuba
jingoism
de Lome letter, Maine explosion
reasons for declaring war w/Spain
Teller Amendment
advantages/disadvantages
problems faced by US
Commodore Dewey at Manila Bay
annexation of Hawaii
Rough Riders, Lt. Col. T. Roosevelt
naval victory at Santiago
effects of disease on US troops
Treaty of Paris of 1898, US gains
debate over the Philippines
Anti-Imperialist League, reasons for
opposition
White Man’s Burden
Foraker Act of 1900
Insular Cases of 1901
Platt Amendment, Guantanamo Bay naval
station
Emilio Aguinaldo, Philippine War
“benevolent assimilation”
Sec. of State John Hay, Open Door Note
1899
Boxer Rebellion of 1900
second Open Door Note 1900
Election of 1900, TR as VP
“Big Stick” diplomacy
isthmian canal debate
Nicaragua vs. Panama, role of the French
canal company
rejection of treaty by Colombia
Phillipe Bunau-Varilla, Panamanian
revolution
Hay-Bunau-Varilla treaty 1903
sanitation efforts in Panama
engineering, G. W. Goethels
“preventive intervention” Roosevelt Corollary
to the MD
use of RC in Dominican Rep.
Russo-Japanese War 1904
Treaty of Portsmouth, 1905, TR’s role,
effects on relationships
“yellow peril”, segregation issue in San
Francisco
TR’s Gentleman’s agreement
Great White Fleet world tour
Root-Takahira agreement
progressive movement = reform
use of government for welfare
rejection of laissez-faire
scientific management
Thorstein Veblen, Theory of the Liesure
Class, conspicuous consumption
Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives
muckrakers, McClure’s, Collier’s,
Cosmopolitan, Everybody’s
Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities
Ida M. Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil
Company
who were the progressives?
why were they progressives?
direct primary elections, initiative,
referendum, recall, Australian ballot,
direct election of senators (17th
amendment)
women’s suffrage movement
city manager system
public morals reform
Robert M. LaFollette, Hiram Johnson,
Charles E. Hughes
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire
Muller v. Oregon, Louis Brandeis
Lochner v. New York
prohibition
Women’s Christian Temperance Union,
Anti-Saloon League
dry vs. wet, 18th Amendment
Square Deal
TR’s Three-C’s: control of corporations,
consumer protection, conservation
Dept of Commerce and Labor
“trustbusting”
Elkins Act of 1903
Hepburn Act of 1906
good trusts vs. bad trusts
Northern Securities case 1904
Upton Sinclair, The Jungle
Meat Inspection Act of 1906
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
Gifford Pinchot, intelligent use of natural
resources by man
multiple use resource management
Panic of 1907, reforms
Wm. H. Taft
insurgent Republicans (reformers)
Dollar diplomacy, use of US military in Latin
America
breakup of Standard Oil, 1911
Payne-Aldrich Tariff, insurgent opposition
Ballinger-Pinchot affair, 1910
TR-Taft rift, Republican insurgents vs.
conservatives
Woodrow Wilson,
“Bull Moose” Progressive Party
Wilson’s New Freedom
TR’s New Nationalism
Underwood tariff
16th Amendment, new income tax
Federal Reserve Act of 1913
Federal Trade Commission Act
Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914
Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916
Adamson Act of 1916
Louis Brandeis, SC justice
Jones Act of 1916
US Marines in Haiti, 1916 treaty
moral diplomacy
Mexican revolution, US migration
arrest of US sailors at Tampico
seizure of Vera Cruz
Pancho Villa, Gen. John Pershing
assassination of Franz Ferdinand
outbreak of World War I, Central Powers,
Allied Powers
US neutrality, ethnic loyalties
effect of war on US economy
loans & arms sales to Allies
U-Boats, Lusitania sinking
Sussex Pledge
Election of 1916, “He Kept Us Out of War”
unrestricted submarine warfare
Zimmermann Note
impact of Russian Revolution on US
involvement in war
“war to end war,” “to make the world safe for
democracy”
US war goals: the Fourteen Points
George Creel, Committee on Public
Information: propaganda
Over There, George M. Cohan
purging US of German influences
Espionage Act, Sedition Act
War Industries Board, B. Baruch
National War Labor Board, IWW
Great Migration, E. St. Louis riots
19th Amendment, 1920
Food Administration, H. Hoover
“victory gardens” “meatless days”
prohibition as a wartime issue
Fuel Administration
Liberty Bonds, Victory Bonds
draft, training, segregation in military
“doughboys”, western front, victory
Wilson’s 1918 election fiasco
Versailles Treaty, League of Nations
self-determination
William Borah &Hiram Johnson,
irreconcilables (isolationists)
Henry Cabot Lodge, reservationists
Wilson’s nation tour of 1919, stroke
Article X of the League charter
Wilson’s failure to compromise
Election of 1920, “solemn referendum”
Warren G. Harding, James M. Cox
UNIT 9: PROSPERITY & DEPRESSION
THE ROARING TWENTIES, THE GREAT DEPRESSION, AND THE NEW DEAL
1919 - 1939
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.4 The student understands social transformations that took place in the 1920s and 1930s, the
principal political and economic factors that led to the Great Depression, and the legacy of the
depression in American society.
UNIT THESES
Disillusionment with the idealism of the Progressive Era and World War I led Americans to fear change
and difference and to retreat into a superficial shell of self-satisfaction.
