Please refer to the following website for more information regarding vocabulary:
http://www.aikiweb.com/
Attacks:
English
Japanese
Encapsulated Postscript
Katatedori (wrist/hand grab, same side)
katate tori
Kousadori (wrist/hand grab, opposite side)
kousa tori
Ryotedori (both hands/wrists grab)
ryote tori
Ryotemochi (both hands/wrists grab)
ryote mochi
Morotedori (one arm with both hands grab)
morote tori
Katadori (shoulder grab)
katadori
Ryokatadori (both shoulders grab)
ryokatadori
Kubishime (neck strangle)
Munetsuki (punch to chest)
munetsuki
Shomenuchi (strike to top of head)
shomen uchi
Yokomenuchi (strike to side of head)
yokomen uchi
Ushiro (from the rear)
ushiro
Throws:
English
Japanese
Encapsulated
Postscript
Irimi (Entering)
irimi
Tenkan (Turning)
tenkan
Omote (Front)
omote
Ura (Rear)
ura
Tai no Henkou (Basic blend)
tainohenkou
Ikkyo/Ikkajo (First teaching)
ikkyo
Nikyo/Nikajo (Second teaching)
nikyou.eps
Sankyo/Sankajo (Third teaching)
sankyo
Yonkyo/Yonkajo (Fourth teaching)
yonkyo
Gokyo (Fifth teaching)
gokyo
Iriminage (Entering throw)
iriminage
Shihonage (Four directional throw)
shihonage
Kotegaeshi (Wrist throw)
kotegaeshi
Tenchinage (Heaven and Earth throw)
tenchi nage
Kaitennage (Rotary throw)
kaitennage
Aiki Otoshi (Blending drop throw)
aikiotoshi
Sumi Otoshi (Corner throw)
sumiotoshi
Jyuji Garame (Figure "+" throw)
jyujigarame
Koshinage (Hip throw)
koshinage
Kokyudosa (Breath technique)
kokyu dosa
Kokyuho (Breath technique)
kokyuho
Kokyutandenho (Breath/center technique)
kokyutandenho
Jiyuwaza (Freeform techniques)
jiyuwaza
Randori ("Chaotic" multiperson techniques)
randori
Hanmihandachi (One person standing, one person sitting
techniques)
hanmihandachi
Suwariwaza (Sitting techniques)
suwariwaza
Ushirowaza (Techniques from rear attacks)
ushiro waza
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In order to count up to 99, all you need to know is the Japanese terms for 1 through 10.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
one = ichi
two = ni
three = san
four = yon (or shi)
five = go
six = roku
seven = nana (or shichi)
eight = hachi
nine = kyu
ten = jyu
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"Onegai shimasu" is a hard phrase to directly translate to English. The second part "shimasu" is
basically the verb "suru" which means "to do" conjugated into the present tense. "Onegai" comes
from the verb "negau" which literally means "to pray to (something)" or "to wish for (something)."
The "O" at the beginning is the "honorific O" that makes the phrase more "honoring." Of course,
we would never say that particular phrase without it, but that's what it is. (Don't confuse this "O"
with the "O" in O-sensei. The one in O-sensei is actually "Oo" meaning "big" or "great.")
In Japanese culture, we use "onegai shimasu" in many different situations. The basic connotation
is the feeling of exchanging "good will" towards the "future" of the two meeting parties. Hence, it's
sometimes kind of like saying "I'm hoping that our relationship holds good things in the future."
We use this during New Year's celebration by saying "kotoshi mo yoroshiku onegai shimasu"
which transliterated (to the best of my abilities) means "this year also good tidings I pray I do."
You get the gist.
Another connotation is "please" as in, "please let me train with you." It's an entreaty often used in
asking the other person to teach you, and that you are ready to accept the other person's
teaching.
If you're feeling really, really humble, you can say "onegai itashimasu" which uses "kenjyougo" or
the "humble" form of the verb. This places you lower on the hierarchy than the person to whom
you're speaking (unless they too use the same humbling form -- in which case, I think it all comes
down to stuff like who can put their nose closer to the ground when bowing or something).
To pronounce this, I'd transcribe it as:
o ne gai shi ma su.
(If you want to get technical about it, the last "su" is a stop-fricative rather than a fricative-vowel
combination, so it _is_ pronounced like the ending "s" in "gas" moreso than the long "su" sound in
the name "Sue.")
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The phrase "doumo arigatou gozaimashita" is pretty easy to explain.
It basically just means: "Thank you very much."
In this case, I'd put the definitions down as:
Doumo = thanks
Arigatou = thanks (yes, again. We're a redundant sort)
Gozaimashita = for something that has happened
It's pronounced, more or less,
dou mo ari ga tou go zai ma shi ta
If you're speaking to someone who is your equal or "lower" on the hierarchy, you can just say
"arigatou" or "doumo" (although just saying "doumo" is more on the terse side of things (and can
be taken as being a bit rude)) to mean, basically, "thanks."
For people "above" you in the hierarchy (e.g. sensei, sempai), you would usually say the full
phrase. If you're going to drop something out of the phrase itself, I would probably drop the
"doumo" part and just say "arigatou gozaimashita" to someone.
Note: The Japanese "r" is not really a "liquid r" with the tongue curled back (we don't have that
Amerrrrican Arrrr (as in "Arr, matey!") in our phonetic system), but is more akin to the "l" sound
like in "lollipop." My Japanese "r" is somewhere between an "l" and a "d" -- it's like an "l" but more
like a "stop" consonant than a liquid (although it still is a liquid).