The Great Depression and the New Deal led the end of a laissez-faire federal government and to the
expectation of government intervention to maintain the economic stability of the nation.
READINGS
American Pageant Chapters 31, 32, 33
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 31, 32, 33
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Emergence of America as a World Power
Society and the economy in the postwar years (32)
The New Era: 1920s
The business of America and the consumer economy (32)
Republican politics: Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover (33)
The culture of Modernism: science, the arts, and entertainment (32)
Responses to Modernism: religious fundamentalism, nativism, and Prohibition (32)
The ongoing struggle for equality: African Americans and women (32)
The Great Depression and the New Deal
Causes of the Great Depression (33)
The Hoover administration’s response (33)
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal (34)
Labor and union recognition (34)
The New Deal coalition and its critics from Right and Left (34)
Surviving hard times: American society during the Great Depression (33, 34)
AP United States History
Unit Nine - Prosperity & Depression, 1919-1938
radicals
Seattle General Strike of 1919
Red Scare of 1919
Attny Gen. A. Mitchell Palmer
effects of Red Scare on labor unions
Sacco & Vanzetti trial, impact of Red Scare on
trial
2nd Ku Klux Klan, William Simmons
rise, fall of KKK
Emergency Quota Act of 1921
Immigration Act of 1924
National Origins Act of 1929
prohibition, 18th Amendment, Volstead Act of
1919
“wets”, “drys”, speakeasies, bootlegging,
rum-running, bathtub gin
successes, failures of probhibition
rise of organized crime
Scarface Al Capone, St. Valentine’s Day
massacre
John Dewey, Progressive education
Fundmental Christianity, conflict with Darwinism
Tennessee creationism law, John T. Scopes,
Monkey Trial
Wm. J. Bryan, Clarence Darrow
mass consumption, installment buying
advertising
automobile, impact on society
Henry Ford, Model T, impact on society
oil industry shift from kerosene to gas
aviation, passenger service, mail service
Charles Lindbergh, Spirit of St. Louis
radio, KDKA, commercials, role of radio in
creating a common US culture
effect of radio on professional sports
movies, The Birth of a Nation, D. W. Griffith
talkies, The Jazz Singer, Al Jolson
decline of vaudeville
flappers, cake-eaters, changing fashion
Sigmund Freud, impact on sexual attitudes
rise of “dating”, decline of “calling”, role of the
automobile
jazz music, Jelly Roll Morton, Louis Armstrong,
Harlem Renaissance
Langston Hughes
The “New Negro”
Marcus Garvey, United Negro Improvement
Association
Pan-Africanism, Back to Africa
H. L. Mencken, Lost Generation
F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby
Ernest Hemmingway, A Farewell to Arms
Sinclair Lewis, Babbit, Main Street
William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury
Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, The Waste Land
e. e. cummings
Frank Lloyd Wright, Prairie School of
architecture
skyscrapers
Florida real estate scandals
“bull market”
“bear market”
margin buying
Bureau of the Budget
Sec. of Treasury Andrew Mellon, tax policies,
debt policy
Warren G. Harding, return to normalcy
Ohio Gang
Harding’s Cabinet: Hughes, Mellon, and Hoover
vs. Fall and Daugherty
return to laissez-faire, role of government in
business
Chief Justice Wm. H. Taft
Veterans’ Bureau, influence in gov’t
Bonus Bill, veto by Coolidge, Congressional
override
role of US in League of Nations
new influence of oil on foreign policy
Washington Naval Conference, 1921-22
Five-Power Naval Treaty of 1922
Four-Power Treaty, Nine Power Treaty
Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928
Fordney-McCumber Tariff of 1922, effect on
world economy and trade
Charles R. Forbes, Veterans’ Bureau scandal
Teapot Dome-Elk Hills scandal, Albert B. Fall
Harry Daugherty, bribery
death of Harding,
Calvin Coolidge, cleaning up presidency
farm problems: post war bust
McNary-Haugen Bill, veto by Coolidge
election of 1924, John W. Davis, Robert
LaFollette
US policy in Latin America
European war debts, Dawes Plan of 1924
election of 1928, Rep - Herbert Hoover, Dem Alfred E. Smith
Smith’s liabilities: wet, Catholic, Irish
“The Sidewalks of New York”, fear of the
“popish”, anti-Catholic bigotry,
role of radio in election
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929, Federal
Farm Board
Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
Black Tuesday, Stock Market Crash 1929
causes of the Great Depression:
overproduction, consumer debt, worldwide
economic depression, bad Federal Reserve
monetary policy
relief: public works projects, aid to business,
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Bonus Expeditionary Force (Bonus Army), Gen.
Douglas MacArthur
Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1931
Stimson Doctrine 1932
withdrawal of troops from Haiti and Nicaragua,
1932
Franklin Delano Roosevelt of the Hyde Park
Roosevelts, role of Eleanor Roosevelt
election of 1932, rejection of Al Smith by
Democrats, pledge of a “new deal”
Brains Trust
Black Cabinet
shift of black vote to Democrats
three R’s: relief, recovery, reform
bank holiday
Hundred Days
Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933
fireside chats
Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
end of gold standard: inflation
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Federal Emergency Relief Act, FERA, Harry L.
Hopkins
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
Father Charles Coughlin
Sen. Huey P. Long “the Kingfish”, Share Our
Wealth, Every Man a King
Sinclair Lewis, It Can’t Happen Here
Dr. Francis E. Townsend
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
National Recovery Administration (NRA) “We
Do Our Part”
Supreme Court invalidation of NRA
Schecter v. US, “Sick Chicken” case
Public Works Administration (PWA), Harold
Ickes
repeal of prohibition, 21st amendment
Agricultural Adjustment Act, AAA
criticism of AAA
Supreme Court invalidation of AAA
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of
1936
2nd Agricultural Adjustment Act
Dust Bowl, Okies, The Grapes of Wrath
Resettlement Administration
Truth in Securities Act
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
Social Security Act of 1935
Wagner National Labor Relations Act
John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers
Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO),
sit-down strikes
Congress of Industrial Organizations
minimum wage: Fair Labor Standards Act of
1938
election of 1936, Alf Landon
American Liberty League, Al Smith
20th amendment, “lame duck”
Supreme Court and the New Deal, Court
packing scheme, anti-FDR backlash
shifting attitude of Supreme Court
Roosevelt Recession of 1937
John Maynard Keynes, Keynesian economics:
deficits & tax cuts
Hatch Act of 1939
assessment of the New Deal
fundamental shift in power from states to
federal government
UNIT 10: WORLD WAR II & THE COLD WAR
AMERICA IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR
1933 TO 1952
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.5 The student knows the origins and effects of the involvement of the United States in World War
II.
A.5.6 The student understands the political events that shaped the development of United States
foreign policy and know the characteristics since World War II.
UNIT THESES
Roosevelt’s depression era foreign policy was guided primarily by the continuing economic emergency
and promoting American trade abroad, and secondarily by concerns of defense against hostile
dictatorships.
World War II was the inevitable result of the conflicts left unresolved or amplified by the Treaty of
Versailles, the bitter memories of World War I held by the Allied populace, and the failure of the League
of Nations to exercise international leadership.
The lessons of World War I led the American people to oppose immediate involvement in World War II,
however as the world situation degraded to war, Franklin Roosevelt effectively led the nation to prepare
for war and assume a role as the leader of the free world.
The onset of the Cold War forced the United States to assume a role of international leadership in
containing the spread of Communism, consider matters of internal security, and remain in a state of
peacetime military readiness.
READINGS
American Pageant Chapters 34, 35, 36
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 34, 35, 36, 37
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The Second World War
The rise of fascism and militarism in Japan, Italy, and Germany (35)
Prelude to war: policy of neutrality (35)
The attack on Pearl Harbor and United States declaration of war (35)
Fighting a multifront war (36)
Diplomacy, war aims, and wartime conferences (36)
The United States as an atomic power in the Atomic Age (36, 37)
The Home Front During the War
Wartime mobilization of the economy (36)
Urban migration and demographic changes (36)
Women, work, and family during the war (36)
Civil liberties and civil rights during wartime (36)
War and regional development (36)
Expansion of government power (36)
The United States and the Early Cold War
Origins of the Cold War (37)
Truman and containment (37)
The Cold War in Asia: China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan (37)
The impact of the Cold War on American society (37)
AP United States History
Unit Ten -World War II & the Cold War, 1933-1952
London Economic Conference
Secretary of State Cordell Hull
Tydings-McDuffy Act of 1934
recognition of the Soviet Union, 1933
Good Neighbor policy
Pan American Conference, 1933
repudiation of Platt Amendment
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, 1934
Rome-Berlin Axis
Italian invasion of Ethiopia, Haille Selassie
appeal to League of Nations
Johnson Debt Default Act of 1934
Sen. Gerald Nye, Nye Committee report
Neutrality Act of 1935, 1936, 1937
Spanish Civil War, Fascists, General
Francisco Franco
Japanese invasion of China, 1937
Quarantine Speech, public reaction
Panay incident
Hitler’s actions in violation of Versailles
anschluss with Austria, Sudetenland
Munich conference, appeasement
German-Soviet Nonaggression pact
invasion of Poland
Neutrality Act of 1939, “cash and carry” war
materiel sales policy
“phony war”, fall of France
US military preparations, draft
Havana Conference 1940
Battle of Britain
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the
Allies, America First Committee
Destroyers-for-bases deal 1940
Election of 1940, Wendell Willkie, third term
issue
Lend-Lease Act of 1941, “arsenal of
democracy”
undeclared naval war, sinking of the Robin
Moor
German invasion of Soviet Union
Atlantic Charter, United Nations
embargo on Japan, freezing of assets
attack at Pearl Harbor, “a day which will live
in infamy”
ABC-1 agreement
internment of the Japanese, Korematsu v.
United States
end of the New Deal
War Production Board
Henry J. Kaiser, Liberty Ships
shortages of consumer non-essentials
Office of Price Administration, rationing,
price and wage controls
WAACS, WAVES, SPARS, Rosie the
Riveter, post-war impact
migration of blacks away from the South
Navajo code talkers
economic effects of the war, costs of the war
conquest of the Philippines, Bataan death
march
Battle of Coral Sea, significance of aircraft
carriers
Battle of Midway, Adm. Chester Nimitz
Battle of Guadalcanal
leapfrogging/island hopping strategy
Marshal Erwin Rommel “Desert Fox”
Gen. Bernard Montgomery, El Alamein
Stalingrad
North Africa campaign, Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Casablanca conference
“unconditional surrender”, problems
invasion, surrender of Italy
Teheran conference
D-Day, Normandy invasion
Gen. George S. Patton
election of 1944, Gov. Thomas Dewey
“ditch Wallace” movement, Harry S Truman
Battle of the Bulge
capture of Berlin, surrender of Germany
V-E Day
death of FDR, ascension of Truman
Battle of Leyte Gulf, results
Iwo Jima, Okinawa
kamikazes
Potsdam Conference
Manahattan Project
atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Nagasaki
Gen. Douglas MacArthur, surrender aboard
USS Missouri, V-J Day
costs, effects of the war
postwar economics
Taft-Hartley Act, veto, override
Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 “GI
Bill of Rights”, education benefits
Veteran’s Administration (VA), home loan
guarantees
expansion of the middle class,
homeownership
role of women in workplace and home
effects of economic prosperity on society
role of military spending, cheap energy on
prosperity
rising education levels
rise of corporate farming
Dr. Benjamin Spock’s child care book
migration to the sunbelt, away from
rustbelt/frostbelt
suburban migration,
effect of FHA & VA loan guarantees,
interstate highways on suburbanization
Levittowners, demographics, effects on
cities, “white-flight”
decline of downtowns, rise of malls
redlining, public housing effects on
segregation of neighborhoods
“baby boom”
Harry S Truman
Yalta Conference, Stalin’s deception
Soviet aims in eastern Europe, creation of a
Soviet sphere of influence
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
World Bank
United Nations, Security Council, veto
early UN actions
Bernard Baruch, atomic inspections
Nuremberg Trials
reconstructing Germany, occupation zones
iron curtain, partitioning of Germany,
“satellite” states
Berlin, Soviet blockade, Berlin airlift
containment, George F. Kennan
Truman Doctrine, aid for defense of Greece
and Turkey
George C. Marshall, Marshall Plan, effects
recognition of Israel
National Security Act, Dept. of Defense,
Pentagon, Joint Chiefs of Staff, National
Security Council, Central Intelligence
Agency
draft, Selective Service System
North Atlantic Treaty Organization,
significance for US
reconstruction of Japan, MacArthur
democratization of Japan
fall of Nationalist Chiang Kai-shek’s China,
Taiwan, rise of Mao Tse-tung
Soviet test of atomic bomb
development of Hydrogen bomb, Soviet
response
loyalty oaths, Smith Act of 1940, Dennis v.
United States
Committee on Un-American Activities
(HUAC), Richard Nixon, Alger Hiss
case, Whittaker Chambers
Sen. Joseph McCarthy
McCarran Internal Security Bill 1950
Ethel & Julius Rosenberg
election of 1948, Thomas Dewey, dump
Truman movement, “Dixiecrats”, Strom
Thurmond, Harry Wallace Progressive
Party, Truman’s whistle-stop tour,
“Dewey defeats Truman”
Fair Deal, Housing Act of 1949
Dean Acheson, North Korean invasion
NSC-68
UN “police action” in Korean War
Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Inchon landing,
pursuit of North Korea across 38th
parallel, Red Chinese invasion
Truman’s firing of MacArthur
UNIT 11: THE 50S, 60S, AND 70S
CONFORMITY, THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, VIETNAM AND THE COUNTERCULTURE
1952 TO 1980
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.6 The student understands the political events that shaped the development of United States
foreign policy and know the characteristics since World War II.
A.5.7 The student understands the development of federal civil rights and voting rights since the
1950s and the social and political implications of these events.
UNIT THESES
The Cold War led the United States to pursue an ambivalent policy of confrontation, negotiation, and
preventative maintenance between 1945 and 1970.
Between World War II and 1960, the New Deal philosophy that the government was a legitimate agent
of social welfare became firmly embedded in the American mind.
Disillusionment with the increasingly violent protest of the 1960s led to the entrenchment of
conservative ideology between 1968 and 1992.
READINGS
American Pageant Chapters 38, 39, 40
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 38, 39, 40
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
The United States in the Early Cold War
Diplomatic strategies of the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations (38)
The Red Scare and McCarthyism (38)
Impact of the Cold War on American society (38)
The 1950s
Emergence of the modern civil rights movement (38)
The affluent society and “the other America” (38, 39)
Consensus and conformity: suburbia and middle-class America (38)
Social critics, nonconformists, and cultural rebels (38)
Impact of changes in science, technology, and medicine (38)
The Turbulent 1960s
From the New Frontier to the Great Society (39)
Expanding movements for civil rights (39)
Cold War confrontations: Asia, Latin America, and Europe (39, 40)
Beginning of Dütente (40)
The antiwar movement an the counterculture (39)
Politics and Economics at the End of the Twentieth Century
The election of 1968 and the “Silent Majority” (39)
Nixon’s challenges: Vietnam, China, Watergate (40)
Changes in the American economy: the energy crisis, deindustrialization, and the service economy (40)
AP United States History
Unit Eleven - The 50s, 60s, & 70s, 1952-1980
Election of 1952, Adlai Stevenson, Dwight D.
“Ike” Eisenhower, Richard Milhous Nixon,
“Adlai the appeaser”
Checkers Speech, role of television on political
campaigns
sound bites, “I will go to Korea”
results of Korean War
“McCarthyism”, Sen. Joseph McCarthy,
Army-McCarthy hearings, television
Jim Crow laws, segregation of public
accommodations
Rosa Parks, Montgomery bus boycott, Dr.
Martin Luther King, Jr., non-violence
desegregation of the military 1948
Chief Justice Earl Warren, “judicial activism”
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
1954, “all deliberate speed”
Little Rock Central High School 1957, Gov.
Orval Faubus, white resistance to
desegregation
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
(SCLC) 1957
Congress on Racial Equality (CORE)
sit-ins 1960, Student Non-Violent Coordinating
Committee (SNCC)
“dynamic conservatism”, permanence of New
Deal
Interstate Highway Act 1956, effects
Sec of State John Foster Dulles
Strategic Air Command (SAC)
Nikita Krushchev, Geneva Conference 1955,
“open skies”
“massive retaliation”, Hungarian rebellion,
failure of Dulles policy
“military-industrial complex”
French Indochina, Ho Chi Minh
Dienbienphu, Geneva conference
Ngo Dinh Diem
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
Iran, CIA coup, Shah, long-run effects
Egypt, Nasser, seizure of Suez Canal,
French/British/Israeli attack, US response
formation of OPEC 1960
Sputnik 1957, military implications
National Defense Education Act 1958
Krushchev’s 1959 US visit, Camp David
Conference
U-2 incident, Gary Powers, failure of Paris
summit conference
Guatemala, CIA coup, “covert ops”, US Fruit
Company
Cuba, Flugencio Batista, 1959 revolution, Fidel
Castro, alliance with Soviet Union, Cuban
exodus to Florida
Election of 1960, Nixon, JFK, religious issue
(Catholicism), role of television and
debates, sources of support for JFK
22nd Amendment
St. Lawrence Seaway project, statehood of
Alaska and Hawaii
use of computers, “high tech”, passenger jet
aircraft (707)
shift from blue collar to white collar employment
“baby boom” “cult of domesticity”
Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique
impact of television on society
Elvis Presley, rock and roll music
Marilyn Monroe, Playboy
The Organization Man, The Man in the Gray
Flannel Suit, The Crucible, Native Son,
Catcher in the Rye
JFK, New Frontier, RFK, J. Edgar Hoover,
Robert S. McNamara
steel price increases, JFK reaction
JFK tax-cut proposal
moon landing proposal
Vienna summit with Krushchev, Berlin Wall, “Ich
bien ein Berliner (I am a jelly doughnut)”
Charles de Gaulle, French hostility to US
McNamara “flexible response”, special forces
“Green Berets”
Vietnam, military advisors, coup against Diem,
US role in coup
Alliance for Progress
Bay of Pigs invasion fiasco
Cuban Missile Crisis, “quarantine”
Washington-Moscow “hotline”
Freedom Rides, Voter Education Project
Ole Miss, James Merideth
Birmingham protests, white reaction
March on Washington 1963, MLK “I have a
dream...” speech
Medgar Evers assassination, church bombings
JFK assassination, Lee Harvey Oswald, Jack
Ruby, Warren Commission
Lyndon Johnson
Civil Rights Act of 1964, EEOC
“affirmative action”
War on Poverty, Great Society
Election of 1964, Barry Goldwater, “Conscience
of a Conservative”, role of television: daisy
commercial
Tonkin Gulf resolution
creation of HUD, DOT, NEA, NEH
Medicare, Medicaid, Head Start
Immigration and Nationality Act 1965
24th Amendment (poll taxes), Freedom Summer
1964, 1964 murder of civil rights workers in
Mississippi, Selma march to Montgomery,
local reaction, Voting Rights Act of 1965
1965 shift in black civil rights attitudes, Watts
riots, Malcom X, Nation of Islam, Elijah
Muhammed
Black Panther party, Stokley Carmichael, “Black
Power”, black separatists
assassination of MLK 1968
Viet Cong, Operation Rolling Thunder, troop
strength in 1968
early anti-war movement, “teach-ins”
Tet offensive, impact
Election of 1968, challenge by Eugene
McCarthy and RFK, LBJ’s refusal to run,
Hubert H. Humphrey, Sirhan Sirhan, 1968
Democratic convention in Chicago, Nixon,
Spiro Agnew, George Wallace
Beat generation, Allen Ginsberg, Howl, Jack
Kerouac, On the Road, James Dean, Rebel
Without a Cause
Berkeley, Free Speech Movement 1964,
counterculture
sexual revolution, birth control pill, Kinsey
report, Stonewall riot, long term effects
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the
Weathermen
inflation and economic stagnation of the 1970s,
effects of Vietnam war and Great Society on
economy, effects of rising oil prices
Vietnamization, “Nixon Doctrine,” “silent
majority”
Agnew, “nattering nabobs of negativism”
draft inequities, college exemptions, low morale
My Lai massacre
invasion of Cambodia, Ho Chi Minh Trail
Kent State shootings
draft lottery, 26th Amendment (age 18 vote)
Pentagon Papers, NY Times
Henry Kissinger
Nixon’s China visit, dútente, ABM treaty, SALT
Earl Warren court, Gideon v. Wainwright 1963,
Miranda case 1966
Chief Justice Warren Berger, Roe v. Wade
AFDC, SSI programs
Philadelphia Plan
Environmental Protection Agency 1970,
Occupational Health and Safety Admin.
Rachel Carson, Silent Spring 1962
Clean Air Act 1970, Endangered Species Act
1973
wage and price controls, end of gold standard
Election of 1972, Sen. George McGovern
“peace with honor” in Vietnam
Watergate, CREEP, “enemies list”, abuse of
executive power
Ervin committee hearings, John Dean, Nixon
tapes, “executive privilege”
Agnew resignation, Gerald Ford
Saturday Night Massacre, Arichibald Cox
Pol Pot, Kmher Rouge
War Powers Act 1973
Yom Kippur War 1973, Arab oil embargo,
“energy crisis”
Leon Jaworski, US v. Nixon 1974, resignation of
Nixon 8/8/74
Ford’s pardon of Nixon
Helskini Conference
collapse of South Vietnam, evacuation of
Saigon, costs of war
Election of 1976, WIN: Whip Inflation Now,
Jimmy Carter: outsider status
pardon of draft dodgers, Dept of Energy
Camp David accords, Panama Canal treaty
“double-digit” inflation, OPEC price hikes, rising
interest rates
Iranian revolution, Ayatollah Ruhollah
Khomeini, hostage crisis, failed resuce
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
UNIT 12: NEW CONSERVATISM
REAGAN AND THE REBIRTH OF CONSERVATISM
1980 TO 1992
SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS BENCHMARK
A.5.8 The student knows significant political events and issues that have shaped domestic policy
decisions in contemporary America.
UNIT THESES
Technological developments between 1950 and 2000 radically altered the economic, social, and moral
fiber of the nation.
READINGS
American Pageant Chapters 41, 42
American Spirit, Volume II, chapters 41, 42
COLLEGE BOARD COURSE OUTLINE CORRELATION TO AMERICAN PAGEANT
Politics and Economics at the End of the Twentieth Century
The New Right and the Reagan Revolution (41)
End of the Cold War (41)
Society and Culture at the End of the Twentieth Century
Demographic changes: surge of immigration after 1965, Sunbelt migration, and the graying of America
(42)
Revolutions in biotechnology, mass communication, and computers (42)
Problems in a multicultural society (42)
The United States in the Post-Cold War World
Globalization and the American economy (42)
Unilateralism vs. Multilateralism in foreign policy (42)
Domestic and foreign terrorism (42)
Environmental issues in a global context (42)
ESSAYS
AP United States History
Guide to Writing AP Essays
1.
You are writing to impress an AP reader who will have approximately two minutes with your essay. You must
convince the reader that you are an intelligent life form at the outset.
2.
READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY and focus your discussion on directly answering that question.
Be certain you answer the question you are asked. AP free response questions in recent years have tended to
emphasize the following:

Analyzing the impact of an event or concept on some aspect of American society.
 Analyze the impact of any TWO of the following on the American industrial worker between
1865 and 1900: government actions, immigration, labor unions, technological changes.

Analyzing the validity of a thesis.
 The Bill of Rights did not come from a desire to protect the liberties won in the American
Revolution, but rather from the fear of the powers of the new federal government. Assess the
validity of this statement.

Analyzing the extent to which a historical stereotype is true for given period or concept.
 To what extent did the United States adopt an isolationistic policy in the 1920s and 1930s?

Analyzing the reasons which cause a particular movement to develop.
 Analyze the reasons for the emergence of the Populist movement in the late 19th century?

Comparing and contrasting different attitudes toward a general concept.
 Compare and contrast the attitudes of THREE of the following toward the wealth that was
created in the United States during the late 19th century: Andrew Carnegie, Eugene V. Debs,
Horatio Alger, Booker T. Washinton, Ida M. Tarbell.
3.
Analyze means that you must examine WHY and HOW. This should be assumed. AP essays are never
descriptive or simple restatements of factual information. Why is this important? What did it effect? How did
this cause some other factor?
4.
HIT ‘EM WITH A BRICK. Begin with a well-developed thesis statement which does more than just repeat the
question. Establish organization of the essay I n one additional statement. This will get you thinking about
logical flow and also give the reader an instant sense of direction.
5.
Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence which defends your thesis and directly answers the question, and
support it with as much specific factual information as you can. Use the names, dates, places, events, and
terminology of history. Do not merely list or describe information but use it to prove your thesis.
Explain how and why the specific information supports your point of view. Avoid “vomit” essays in
which you merely throw-up information in a random manner without relating it back to your thesis.
6.
DO NOT QUOTE. This is not a research paper. Assume that the reader has read the same primary source
material that you have been provided with. You will not be accused of plagiarizing Thomas Jefferson or Thomas
Nast. Quotes do not show analysis. You should never use more than a few words of a document or other source
in quotes, and even this should be a rare occurrence. Any use of condensed margins or quotes that run for more
than a single clause will result in a reduced grade. If you wish to transcribe quotes consider a career as a monk.
7.
The best way to use a document is to integrate it seamlessly into your writing. “Webster’s
objection to Madison’s use of a military draft as being unconstitutional demonstrates that the
Federalist commitment to broad construction of the Constitution only applies when they are in
power.”
8.
DO NOT CHEAT. This is still an academic assignment. Use of someone else’s ideas or essays is prohibited.
9.
“Kill the damn dog.” Keep the essay focused on answering the question. Combine thoughts into clear,
concise, sophisticated sentences. Make the important factual information the subject of your sentence. A
complete historical thought is a cause/effect relationship so show cause/effect relationships in single sentences.
Avoid wordiness.
“See Spot run. Spot runs past Dick. The grass is wet. See Spot run past Jane. Dick has a stick. The sun is
shining. Hear baby cry. Spot runs into the road. Spot gets hit by a car.”
“While running across the yard to avoid being hit by a stick that Dick was swinging, Spot was blinded by the
morning sun reflecting off the dewy grass, ran into the road, and was hit by a car.”
10. End each paragraph with a clincher sentence that ties the entire paragraph directly back to the thesis statement.
11. Always focus on the complexity of history. Demonstrate
that
you
understand
the
concept
of
multi-causation/multi-effect. Bring as much depth and
breadth into the essay as possible.
12. Essays assigned as homework should be typed if at all
possible. If typing is not possible, hand written essays
are acceptable in blue or black ink. All essays should be
double-spaced and follow MLA-style guidelines. See the
example at right.
Washington 1
George Washington
AP United States History
02 September 2002
This is the story of all about how my
life got flipped, turned upside down and I’d
like to take a minute just sit right there and
13. Penmanship, spelling, and grammar make a difference
I’ll tell you how I became the prince of a town
because they subconsciously affect the ability of the
reader to extract information from the essay. Use only
the past tense and DO NOT attempt to make your essay
relevant to today’s world. Avoid starting sentences with pronouns. Use only third person. Any use of “I feel..,” or
“I will prove...,” will result in the essay being returned to you for revision and a reduced grade upon resubmission.
14. Long essays are not always good essays, but short essays are rarely good essays. Don’t be locked into preconceived
notions of length or five paragraph essays. Budget your time. It is imperative that you give each essay your best
shot. In all likelihood you will score higher by attempting to answer both questions on the exam, rather than
concentrating your efforts on one really good essay.
15. The question every reader asks themselves at the end of an essay is, “How sophisticated a knowledge of history has
this student demonstrated in this essay?” Essay grading is subjective. Impress the reader with a sophisticated
understanding of history and your grade will reflect it.
16. Use the following format in organizing your essay. This is a predictable format which will make it easier for the
reader to extract information from you essay. Remember that you are writing to impress in 120 seconds
or less. THIS IS NOT YOUR DOCTORAL THESIS. The essay should be detailed, but not drowning
in flowery literary devices or lost in tangents not related to the question. Your essay should allow
the reader to quickly discover your thesis and support.
I.
Introduction: One statement establishing historical context of the question (this background is OPTIONAL,
strong essays do not necessarily need it). A well-developed thesis statement that directly answers the
question. One additional statement which establishes the organization of the essay.
II. Body
A. Topic 1: Most important topic sentence stated in a manner that directly answers the question.
1. Most important specific factual information (SFI) which demonstrates both knowledge of the
material and an understanding of how this supports your thesis.
2. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
3. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
4. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
5. Clincher & transitional sentence which ties the paragraph directly back to the thesis.
B. Topic 2: Next most important topic sentence stated in a manner that directly answers the
question.
1. Most important specific factual information (SFI) which demonstrates both knowledge of the
material and an understanding of how this supports your thesis.
2. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
3. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
4. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
5. Clincher & transitional sentence which ties the paragraph directly back to the thesis.
C. Topic 3: Next most important topic sentence stated in a manner that directly answers the
question.
1. Most important specific factual information (SFI) which demonstrates both knowledge of the
material and an understanding of how this supports your thesis.
2. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
3. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
4. Next most important SFI, following the same procedure.
5. Clincher & transitional sentence which ties the paragraph directly back to the thesis.
REPEAT A, B, AND C AS MANY TIMES AS NECESSARY TO COMPLETELY ANSWER THE QUESTION.
III. Conclusion: Restatement of the thesis which reflects the evidence presented in the body. One to two
statements which summarize the topic sentences and directly relate back to the question.
AP United States History
Document Based Question Activity Sheet
Follow the steps in order.
1.
Read the DIRECTIONS for the DBQ carefully. Note that a DBQ requires you to analyze both the documents AND your
knowledge of the period in question.
2.
Read the QUESTION carefully and answer the following:
a.
What dates does this question include?
From ______________________________
b.
to ______________________________
What geographic areas are involved?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
c.
What terms in the question require explicit or implicit definitions? Define them.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
DBQs require substantial information that is not contained in the documents provided as part of the question. In the space
below brainstorm any information that comes to mind after reading the question.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.
Scan each document looking for the most important points. Note the context of author, date, and any clear bias. Underline or
highlight key words or phrases.
5.
Re-read the question carefully.
6.
Read each document carefully and write a brief summary in the space provided. Be sure to get the main point of the document
as it relates to the question.
Document A
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document _________________________________________________________
Document B
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document C
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document D
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document E
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document F
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document G
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document H
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document I
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document J
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
Document K
Name of the Document _________________________________________________________________________
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Outside information suggested by document ________________________________________________________
7.
Put your pencil down and think for a few moments.
8.
Using the information you have assembled, write a thesis statement which directly answers the question.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
9.
Now write an organizing statement which will show the reader the direction you will be going with your essay.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
10. Organize your essay to prove your thesis. Normally, this will involve three paragraphs. Write a topic sentence and list the
outside information and the documents which will be cited in each body paragraph.
Paragraph 1 _________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 _________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 3 _________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 4 (if necessary) _____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Now you are ready to write your DBQ.
AP United States History
Selected Part B Free-Response questions
1.
Analyze the extent to which religious freedom existed in the British North American colonies prior to 1700.
2.
Compare the ways in which religion shaped the development of colonial society (to 1740) in TWO of the following
regions:
New England
Chesapeake
Middle Atlantic
3.
Compare and contrast the was in which economic development affected politics in Massachusetts and Virginia in the
period from 1607 to 1750.
4.
Analyze the ways in which TWO of the following influenced the development of American society.
Puritanism during the seventeenth century
The Great Awakening during the eighteenth century
The Second Great Awakening during the nineteenth century
5.
For the period before 1750, analyze the ways in which Britain’s policy of salutary neglect influenced the development
of American society as illustrated in the following.
Legislative assemblies
Commerce
Religion
6.
Analyze the impact of the American Revolution on both slavery and the status of women in the period from
1775-1800.
7.
Analyze the extent to which the American Revolution represented a radical alteration in American political ideas and
institutions. Confine your answer to the period 1775 to 1800.
8.
Evaluate the extent to which the Articles of Confederation was effective in solving the problems that confronted the
new nation.
9.
Analyze the degree to which the Articles of Confederation provided an effective form of government with respect to
any TWO of the following.
Foreign relations
Economic conditions
Western lands
10. Evaluate the relative importance of domestic and foreign affairs in shaping American politics in the 1790s.
11. Analyze the contributions of TWO of the following in helping establish a stable government after the adoption of the
Constitution.
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
12. Discuss the impact of territorial expansion on national unity between 1800 to 1850.
13. Analyze the effectiveness of political compromise in reducing sectional tensions in the period 1820 to 1861.
14. How did TWO of the following contribute to the reemergence of a two party system in the period 1820 and 1840?
Major political personalities
States’ rights
Economic issues
15. Analyze the extent to which TWO of the following influenced the development of democracy between 1820 and 1840.
Jacksonian economic policy
Changes in electoral politics
Second Great Awakening
Westward movement
16. In what ways did developments in transportation bring about economic and social change in the United States in the
period 1820 and 1860?
17. To what extent did the debates about the Mexican War and its aftermath reflect the sectional interests of New
Englanders, westerners, and southerners in the period 1845 to 1855?
18. Analyze the ways in which supporters of slavery in the nineteenth century used legal, religious, and economic
arguments to defend the institution of slavery.
19. Evaluate the impact of the Civil War on political and economic developments in TWO of the following regions. Focus
your answer on the period between 1865 and 1900.
The South
The North
The West
20. Analyze the economic consequences of the Civil War with respect to any TWO of the following in the United States
between 1865 and 1880.
Agriculture
Labor
Industrialization
Transportation
21. Analyze the impact of any TWO of the following on the American industrial worker between 1865 and 1900.
Government actions
Immigration
Labor unions
Technological changes
22. How were the lives of the Plains Indians in the second half of the nineteenth century affected by technological
developments and government actions?
23. Compare and contrast the attitudes of THREE of the following toward the wealth that was created in the United
States during the late nineteenth century.
Andrew Carnegie
Eugene V. Debs
Horatio Alger
Booker T. Washington
Ida M. Tarbell
24. Analyze the reasons for the emergence of the Populist movement in the late nineteenth century.
25. Compare and contrast the programs and policies designed by the reformers of the Progressive era to those designed
by reformers of the New Deal period. Confine your answers to programs and policies that addressed the needs of
those living poverty.
26. Assess the relative influence of THREE of the following in the American decision to declare war on Germany in 1917.
German naval policy
American economic interests
Woodrow Wilson’s idealism
Allied propaganda
America’s claim to world power
27. In what ways did economic conditions and developments in the arts and entertainment help create the reputation of
the 1920s as the Roaring Twenties?
28. Compare and contrast United States society in the 1920s and the 1950s with respect to TWO of the following:
race relations
role of women
consumerism
29. To what extent and why did the United States adopt an isolationist policy in the 1920s and 1930s?
30. Analyze the ways in which the Great Depression altered the American social fabric in the 1930s.
31. Compare and contrast United States foreign policy after the First World War and after the Second World War.
Consider the periods 1919-1828 and 1945-1950.
32. Analyze the influence of TWO of the following on American-Soviet relations in the decade following the Second
World War.
Yalta Conference
Communist revolution in China
Korean War
McCarthyism
33. Assess the success of the United States policy of containment in Asia between 1945 and 1975.
34. Analyze the successes and failures of the United States Cold War policy of containment as it developed in TWO of the
following regions of the world during the period 1945 to 1975.
East and Southeast Asia
Europe
Latin America
Middle East
35. To what extent did the decade of the 1950s deserve its reputation as an age of political, social, and cultural
conformity?
36. How do you account for the appeal of McCarthyism in the United States in the era following the Second World War?
37. How did the African American Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s address the failures of Reconstruction?
38. “1968 was a turning point for the United States.” To what extent is this an accurate assessment? In your answer,
discuss TWO of the following.
National politics
Vietnam War
Civil Rights
39. Describe the patterns of immigration in TWO of the periods listed below. Compare and contrast the response of
Americans to immigrants in these periods.
1820 to 1860
1880 to 1924
1965 to 2000
40. Analyze the extent to which TWO of the following transformed American society in the 1960s and 1970s.
The Civil Rights movement
The antiwar movement
The women’s movement